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PENGANTAR DAUR BAHAN BAKAR NUKLIR

PENGANTAR DAUR BAHAN BAKAR NUKLIR. Nur Syamsi Syam , ST, M.Eng . Basic Professional Training Course - BAPETEN Cisarua , 26 Maret 2014. BIODATA. Nama : Nur Syamsi Syam , ST., M.Eng Tempat / Tgl Lahir : Sinjai , 16 September 1980

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PENGANTAR DAUR BAHAN BAKAR NUKLIR

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  1. PENGANTAR DAUR BAHAN BAKAR NUKLIR NurSyamsiSyam, ST, M.Eng. Basic Professional Training Course - BAPETEN Cisarua, 26 Maret 2014

  2. BIODATA Nama : NurSyamsiSyam, ST.,M.Eng Tempat /TglLahir : Sinjai, 16 September 1980 Unit Kerja : Perizinan INNR, DPIBN (2005 – sekarang) Jabatan : PengawasRadiasiMuda e-mail : n.syam@bapeten.go.id Pendidikan : 1. S1 TeknikNuklir, UniversitasGadjahMada, Yogyakarta, 2003 2. S2 Magister SistemTeknologiEnergi, UGM, 2010 Training Bidang InstalasiNuklir • Pelatihan Instalasi Nuklir Nonreaktor-BAPETEN, 2007 • OJT on Human Induced Event Aspect of NPP siting, US-NRC, USA, 2012 • Safety of Nuclear Fuel Cycle Facility – IRSN, Perancis, 2013 • MEXT Research Program, NPP Dismantling Technology, 2013

  3. PENDAHULUAN Pengantar DBBN, BPTC 2014

  4. TUJUAN PEMBELAJARAN

  5. Pendahuluan • InstalasiDaurBahanBakarNuklir POKOK BAHASAN • Mine and Milling • Conversion • Fabrication • Reprocessing • Spent Fuel Storage • Penutup

  6. Proved Reserves by Energy Sources

  7. INSTALASI DAUR BAHAN BAKAR NUKLIR IRM

  8. INSTALASI DBBN • Pertambangandan Milling • Konversi • Pengkayaan • Fabrikasi (Fresh fuel and MOX) • (Reaktor) • Penyimpanansementara BBNB • Reprocessing • Penyimpanan Lestari (Deep geological untuk HLW)

  9. MINE AND MILLING • Tahun 2009: Total Produksidaritambangadalah 50772 ton U • Sejak 2009 produksimeningkatdiatas 53000 ton U krnpeningkatanpenambangandi Kazakhstan (20.000 ton U di 2012) • Jumlah Uranium diseluruhduniasaatini yang diketahui > 5 juta ton

  10. MINE AND MILLING • Mining • Open pit and underground mines • In situ Leaching • Heap Leaching • Milling (penggerusan) • Purification and concentration

  11. MINE AND MILLING • PotensiBahaya: Radioaktivitas • Radiasiinterna: Radon • RadiasiEksterna: gamma untuk U grade tinggi • FiturKeselamatan: • Ventilasiygbaikkhususnya underground mine • Efficient dust control • Limiting the radiation exposure • The use of radiation detection equipment in all mines and plants, often including personal dose badges. • Imposition of strict personal hygiene standards for workers handling uranium oxide concentrate

  12. CONVERSION (Yellow Cake  UF6) Duapendekatanuntukkonversi yellowcake ke UF6. • Proses volatilitas fluoride kering (hidrofluor) • Yellowcake direaksikan dg hydrogen pd suhutinggimembentuk uranium dioksida(UO2) padatahapanreduksi. • UO2 direaksikan HF menghasilkan uranium tetrafluorida (UF4). • UF4 bereaksi dg gas fluorinmenghasilkan gas UF6 • Pd tahapakhirdistilasisedikit gas & impuritas dihilangkan utk memproduksi cairan murni UF6. • Digestiasambasah. • digesti yellowcake (65% - 85% U3O8) dg as nitrat. • Ekstraksi cair dg tributil fosfat (TBP)-kerosen atau TBP heksan, kmdnevaporasiutkmengkonsentrasilrtnuranilnitrat, • reduksi denitrasi/kalsinasi, reduksi, hidrofluorinasi, dan fluorinasi. • Pemurnian UF6 drkontaminan dg prosespenyaringan (digesti, ekstraksi, danevaporasi).

  13. FASILITAS KONVERSI (Perancis) COMURHEX Malvesi High Temp COMURHEX Tricastin

  14. SAFETY ASPECT OF CONVERSION

  15. SAFETY ASPECT OF CONVERSION (2)

  16. ENRICHMENT • Prinsippengkayaan: meningkatkankandungan U-235 dalam Uranium alam • U-235 uranium alam kurang dari 0,7 % & PLTN (LWR) perlu U235 sekitar 3-5% u/ memperolehreaktivitas yang dibutuhkan • Tingkatanpengkayaan: - Pengkayaan uranium tingkatrendah , pengkayaan < 20 % - Pengkayaan uranium tktinggi ( 20 % s/d90 % ) • Duametode yang digunakan: - difusi gas berprinsippadapenggunaandifusimolekuleruntuk pemisahan. - sentrifugasi gas.

  17. ENRICHMENT FACILITY George Besse I EURODIF

  18. SAFETY ASPECT OF GASES DIFFUSION

  19. CENTRIFUGE

  20. SAFETY ASPECT OF GASES DIFFUSION

  21. FABRICATION Conversion, Pelletizing, Assembling

  22. FABRICATION Conversion, Pelletizing, Assembling

  23. FABRICATION

  24. SAFETY ASPECT OF FABRICATION

  25. SAFETY ASPECT OF FABRICATION Assembly

  26. REPROCESSING

  27. REPROCESSING

  28. SPENT FUEL STORAGE (INTERIM) • IPSB3 (BasahdanKering) • PersyaratanKeselamatan : - Lokasibebasbanjir - Tahanterhadapgempa - Sesuai dg kuantitas & karakteristik limbah, & pengendalianpencemaran. - Peralatanproteksiradiasi - Pemantauansecaraberkala - Sistempendingin & penahanradiasi ( khususlimbahradioaktitkttinggi).

  29. SPENT FUEL STORAGE • Lokasibebasbanjirdanerosi • Lokasitahangempa • Didesainmencegahkekritisan • Dilengkapisystpemantauradiasi danradioaktivitaslingkungan • Dilengkapi dg sistempendingin, penahanradiasi, sistemproteksi fisik

  30. PENUTUP • Jenisinstalasidaurbahanbakarnuklir • KegiatanUtamaInstalasi • AspekkeselamatanInstalasi • PotensiBahaya

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