Disinfection:

1. Disinfection: "Destruction of microorganism in their vegetative state". • Items that cannot sterilized must be disinfected • Disinfection differs from sterilization by its lack or sporadically power Disinfectant agent: Alcohol 70% -90% ( kills microorganism by coagulation of cell protein.) Formaldehyde; solution or gas( kills microorganism by coagulation of cell protein). polydine (betadine) Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

2. Attire, Surgical Scrub, Growing And Gloving Operating Room Attire: The purpose of operating attire is to provide effective barriers that prevent the dissemination of microorganisms to the patient and these barriers protect personnel from infected patient. Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

3. Points of protocol for OR teams Dressing rooms located in the unrestricted area. Attire is laundered daily only in the hospital laundry facilities. OR attire shouldn’t be worn outside the OR department. A Person with an acute infection shouldn’t be permitted within OR department Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

4. Points of protocol for OR teamsCont,d A person with cuts, burns, skin lesions shouldn’t scrub. Fingernails should be kept short. Jewelry, (including rings and watches) should be removed before scrubbed. Comfortable supportive shoes should be worn to minimize fatigue and for personal safety Wash hands frequently and thoroughly. Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

5. Components of OR Attire Body cover Mask Head covers Shoes covers Gowns Gloves Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

6. The Surgical Scrub: • " The process of removing as many organism as possible from hand and arms by mechanical washing and chemical antiseptic before participating in an operation." Purpose of surgical scrub: Decrease the number of microorganism (Resident). To keep the population of organism minimal during operation. To reduce the hazard of microbial contamination of the operation wound. Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

7. Division of duties, Setup, Procedure and Clean up Duties Before First Day of the Operation: Remove unnecessary tables and equipment from the room. Make dusting overhead operating light, furniture flat surfaces and all portable equipment with disinfected solution. Put a clean sheet and arm boards on the operating table. Position operating table under overhead light.. Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

8. Before First Day of the Operation: Turn on operating light to check focus and intensity. Obtain and check electrical cautery. Connect and check suction machine function. Arrange furniture with those pieces that will be draped and become part of sterile field at least 45 cm a way from walls. Select the correct size of gloves, sutures, drains and needed supplies. put sterile gown (2G,3G) on mayo tray for use . Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

9. The antiseptic agent must be: Abroad – spectrum anti-microbial agent. Fast acting and effective. Non irritating and non-sensitizing . Prolonged – acting – leaves an antimicrobial residue to skin. Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

10. Surgical Hand Scrubs Purposes Remove debris and transient microorganisms from the nails, hands, and forearms Reduce the resident microbial count to a minimum, and Inhibit rapid rebound growth of microorganisms. Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

11. Surgical Hand Scrubs procedure A numbered stroke method Time method – 5 min. scrub Goal of surgical scrub is infection prevention 4 Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

12. Procedure for the timed five minute scrub Remove all jewelry Wash hands and arms with antimicrobial soap. Start timing. (Scrub each side of each finger, between the fingers, and the back and front of the hand for two minutes.) Proceed to scrub the arms, keeping the hand higher than the arm at all times Wash each side of the arm to three inches above the elbow for one minute Repeat the process on the other hand and arm, keeping hands above elbows at all times. Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

13. Procedure for the timed five minute scrub Rinse hands and arms by passing them through the water in one direction only, from fingertips to elbow. Proceed to the operating room suite holding hands above elbows. If the hands and arms are grossly soiled, the scrub time should be lengthened. Not vigorously. care should be taken not to splash water onto surgical attire. Hands and arms should be dried using a sterile towel and aseptic technique. You are now ready to don your gown and sterile gloves. Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

14. N.B.:During and after scrubbing , keep the hands higher than the elbow to allow water to flow from the cleanest area. Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing

15. Gowning and Gloving • The sterile gown is put on immediately after the surgical scrub. • The sterile gloves are put on immediately after gowning . • Purpose of Gowning and glowing: • To exclude skin as possible containment. • To create a barrier between sterile and un – sterile areas. Bader EL Safadi BSN , MSc Operating Room Nursing