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Chapter 2 Health of the Individual, Family, and Community

Chapter 2 Health of the Individual, Family, and Community. Meeting Basic Human Needs. The absence of basic human needs results in illness The presence of basic human needs helps prevent illness or signals health Meeting basic human needs restores health

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Chapter 2 Health of the Individual, Family, and Community

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  1. Chapter 2Health of the Individual, Family, and Community

  2. Meeting Basic Human Needs • The absence of basic human needs results in illness • The presence of basic human needs helps prevent illness or signals health • Meeting basic human needs restores health • One feels something missing when needs are unmet • One feels satisfaction when needs are met

  3. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Human Needs

  4. Self-Actualization Needs • Acceptance of self and others as they are • Focus of interest on problems outside oneself • Ability to be objective • Feelings of happiness and affection for others • Respect for all people • Ability to discriminate between good and evil • Creativity as a guideline for solving problems and pursuing interests

  5. Family Structures • Family—any group of people who live together • Nuclear family—traditional family; two parents and their children • Extended family—includes aunts, uncles, and grandparents • Blended family—two parents and their unrelated children from previous relationships

  6. Family Functions • Physical • Economic • Reproductive • Affective and coping • Socialization

  7. Question Which of the following family functions is met when the family provides emotional comfort to a child who is ill? A. Physical B. Economic C. Reproductive D. Affective and coping E. Socialization

  8. Family Stages • Couple and family with children • Family with adolescents and young adults • Family with middle-aged adults • Family with older adults

  9. Risk Factors for Altered Family Health • Lifestyle risk factors • Psychosocial risk factors • Environmental risk factors • Developmental risk factors • Biologic risks

  10. Community Factors Affecting Health • Social support systems • Community healthcare structure • Economic resources • Environmental factors • Nursing in the community

  11. Characteristics of Community Influences on the Health of a Member

  12. Question Tell whether the following statement is true or false. The healthcare structure of a community has a direct effect on the health of the people living within it. A. True B. False

  13. Answer A. True. The healthcare structure of a community has a direct effect on the health of the people living within it.

  14. Question Tell whether the following statement is true or false. An example of a developmental risk factor is a family who has inadequate child care for a preschool child when both parents are working. A. True B. False

  15. Answer B. False An example of a psychosocial risk factor is a family who has inadequate child care for a preschool child when both parents are working.

  16. Question A nurse who focuses attention on the strengths and abilities of his patients rather than their problems is helping them to achieve which of Maslow’s basic human needs? A. Self-actualization B. Self-esteem C. Love and belonging D. Safety and security E. Physiologic

  17. Answer Answer: A. Self-actualization Rationale: To meet patient self-actualization needs, nurses provide a sense of direction and hope and maximize patient potential. Self-esteem needs are met by respecting patient values and beliefs and setting attainable goals for them. Love and belonging needs are met by including family and friends and establishing caring relationships with patients. Safety and security needs are met by encouraging spiritual practices and independent decision making. Physiologic needs are needs that must be met to maintain life.

  18. Answer Answer: D. Affective and coping Rationale: The affective and coping function of a family provides emotional comfort to family members. The physical function provides a safe, comfortable environment. Economically, the family provides financial aid to members. The reproductive function pertains to raising children and socialization involves transmitting beliefs, values, attitudes, and coping mechanisms and guiding problem-solving.

  19. Answer A. True. A family can be defined as any group of people who live together.

  20. Question Tell whether the following statement is true or false. A family can be defined as any group of people who live together. A. True B. False

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