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The Importance of Design

The Importance of Design. The Eiffel Tower. Who Design – Gustave Eiffel Structure - Maurice Koechlin & - Émile Nouguier Workers - 300 What- 324m metal Structure When – Built 1887- 1889 Where- Paris, France. Why – Entrance to World Fair. Structure Facts. 81 floors

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The Importance of Design

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  1. The Importance of Design

  2. The Eiffel Tower • Who • Design – Gustave Eiffel • Structure - Maurice Koechlin & - ÉmileNouguier • Workers - 300 • What- 324m metal Structure • When – Built 1887- 1889 • Where- Paris, France. • Why – Entrance to World Fair

  3. Structure Facts • 81 floors • 500, 000 rivets • 18, 038 pieces of iron • 7300 tonnes metal TOTAL 10, 000 tonnes (cars) • DESIGN

  4. In the 19th Century • Highly criticised • Permit for 20 years (Lease) • Goes to City to be pulled down.

  5. Days to Day facts • Most paid visited monument in the World • Used to prove wind resistance (surface area) • Expands 18cm with heat • By 1889- 75% of revenue had been recouped (1.9 million guests in the first 5.5 months)

  6. Eiffel Layout • 324m high • 125m wide • Google Earth view • 4 platforms • 2 restaurants : second floor, 120 seats & first floor, 200 people with different decor • Dress code • 1 snack-bar- first and second floors1 bar- first floor • Dress code • Next to a river/ parks- not next to houses. • Design- see through • Safety/ security- lifts & fences/ guards. • All services- water, food. • Entry- car parks, traffic.

  7. TASK • Design ourown Cafe to be built in or on or near the Eiffel Tower. • Who- are my customers/ staff • What- is to be served/ the image • When- will it be open • Where- will it be located • Why- Why is this way chosen • How- will it look?

  8. DECIDE • Walls or windows? Cost? Benefits/ Losses • Many seats or few seats? Benefits/ Losses • Kitchen or no kitchen? Benefits/ Losses • Plants or no plants? Benefits/ Losses • Table settings cheap or expensive? Benefits/ Losses

  9. The (Gustave) Eiffel Tower continues

  10. Start of the 20th Century • 1905 – Used as a radio tower (prev. Demolition?) • 1910 - Cosmic rays discovered (small energy particles in the air) • 1914 - German Radio transmitter jammed by tower device in WW1 • 1925 – Advertising for Citroen • 1940 –Cables cut so Hitler had to climb the lift • Hitler ordered E.T. To be demolished- order disobeyed

  11. Beyond the 1950’s • 1950 – Mass held on the firs floor • 1957 – Radio tower added • 1980’s – Restaurant dismantled from within tower and sent to New Orleans. 11, 000 pieces • 1987 – Bunjee jumper- arrested. • 2000 – NYE display • 2002 – 200, 000, 000 visitor • 2004- Skating rink for 1 month • Still today- Radio and TV broadcast from E.T.

  12. Tower Competitions • Flying over the tower • Flying under the tower • 1905 – Fastest person up the stairs • 1923 – Bike ride down the stairs • 1983 – Motorbike up and down the stairs • 2004 – Mountain bike up • 2005 – Wheelchair down the stairs • Elephant walk to the first floor • Victor Lustig sold E.T. for scrap metal- wasn’t for sale

  13. References • http://simplebrowser.blogspot.com/2009/02/construction-of-eiffel-tower-in.html • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiffel_Tower • http://books.google.com/books?id=wYbt_U_FjWgC&pg=PA68&lpg=PA68&dq=eiffel+tower++aeroplane+radio+transmissions&source=bl&ots=dS6kwYN2-X&sig=iW_GMEK1leai02pMx2bXfZiQA-o&hl=en&ei=BC-6TdKlFoLE0QHsvJmAAQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=3&ved=0CCsQ6AEwAg#v=onepage&q&f=false • http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.faqs.org/photo-dict/photofiles/list/374/1897scroll.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.faqs.org/photo-dict/phrase/374/scroll.html&usg=__HXnpx84wRTGSoB4e0hvayxtjpFg=&h=466&w=700&sz=77&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=0pJhk45ccjlOZM:&tbnh=133&tbnw=195&ei=iMS6TcDrBYW0vwO6upyEBg&prev=/search%3Fq%3DScroll%26hl%3Den%26biw%3D1280%26bih%3D596%26gbv%3D2%26tbm%3Disch&itbs=1&iact=hc&vpx=503&vpy=129&dur=59&hovh=183&hovw=275&tx=125&ty=93&page=1&ndsp=24&ved=1t:429,r:3,s:0

  14. Dearest Great-Great-Great-Great- Great- Great Grandchildren, I know you are many years away from the world we are in now, we have horses to travel, and candles for light, and ink-wells to keep ink on our pens with which I write this to you now. Someday, you will turn 14, alike all of your cousins around you. When you turn 14, this tower may become yours, with 3 friends- all that I require for you to inherit this Tower is to have the best purpose for it. For many years it has been a place for eating and seeing our beautiful city of Paris from above- however, if people no-longer wish to eat on the tower, and view the city from the tower, I fear the tower may be no-more. One of you will inherit this Tower, should your cousins feel your idea is the best, it shall become yours. I wish you all the best as the keepers of the Eiffel Tower, the design should still be firm, you may modify it, or you may keep it as it is- all I ask is the tower lives for your Great Grandchildren to see it also. Sincerely, Gustave Eiffel

  15. ACTIVITY • Think of 3 ideas (1 min) • Compare with partner- pick the best (2min) • Who, What, When, Where, Why & How. (2min) • Discuss Idea with another pair (2 mins) • Best Idea is presented to class by group

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