Hosted by BERC and the City of Citrus Heights July 31, 2008

2. 2 Regulatory Roles California Air Resources Board Adopts vapor recovery system standards Certifies Phase I and Phase II systems Many federal, state and local agency jurisdictions overlap at gasoline dispensing facilities (GDFs). The ARB’s role is to set standards and specifications for vapor recovery systems and certify that systems sold in CA meet those standards. The State Water Resources Control Board operates the Underground Storage Tank program to prevent releases into the water supply. The water board regulations are enforced by local Certified Unified Program Agencies, or “CUPAs”. Air pollution control districts have the primary authority for control of emissions from stationary sources, which include service stations. APCDs permit these facilities and enforce vapor recovery rules. Other agencies which regulate GDFs include local fire districts and weights and measures.Many federal, state and local agency jurisdictions overlap at gasoline dispensing facilities (GDFs). The ARB’s role is to set standards and specifications for vapor recovery systems and certify that systems sold in CA meet those standards. The State Water Resources Control Board operates the Underground Storage Tank program to prevent releases into the water supply. The water board regulations are enforced by local Certified Unified Program Agencies, or “CUPAs”. Air pollution control districts have the primary authority for control of emissions from stationary sources, which include service stations. APCDs permit these facilities and enforce vapor recovery rules. Other agencies which regulate GDFs include local fire districts and weights and measures.

3. 3 Changes to Ozone Attainment Designations The new nonattainment areas (shown in burgundy) are: Inyo county San Luis Obispo county Siskiyou county Northern Sonoma county The new nonattainment areas (shown in burgundy) are: Inyo county San Luis Obispo county Siskiyou county Northern Sonoma county

4. 4 Air Pollution Impacts….

6. 6 “Why Enhanced Vapor Recovery?” Equipment in field not working as certified SIP Settlement Agreement Emission Reductions Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery (ORVR) EVR addresses all of these areas! These are the three main drivers for the EVR regulation. Districts alerted ARB that in-use equipment did not work well. This was confirmed by ARB-district audits conducted in 1999. ARB needed to beef up the certification program to better evaluate equipment. ARB and SCAQMD were also being sued by environmental groups to make up a shortfall in State Implementation Plan emission reductions. Especially needed were more reactive organic (ROG) emission reductions to reduce ozone formation. EVR provides estimated emission reductions of 25 ton/day statewide. Finally, the ORVR program mandated by the Feds was leading to excess emissions when ORVR cars were fueled with some assist systems. New standards were needed to ensure ORVR cars were compatible with existing Phase II systems. (ORVR/Phase II incompatibility is described on the next two slides.)These are the three main drivers for the EVR regulation. Districts alerted ARB that in-use equipment did not work well. This was confirmed by ARB-district audits conducted in 1999. ARB needed to beef up the certification program to better evaluate equipment. ARB and SCAQMD were also being sued by environmental groups to make up a shortfall in State Implementation Plan emission reductions. Especially needed were more reactive organic (ROG) emission reductions to reduce ozone formation. EVR provides estimated emission reductions of 25 ton/day statewide. Finally, the ORVR program mandated by the Feds was leading to excess emissions when ORVR cars were fueled with some assist systems. New standards were needed to ensure ORVR cars were compatible with existing Phase II systems. (ORVR/Phase II incompatibility is described on the next two slides.)

7. 7 EVR Improvements More stringent certification requirements “Dripless” nozzles – less spillage Control of fugitive emissions Better components – less system leaks Compatible with vapor recovery systems on newer vehicles (ORVR) Vapor recovery system monitor (ISD)

8. 8 GDF Vapor Recovery Benefits 16 billion gallons/year CA gasoline sales Uncontrolled emissions of 8.4 lbs of gasoline vapor for each 1000 gallons gasoline transferred 347 tons/day vapor recovery emission reductions from pre-EVR systems 25 tons/day from Enhanced Vapor Recovery Total Benefit: 372 tons/day or 120,000 gallons liquid gas/day or $480,000 savings/day ($4.00/gal) As I mentioned earlier, gasoline vapor controls at GDFs have been in place since the 1970s. Since that time, ARB has continued to improve the vapor recovery program to provide significant emission reductions of 347 TPD. The Enhanced Vapor Recovery or EVR regulations approved by ARB in March 2000 are currently being implemented and add an additional 25 TPD - for a total of 372 TPD.As I mentioned earlier, gasoline vapor controls at GDFs have been in place since the 1970s. Since that time, ARB has continued to improve the vapor recovery program to provide significant emission reductions of 347 TPD. The Enhanced Vapor Recovery or EVR regulations approved by ARB in March 2000 are currently being implemented and add an additional 25 TPD - for a total of 372 TPD.

9. 9 EVR for ASTs: The EVR requirements at this time apply only to gasoline dispensing facilities with underground storage tanks. We are working on similar requirements for facilities with aboveground storage tanks. To learn more about EVR for ASTs, you can visit our website.The EVR requirements at this time apply only to gasoline dispensing facilities with underground storage tanks. We are working on similar requirements for facilities with aboveground storage tanks. To learn more about EVR for ASTs, you can visit our website.

10. 10 Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery or “ORVR” The second wave of EVR upgrades is associated with making Phase II vapor recovery systems compatible with ORVR vehicles. Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery, or ORVR, provides for collection of the refueling vapors in a carbon canister on the vehicle. It performs the same function as a Phase II vapor recovery system for newer cars. If you drive a newer car, chances are it has ORVR. (mouse click). Here is the phase-in schedule for ORVR. As you can see for the 2006 model year, all passenger, light duty and medium duty vehicles have ORVR.The second wave of EVR upgrades is associated with making Phase II vapor recovery systems compatible with ORVR vehicles. Onboard Refueling Vapor Recovery, or ORVR, provides for collection of the refueling vapors in a carbon canister on the vehicle. It performs the same function as a Phase II vapor recovery system for newer cars. If you drive a newer car, chances are it has ORVR. (mouse click). Here is the phase-in schedule for ORVR. As you can see for the 2006 model year, all passenger, light duty and medium duty vehicles have ORVR.

11. 11 ORVR - Phase II Incompatibility Field tests show that some assist systems are not compatible with ORVR vehicles. Vapor that would normally be recovered by Phase II is instead collected on the vehicle canister. However, the Phase II vapor pump is still working. Since vapor is not available, the Phase II system draws in air . The air becomes saturated with gasoline => increase in volume => excess emissions out the vent. EVR requires that Phase II systems be compatible. Ways to do this include 1) smart system that turns off vapor pump upon recognizing ORVR vehicles or 2) add vapor processor to handle vapor growth.Field tests show that some assist systems are not compatible with ORVR vehicles. Vapor that would normally be recovered by Phase II is instead collected on the vehicle canister. However, the Phase II vapor pump is still working. Since vapor is not available, the Phase II system draws in air . The air becomes saturated with gasoline => increase in volume => excess emissions out the vent. EVR requires that Phase II systems be compatible. Ways to do this include 1) smart system that turns off vapor pump upon recognizing ORVR vehicles or 2) add vapor processor to handle vapor growth.

12. 12 US EPA “widespread use” of ORVR Vehicles Phase II systems are required by federal, state and local agencies US EPA may allow removal of Phase II vapor recovery systems in next 10 years CA expects to keep Phase II systems until 2020 or longer to maintain emission reductions

13. 13 ORVR Penetration (VMT) (2008) As of this year, ORVR systems control about 60% of the transfer emissions during vehicle refueling. Based on our projections, however, Phase II systems at gas stations will continue to be necessary for emission control until at least 2020. As of this year, ORVR systems control about 60% of the transfer emissions during vehicle refueling. Based on our projections, however, Phase II systems at gas stations will continue to be necessary for emission control until at least 2020.

14. 14 Phase II EVR 2009 Deadline 10,000 GDFs have 8 months to upgrade to EVR Phase II systems! Obtain permits Purchase equipment Install using certified contractor Potential contractor shortage if wait until last minute See Advisory 373

15. 15 EVR Phase II Deadline Extensions ARB Executive Officer can modify effective dates when no certified vapor recovery systems are available to meet current standards CP-201, Section 2.4.4 Three situations identified that qualify for EVR Phase II extensions

16. 16 Bulk Plant – GDF Combination Executive Order G-70-210 provides extension until April 1, 2011

17. 17 GDFs with Condensate Traps Also known as vapor pots, thief ports, knock-out pots, etc. Expect certified system by April 2009 Extension until April 1, 2010 (G-70-211)

18. 18 E85 Phase II ARB 2/20/08 letter encourages districts to revise rules to exempt Phase II from E85 dispensing No Phase II equipment certified for E85 Executive Order will provide extension for EVR Phase II for E85 dispensing until April 2011

19. 19 Balance System EVR Replacement Parts Advisory 374 (6/30/08) Replacement of balance system hanging hardware after November 1, 2008 to meet EVR standards Includes balance nozzles, hoses and break-aways

20. 20 EVR Phase II Certified Systems Two EVR Phase II systems certified Healy EVR Phase II System (assist) Not including ISD: VR-201 Including ISD: VR-202 VST EVR Phase II System (balance) Not including ISD: VR-203 Including ISD: VR-204 ! No other Phase II EVR until 4th quarter 2008! ARB has certified two EVR Phase II system thus far, the Healy EVR Phase II system and the VST Phase II EVR System. These are the only Phase II options for new facilities and facilities undergoing Phase II major modifications. ARB has certified two EVR Phase II system thus far, the Healy EVR Phase II system and the VST Phase II EVR System. These are the only Phase II options for new facilities and facilities undergoing Phase II major modifications.

21. 21 Healy EVR Phase II System

22. 22 Healy Clean Air Separator (CAS)

23. 23 Healy Clean Air Separator (CAS)

24. 24 Healy Clean Air Separator

25. 25 Healy Clean Air Separator

26. 26 Healy Clean Air Separator

27. 27 CAS Enclosures

28. 28 Another Option: Horizontal CAS

29. 29 VST EVR Phase II System

30. 30 VST Processor Operation

31. 31 VST EVR Phase II System

32. 32 Processor Site Requirements NFPA 30A, Chapter 10 Located outside of buildings 10 ft from adjacent property lines that can be built upon 20 ft from dispensing devices When required distances cannot be achieved, then other means may be used to protect against fire exposure

33. 33

34. 34 In-Station Diagnostics (ISD) Identifies failures automatically Notifies station operator Reduces emissions by early detection and prompt repair Supplements district inspections Concept similar to OBD for vehicles Tie-in to existing UST leak monitors

35. 35 ISD Implementation Deadlines ISD is being implemented in two stages. The first stage is facilities with gasoline throughputs greater than 1.8 million gallons per year (monthly throughput 150,000). New facilities and sites undergoing major modifications at these high throughput sites have been required to have ISD starting in September of 2005. Existing sites have until Sept. 2009 to upgrade to EVR Phase II systems with ISD. The second phase of ISD began in Sept. 2006 for sites with throughputs between 600,000 and 1.8 million gal/year (50,000 – 150,000 monthly). Existing facilities in this throughput category have until Sept. 2010 to add ISD systems. And finally, low-throughput site with less than 600,000 gal/yr are exempt from ISD requirements. ISD is being implemented in two stages. The first stage is facilities with gasoline throughputs greater than 1.8 million gallons per year (monthly throughput 150,000). New facilities and sites undergoing major modifications at these high throughput sites have been required to have ISD starting in September of 2005. Existing sites have until Sept. 2009 to upgrade to EVR Phase II systems with ISD. The second phase of ISD began in Sept. 2006 for sites with throughputs between 600,000 and 1.8 million gal/year (50,000 – 150,000 monthly). Existing facilities in this throughput category have until Sept. 2010 to add ISD systems. And finally, low-throughput site with less than 600,000 gal/yr are exempt from ISD requirements.

36. 36 How ISD Works Monitors Two Primary VRS Functions: Collection of Vapors during Fueling ISD flow monitor Containment of Vapors in UST system ISD pressure monitor ISD leak test ISD monitors two key functions of the vapor recovery system. The first is to check to make sure vapors are being adequately collected at the nozzle/vehicle interface during fueling. The current ISD system measures vapor return using a flowmeter installed in the dispenser. Specifics on the ISD equipment will be discussed in a later presentation. The second key function of vapor recovery is to contain gasoline vapors in the underground storage tank. The ISD system includes a pressure monitor to check compliance with UST pressure limits. The pressure monitor works together with other system information to verify that the UST system does not have significant leaks. ISD monitors two key functions of the vapor recovery system. The first is to check to make sure vapors are being adequately collected at the nozzle/vehicle interface during fueling. The current ISD system measures vapor return using a flowmeter installed in the dispenser. Specifics on the ISD equipment will be discussed in a later presentation. The second key function of vapor recovery is to contain gasoline vapors in the underground storage tank. The ISD system includes a pressure monitor to check compliance with UST pressure limits. The pressure monitor works together with other system information to verify that the UST system does not have significant leaks.

37. 37 ISD Sensors

38. 38 Veeder-Root TLS-350

39. 39 INCON ISD System Second ISD option for Franklin/Healy EVR Phase II System

40. 40 Total Estimated Cost for EVR Phase II and ISD

41. 41 RUST program Limited funding remaining for FY 08-09 Fund covers Enhanced Vapor Recovery and electronic monitoring system (ISD) Grants: $3,000 to $50,000 Loans: $10,000 to $750,000 www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/ustcf/rust.shtml

42. 42 Permitting EVR Upgrades EVR Phase II upgrades involve more permitting agencies than previous EVR upgrades. Planning is concerned about processor appearance CUPAs concerned that ISD upgrade could affect UST monitoring system

43. 43 “evrhome” Website www.evrhome.org Information resource for GDF operators, contractors, and local agencies Will populate with identified EVR contacts for each agency New information added weekly

44. 44 EVR Contacts EVR Regulations - Cindy Castronovo ccastron@arb.ca.gov (916) 322-8957 EVR Certification - Pat Bennett pbennett@arb.ca.gov (916) 322-8959 ISD and AST certification – George Lew glew@arb.ca.gov (916) 327-0900 In-Use Vapor Recovery - Ranjit Bhullar rbhullar@arb.ca.gov (916) 322-0223 www.arb.ca.gov/vapor/vapor.htm www.evrhome.org Contact infoContact info

45. 45 Questions?