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Section 2 World War I: A New Kind of War

Section 2 World War I: A New Kind of War. By: Dwight Clouse, Stephanie Musselman, Dustin College, Lynae Fisher. WW1 Preview. Words to know. Propaganda - Idea's,facts or rumors spread deliberatley to further ones cause or damge an opposing cause.

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Section 2 World War I: A New Kind of War

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  1. Section 2World WarI: A New Kindof War By:Dwight Clouse, Stephanie Musselman, Dustin College, Lynae Fisher

  2. WW1 Preview

  3. Words to know • Propaganda - Idea's,facts or rumors spread deliberatley to further ones cause or damge an opposing cause. • War of Attrition - Where each side tries to outlast the oppponent. • U-Boats - german engineeringcame up with the U-Boats whichs means "Underwater Boats" also equipped with torpedos for self defence.

  4. More words to know • Contraband - war materials supplied by a neutral nation to a belligerant one. • Astrocities - brutal acts of crimes, often commited against civilians

  5. TheBelligerents: • Central Powers • Germany, Austria – Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman. • Since their territory extend from the North Sea to the Middle East communication was rather easy and they could move troops very rapidly. • Allied Powers • Great Britain, France, Russia. • They also had some advantages because of more soldiers and greater industrial capacity. • Also had the Britain’s Navy the largest in the world. • Eventually 32 countries made up the Allied Powers.

  6. Innovations In Warfare: • WW1 was an industrialized war. • Mass-produced weapons • German U-boats (Unterseebooten- underwater boats) • Poison gas • New guns : machine guns and long range artillery • Airplanes • British tanks • Soldiers • Total War • Propaganda

  7. German U-Boats: Machine Gun From WW1: Red Baron: Propaganda: WW1 Airplanes: British WW1 Tanks:

  8. Early Years of the War: • Germany attacks France- September 1914.  • Russia attacks German forces- major losses occur. • Fighting in Gallipoli • Russia needed guns and ammo. Great Britian and France sent battleships to bombard the Ottoman artillery on the Gallipoli Penninsula.  EPIC FAIL, went on shore for 8 months, both sides lost many. Allies withdrew. •  Naval Warfare •  British set up a blockade to keep supplies from getting to Germany. Germany set up a blockade of U-boats to sink ships taking supplies to the British. May 1915, German U-boats sank the Lusitania. • Battle of Jutland in the NorthSea off the Denmark coast.

  9. Early Years of the War Continued: •  Naval Warfare •  British set up a blockade to keep supplies from getting to Germany. germany set up a blockade of U-boats to sink ships taking supplies to the British. May 1915, German U-boats sank the Lusitania. • Battle of Jutland in the NorthSea off the Denmark coast. • The Stalemate • By late 1915 both sides had come to a stalemate. The war had turned into a "war of attrition."

  10. The Lusitania • Ocean liner owned by the Cunard Line • built by John Brown and Company of Clydebank, Scotland • torpedoed by a German U-boat on 7 May 1915 • sank in 18 minutes, eight miles off the Old Head of Kinsale, Ireland, killing 1,198 of the 1,959 people aboard (128 Americans) • Turned public opinion in many countries against Germany, and provoked the United States into joining World War I. • Considered the second most famous civilian passenger liner disaster, after the sinking of the RMS Titanic

  11. The Lusitania

  12. The United States and World War I: • President Wilson stated in 1914 that the United States should remain neutral. • We supplied food, raw material, and amunition to both sides.  • However, America started mainly trading with the allies.  • Germany wanted alliance with Mexico • Promised to help retaking Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. • British intercepted and decoded the telegram.

  13. United States Enters the War • Russia overthrew the autocratic government.  • Major Allied countries moved towards democracy. • None of the central powers moved towards democracy. • 1917 congress declared war on Germany

  14. Women were often a positive influence for the soldiers. While the men were gone, women worked in block mills and on the family farms. About 80,000 women joined the Britsish army as noncombatants. Odd Fact: Women started wearing pants during WW1. Women During WWI Women served as messengers to get messages from one camp to another. Many women nurses were needed during the war because of a large number of soldiers being wounded or obtaining diseases.

  15. Advantages/Disadvantages • Allied Powers • Americans - industrial and production power • Britain - most powerful navy, one of the major world powers • "Ultra Secret" • High resource supply • A better balance of technological expertise • Central Powers • Italy - (first country to use aircraft in military missions) had a more superior airforce • Germany - larger armed forces using modern weapons and modern tactics • More enthusiastic

  16. New Technologies of WW1 • military aviation - the single greatest change to come out of WWI • the tank - deciding factor in the end of trench warfare • tanks were able to cross trenches easily • The field phone and wireless were both used in WWI • limited effectiveness • The submarine - used to some extent by German • technology was still very primative • internal combustion gasoline engine was used • Chemical weapons were used on a wide scale for the first time • with mixed effectiveness

  17. Better Illustrations

  18. "Harleys have been a part of the mobile American landscape almost since the first day someone decided to try strapping an internal combustion engine to a bicycle. By the advent of WWI, Harley Davidson was a well known name among several US motorcycle manufacturers." The Harley Arrives

  19. The "Ultra Secret" In 1938 a German defected from Nazi Germany with the "Enigma machine" blue prints to Britain. • deciphering machine for Nazi Germany who later sold these to their allies, the Japanese We could decipher their messages and translate them to English usually before their own people could.

  20. Why Join The War? The Zimmerman Note     Telegram between Germany and Mexico The Lusitania     Sunk by German submarine

  21. The U-Boat • U-boat (undersea boat) refers to military submarines operated by Germany • particularly in World War I and World War II • most effectively used in an economic-warfare role (Commerce raiding), enforcing a naval blockade against enemy shipping • the primary targets of the U-boat campaigns in both wars were the merchant convoys bringing supplies from the British Empire and the United States to the islands of Great Britain. • Austrian submarines of World War I were also known as U-boats

  22. The Zimmerman Note • Supposedly intercepted by the British that came from Germany to be sent to Mexico • Mexico "could reclaim Texas if Mexico helped the Axis to defeat the US." • Later, the note was argued to be phony when (after the war) British authorities failed to produce the actual telegraph but it did inflame anti German feelings in the USA and helped the president decide to declare war.

  23. Rare WW1 Footage

  24. Review Question #1 What Avantages did each side have during WW1?

  25. Review Question #2 How did each new technology affect the way in which WW1 was fought?

  26. Review Question #3 What led the United States to join the Allied Powers?

  27. The End Thanks For Watching!

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