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The End of Dynasties

The End of Dynasties. “Never call in a tiger to chase out a dog.”. The Ming called upon the Manchu nomads to help defeat peasant revolts – backfires!. Qing Dynasty, lasted 3 centuries Trade with the West began – but only allowed in city of Guangzhou Europeans not happy

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The End of Dynasties

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  1. The End of Dynasties “Never call in a tiger to chase out a dog.”

  2. The Ming called upon the Manchu nomads to help defeat peasant revolts – backfires! • Qing Dynasty, lasted 3 centuries • Trade with the West began – but only allowed in city of Guangzhou • Europeans not happy • they need to give lots of silver for the silk, spices and tea they desire

  3. The Tribute System • Confucius say: China is superior to other nations • other nations must pay tribute to the superior • Kowtow – showed respect and obedience • All visitors to China must do this

  4. The Opium Problem • Opium – a drug made from poppy seeds; originally used in ancient China for medicinal purposes • Extremely habit forming • Most used in China was brought from India

  5. British Opium Trade • 19th Century China experiencing many economic and social problems • opium trade skyrockets as demand increases • British govt. in India was dependent upon profits from the opium trade, (5-10% of their revenue)

  6. Death Penalty for Drugs?? • 1830’s millions are addicted and China is in economic crisis • 1839, govt. orders death sentence for anyone involved in opium trade • 1839-1842 Opium War between Britain and China

  7. Remember downfalls of Confucianism? • Treaty of Nanjing – (1842) opens China to Western world, “unequal treaty” • Opened 5 Chinese ports to British trade • China pays Indemnity to Britain • Hong Kong goes to Britain • China can’t tax its imports • No more tribute • “Most favored nation clause” • Treaty of extraterritoriality – crimes committed by British citizens will be tried in Britain

  8. War with Britain and France: 1857-1860 • Chinese tried to ignore new treaties • British and French have excuse to force more treaties upon China • China eventually is opened up to all western nations through force

  9. New China Under Imperialism • Merchants and Missionaries travel throughout China • Foreigners not subject to Chinese laws • 5% tariff on foreign goods • Qing dynasty loses power and the nation is humiliated • not really free again until after WWII

  10. Fall of the Manchus • Population had been growing without an increase in agriculture, (natural disasters too) • Peasants unhappy and don’t trust Manchus, felt they lost the ______ • Taiping Rebellion – Qing dynasty had to ask foreigners for help crushing peasant uprising

  11. Empress Cixi encourages rebellion against foreigners, Boxer Rebellion – unsuccessful

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