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PRESENTATION ON “OPEN ACCESS – ELECTRICITY ACT 2003” TO THE OFFICERS OF

PRESENTATION ON “OPEN ACCESS – ELECTRICITY ACT 2003” TO THE OFFICERS OF KARNATAKA ELECTRICITY BOARD On POWER ENGINEERS’ DAY 23 RD January, 2005. by V.K. Agrawal SRLDC, Bangalore. PRESENTATION OVERVIEW. GRID OPERATION – AN OVERVIEW

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PRESENTATION ON “OPEN ACCESS – ELECTRICITY ACT 2003” TO THE OFFICERS OF

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  1. PRESENTATION ON “OPEN ACCESS – ELECTRICITY ACT 2003” TO THE OFFICERS OF KARNATAKA ELECTRICITY BOARD On POWER ENGINEERS’ DAY 23RD January, 2005 by V.K. Agrawal SRLDC, Bangalore

  2. PRESENTATION OVERVIEW • GRID OPERATION – AN OVERVIEW • ELECTRICITY ACT 2003 – STIPULATIONS ON OPEN ACCESS • OPEN ACCESS – REGULATIONS BY CERC • SHORT TERM OPEN ACCESS – EXPERIENCE SO FAR • SHORT TERM OPEN ACCESS – CASE STUDIES • SHORT TERM OPEN ACCESS – TYPICAL ISSUES • OPEN ACCESS – CHALLENGES AND TASKS AHEAD

  3. THANK YOU

  4. REGIONAL GRIDSQUICK FACTS

  5. REGIONAL GRIDS INSTALLED CAPACITY NORTHERN :- 31,230 MW EASTERN :- 17,697 MW SOUTHERN :- 31,931 MW WESTERN :- 32,354 MW NORTH-EASTERN :- 2,357 MW TOTAL 115,569 MW NORTHERN REGION NORTH-EASTERN REGION EASTERN REGION WESTERNREGION SOUTHERN REGION

  6. ‘ ELECTRICAL’ REGIONS 1 NORTHERN REGION NORTH-EASTERN REGION EASTERN REGION 2 WESTERNREGION 3 SOUTHERN REGION SAME FREQUENCY FROM GUJARAT TO ARUNACHAL PRADESH WITH EFFECT FROM MARCH 2003 ABOUT 2800 KMS! APART

  7. ‘ELECTRICAL’ REGIONS NORTHERN REGION 1 NORTH-EASTERN REGION EASTERN REGION WESTERNREGION 2 SOUTHERN REGION WITH THE COMMISSIONING OF THE TALA PROJECT CONNECTING THE EASTERN AND NORTHERN GRIDS, INDIA WILL HAVE ONLY TWO GRIDS

  8. Growth of installed capacity for electricity in India

  9. Sourcewise composition of installed capacity in India(1,15,569 in 2004)

  10. ANDHRA PRADESH KARNATAKA TAMIL NADU KERALA SOUTHERN REGION – GEOGRAPHY POPULATION :- 22.5 CRORES ( 22% OF INDIA) AREA :- 651 (‘000 SQ KM)(19% OF INDIA) INSTALLED CAPACITY:- 31,931 MW(27.6%) WEATHER :- South-west monsoon North-east monsoon SEA COAST :- AROUND 4000 KM

  11. GROWTH OF INSTALLED CAPACITY OF SR IN MW Average Growth ~ 5 %

  12. INSTALLED CAPACITY IN SR The above capacity does not includes --- About 1344 MW of Wind Mill Capacity in Tamil Nadu. --- Micro and Captive plants in different states.

  13. SOURCE-WISE INSTALLED CAPACITY OF SR IN MW NUCLEAR OTHERS WIND HYDRO GAS THERMAL 31,931 MW

  14. GENERATING UNITS IN SOUTHERN REGION A.P TYPICAL GENERATOR SPREAD IN SR KAR - HYDRO - THERMAL KER TN GENERATORS ABOVE 1000 MW - GAS / NAPTHA GENERATORS 500 – 1000 MW - NUCLEAR GENERATORS BELOW 500 MW

  15. TYPICAL LOAD SPREAD IN SR LOAD 500-1200 MW LOAD 200-500 MW

  16. TYPICAL LOAD CURVE OF SR EVENING PEAK SUMMER WINTER MONSOON WEATHER RESERVOIR CONSUMPTION

  17. GRID OPERATIONTYPICAL ISSUES IN THE PAST

  18. GRID OPERATION – TYPICAL ISSUES IN PAST • LOW / HIGH FREQUENCY PROBLEMS • FREQUENCY EXCURSES TO LOW/HIGH VALUES • LOW / HIGH VOLTAGE OPERATION • CRITICALLY LOW VOLTAGES AT LOAD CENTRES • SUBSTANTIALLY HIGH VOLTAGES AT FAR ENDS • SYSTEM BROWNOUTS / BLACK OUTS • SEPERATION OF SYSTEMS / LOSS OF LOAD • ECONOMIC IN-STABILITY / INCREASED ELECTRICAL LOSSES • UNRELIABLE / INEFFICIENT OPERATION OF EQUIPMENT ...THE END RESULT :

  19. GRID PRESENT STATUS

  20. GRID OPERATION –PRESENT STATUS • STABILISED SYSTEM FREQUENCY • IMPROVED VOLTAGES • MERIT ORDER OPERATION • INTER REGIONAL EXCHANGES • IMPROVED GRID SECURITY JAN - 02 JAN - 03 Vol

  21. GRID PRESENT STATUSCARDINAL EVENTS

  22. GRID PRESENT STATUS -- CARDINAL EVENTS UI • AVAILABILITY BASED TARIFF • UNIFIED LOAD DESPATCH SCHEME • GENERATION ADDITION • INTERREGIONAL AC / HVDC LINKS • OPERATIONAL EXELLANCE SCHD DRWL ...THESE EVENTS CHANGED THE FACE OF GRID OPERATION

  23. MONSOONS SOUTH WEST MONSOON NORTH EAST MONSOON

  24. GRID OPERATION: A TIGHT ROPE WALK POWER SWINGS INSTABILITY INCREASED LOSSES BLACK-OUT IN-ECONOMIC OPERATION VOLTAGE COLLAPSE

  25. STABILISED SYSTEM FREQUENCY • TYPICAL FREQUENCY CURVE • SCATTER DIAGRAM • HISTOGRAM OF FREQUENCY • FREQUENCY DURATION CURVE • Df/dT CURVE • RECORD FVI OF 0.04

  26. FREQUENCY PROFILE 2002, 2003&2004

  27. 2004 2003 2002 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100

  28. Voltage at Bangalore Jan 02 & 03

  29. ABOUT 16000 MW OF CAPACITY IS BELOW 300 Ps ABOUT14200 MW OF CAPACITY IS BELOW 200 Ps CUM. INS. CAP. ABOUT 7000 MW OF CAPACITY IS BELOW 100 Ps

  30. 49.72 HZ

  31. MERIT ORDER : UNITS BOXED UP

  32. SHARP PEAK DEEP VALLEY DEEP VALLEY

  33. KADAMPARAI PUMP OPERATION SAVINGS OF RS 40 LAKHS EVERY DAY INVESTMENT OF 1600 CRORES SAVED GENERATOR MODE PUMP PUMP THE PUMP MODE WAS NOT UTILISED SINCE INCEPTION!!!

  34. OPPORTUNISTIC UI TRADE POWER EXPORT TO WR ON UI BASIS DURING LOAD CRASH FREQ

  35. FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 12-DEC-04 SHARAVATHI -1 FREQ DROP FROM 49.72 HZ TO 49.27 HZ i.e. ~ 0.45HZ

  36. FREE GOVERNOR MODE OF OPERATION ON 12-DEC-04 SHARAVATHI -4 FREQ DROP FROM 49.72 HZ TO 49.27 HZ i.e. ~ 0.45HZ

  37. OPTIMAL RESERVOIR UTILISATIONSHARAVATHY IN KARNATAKA THE COST OF GENERATION AT SHARAVATHY IS LESS THAN 20 Ps /UNIT AVERAGE SELLING UI RATE OF KARNATAKA IS 372 Ps/UNIT Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. PLANT OPERATORS AT SHARAVATHY THINK OF THE RESERVOIR LEVEL IN RUPEES RATHER THAN IN FEET!!! Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs. Rs.

  38. MAJOR AND MINOR DISTURBANCES SINCE 1994 NO DISTURBANCES DESPITE LOSING ENTIRE SUPER GENERATING PLANTS LIKERAMAGUNDAM,VIJAYAWADA,KOTHAGUDEM, NORTH CHENNAI, SHARAVATHY ETC

  39. INTER-REGIONAL EXCHANGES DETAILS UPTO 105 WKS (Till 26.12.04)

  40. SUMMARY OF UI – 105 WKS(FROM 01/JAN/03 TO 02/JAN/05)

  41. UI IN SR (FROM 01/01/03 TO 02/01/05) • TOTAL UI TURNOVER :- 6394 MU • TOTAL UI AMOUNT DISBURSED:- 1245 CR • AVG WEEKLY TRANSACTION:- 60 MU • AVG WEEKLY UI AMOUNT DISBURSED:- 12 CR

  42. Back

  43. SLDC SLDC SLDC SUB LDC SUB LDC SUB LDC RTU RTU RTU Unified Grid Operation National Level NLDC Regional Level ERLDC WRLDC NRLDC SRLDC NERLDC 5 Nos. State HQ Level 32 Nos. Group / Distt Level 51 Nos. Plant / Sub- Station Level 1160 Nos.

  44. Hierarchy of The ULDC Scheme in Southern Region RLDC,Bangalore SCC, Pondy CPCC Hyderabad Kalamassery Chennai Bangalore Andhra Kerala Tamilnadu Karnataka Bangalore Hyderabad Kalam’erry Chennai Lingusugur Cuddapah Kannur Erode Warangal Trivandrum Madurai Hubli Vijayawada

  45. Southern Region Grid Complexities in Monitoring & Control Integrated Opn of Ten Power Utilities Annual Inter-Regional Energy Transfer ≈10,000MU Generators –Hydro, Thermal,Gas/IPP 422 nos. Transmission Network 400/220kV ≈ 37500 Ckm Installed Capacity ≈31870 MW 40,000 POINTS Active Power, Reactive Power, Voltage, Frequency, Transformer Tap Position, Circuit Breaker Position, Isolator Position etc. Transformation Capacity ≈ 45000 MVA Transformers (220kV and above) 480 nos. Dynamic Grid Conditions

  46. GROWTH OF INSTALLED CAPACITY OF SR IN MW Average Growth ~ 5 %

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