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Intergovernmental Organization Membership of 132 Member States (40 in Africa)

Harnessing Financial Resources from the Diaspora for the Socio-Economic Development in Africa: Insights by the International Organization for Migration (IOM).

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Intergovernmental Organization Membership of 132 Member States (40 in Africa)

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  1. Harnessing Financial Resources from the Diaspora for the Socio-Economic Development in Africa:Insights by the International Organization for Migration (IOM)

  2. Established in 1951 as an intergovernmental organization to resettle European displaced persons, refugees and migrants, IOM has now grown to encompass a variety of migration management activities throughout the world • Intergovernmental Organization • Membership of 132 Member States (40 in Africa) • 135 countries (460 field offices)

  3. IOM in Africa Algeria Tunisia Morocco Libya Regional Office Cairo (MENA) Mauritania Mali Regional Office Dakar Niger Djibouti Sudan Somalia SLM Addis Ababa Nigeria Ethiopia Gambia Uganda Guinea Cote d’Ivoire Guinea-Bissau Regional Office Nairobi Cameroun Ghana Liberia Sierra Leone Tanzania Congo B. ACBC Moshi DRC Angola Zambia COUNTRY OFFICE Mauritius Mozambique REGIONAL OFFICE Zimbabwe TRAIING CENTRE SPECIAL LAISON MISSION Regional Office Pretoria

  4. IOM Programmes • Return of Qualified African Nationals (RQAN) – 1983 to 2000 • Migration for Development in Africa (MIDA) – 2000 to present

  5. Migration for Development in Africa

  6. IMPORTANT FACTS • Remittances are a fairly stable form of income, despite financial crisis and conflicts • Contribute to poverty reduction (individual households and channeled into investments) • Increase household income (by over 50%; education, health, and housing)

  7. IOM Remittance Initiatives • Research and Data Collection • Policy Dialogue • Capacity Building • Innovative Remittance Transfer Options

  8. RESEARCH AND DATA COLLECTION

  9. POLICY DIALOGUE Ministerial conference – LDC on Enhancing Development Impact of Remittances (Dakar) • Increased dialogue amongst nations • Create more awareness on migrant populations, migration and remittance patterns • Better relationship between migrant workers and countries of origin/government

  10. CAPACITY BUILDING

  11. INNOVATIVE REMITTANCE TRANSFER OPTIONS

  12. CROSS-CUTTING Information Campaigns: • Multi-media (radio, tv, internet) • Community-based • Diaspora associations • Nationwide/international

  13. Migration and Gender • Today women are half of all migrants • Globally women are the more frequent receivers of remittances • Tend to use remittances for household goods, consumer durables, housing, debt repayment • Women tend to transfer small amounts more frequently

  14. PARTNERSHIPS KEY PARTNER: Universal Postal Union (UPU) Memorandum of Understanding, April 2010

  15. MoU: UPU and IOM Cooperation in fields of postal payment services, including remittances: • Encourage formal remittance flows • Encourage diaspora to contribute to development of country • Exchange of best practices • Information campaigns • Capacity-building and technical expertise btwn IOM and UPU

  16. Tanzania and Uganda

  17. Main Findings – Migrant Assessments • Senders of small amounts, preferred informal methods, particularly if they were near the border • Regarded informal system as less costly and thought it was worth taking risk • Migrants had negative perception about reliability and quality of services about postal system, including lengthy procedures • Even migrants who had not used the system for years had the same perception, and thought it was more expensive than the informal system • Those that used the system – indicated it was less than 10 minutes and IFS was less costly • Migrants wanted the bus system of informally sending money to be formalised by government

  18. Recommendations • Develop economic contribution of diaspora through pro-diaspora policies, as well as liberalise financial and investment laws • Postal corporations and UPU should assess alternative back up systems in rural areas; major obstacle for IFS to work properly is erratic power supply • Revamp post office image as a main partner

  19. THANK YOU!

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