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Baroque Art

Baroque Art. Professor A. D’Ascoli. Baroque Era. 1611 King James Bible is published 1612 Foundation of New York by the Dutch 1618 Beginning of the Thirty Years' War, which devastates much of the German region 1619 First African slaves in Virginia 1636 Foundation of Harvard College.

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Baroque Art

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  1. Baroque Art Professor A. D’Ascoli

  2. Baroque Era • 1611 King James Bible is published • 1612 Foundation of New York by the Dutch • 1618 Beginning of the Thirty Years' War, which devastates much of the German region • 1619 First African slaves in Virginia • 1636 Foundation of Harvard College

  3. Baroque Art Characteristics • Symmetry still applies in architecture • Classical themes are replaced by religious ones in the classical style • Ornate, rich, lavish decorations inside and even outside • Attempt to show power of the Church • Emotional and violent portrayals • Strong contrast between light and dark colors • Trompe l’oiel (fool the eye) painted illusions

  4. Baroque Art • St Peter’s façade • 1607 – 1615 • Rome, Italy • Artist: Carlo Maderno • Changed Michelangelo’s Greek cross plan to Latin cross to accommodate large crowds • Largest of any church in Europe • Uses symmetrical order to connect the stories • Grand theatrical work to evoke power of Pope

  5. Baroque Art • Plaza di San Pietro • 1657 • Rome, Italy • Artist: Gianlorenzo Bernini • Plaza and colonnade represent the outstretched arms of the church encircling the faithful • Fountains align exactly

  6. Baroque Art • Baldacchino • Rome, Italy • 1624 – 1633 • Artist: Bernini • Altar that sits directly over St. Peter’s tomb • Bronze that this is made of was taken from the Pantheon’s roof by order of Barberini family

  7. Baroque Art • David • 1623 • Rome, Italy • Artist: Bernini • David caught in the middle of hurling the stone • Amazing skill is seen here in the expression, clothing and details of muscles and veins

  8. Baroque Art • Blessed Ludovica Albertoni • 1671-1674 • Rome, Italy • In San Francesco in Ripa • Shows her dying but in religious ecstasy at the same time • Not a saint yet, just beatified – claimed she could levitate and perform miracles

  9. Baroque Art • St. Theresa in Ecstasy • 1645 – 1652 • Rome, Italy • Artist: Bernini • Moment when angel is piercing St Theresa’s heart with the arrow of pure love of God, her face in divine pleasure (almost erotic)

  10. Bernini

  11. Bernini

  12. Baroque Art

  13. Baroque Art • San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane • 1638 – 1667 • Rome, Italy • Artist: Francesco Borromini • Church is on an intersection of narrow streets upon each corner is a fountain • Curvilinear surface is a unique aspect of Borromini’s work • Unique space called for unique church – columns of a made up classical order

  14. Francesco Borromini dome of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane Rome, Italy 1665-1676 Dove painted in center represents the Holy Spirit

  15. Francesco Borromini Chapel of Saint Ivo College of the Sapienza Rome, Italy begun 1642 Most famous architect of the Baroque – he and Bernini were rivals

  16. Guarino Guarini Chapel of Santissima Sindone Turin, Italy 1667-1694 The Shroud of Turin rests here

  17. Baroque Art • Calling of St. Matthew • 1599 – 1602 • Rome, Italy • Artist: Caravaggio • Seated at a bar St Matthew is called to Jesus • The use of light makes this into a religious experience • Christ’s halo is barely visible • Tenebrism – in a dark manner

  18. Caravaggio Conversion of Saint Paul Cerasi Chapel, Santa Maria del PopoloRome, Italy ca. 1601oil on canvasapproximately 7 ft. 6 in. x 5 ft. 9 in. Caravaggio is considered the greatest of the Italian Baroque painters

  19. Baroque Art • The Entombment • 1603 • Rome, Italy • Artist: Caravaggio • The stone slab is placed at eye height to give the viewer the sense that he/she is in the tomb ready to receive Christ’s body • Self portrait snuck in here • Caravaggio’s saints are regular people – common looking – an aspect that got him in a lot of trouble during his career

  20. Caravaggio David Victorious over Goliath oil on canvas43 1/4 x 35 7/8 in. Heavily influenced his pupil Gentileschi

  21. Baroque Art • Judith Slaying Holofernes • 1620 • Rome, Italy • Artist: Artemesia Gentilischi • In the style of Caravaggio’s tenebrism • She was a female artist • The light is used as a sort of spotlight to the main characters in the work • A lot of her art portrayed violence – many say associated with her being sexually assaulted at 15

  22. Artemisia Gentileschi Judith and her Maidservant ca. 1612-1613oil on canvas44 7/8 x 36 13/16 in. Note head in the basket

  23. Baroque Art • Triumph of St. Ignatius Loyola • 1691 – 1694 • Rome, Italy • Artist: Fra Andrea Pozzo • Ceiling of Sant’Ignazio in Rome • Illusionist Baroque style – flat ceiling line is gone – looks like it goes up into space

  24. Triumph of St. Ignatius

  25. Baroque Art • The Bedroom • 1663 • Netherlands • Artist: Pieter de Hooch • Baroque Dutch painting focused on details of everyday life • Painting above doorway to show art is in everyday life

  26. Baroque Art • Jolly Toper • 1628 – 1630 • Amsterdam, Netherlands • Artist: Frans Hals • Spontaneity is captured here instead of the usual stiff seated portraits • Balancing a glass of wine in one hand and gesturing with the other • He did not blend the brushstrokes

  27. Baroque Art • Boy Playing a Flute • 1630 – 1635 • Amsterdam, Netherlands • Artist: Judith Leyster • A follower of Hals • Depicted animated scenes from daily life like this one • Use of light and shadow

  28. Baroque Art • The Night Watch • 1642 • Amsterdam, Netherlands • Artist: Rembrandt • The event painted took place in the morning but years of candle soot and age caused it to be known as the Night Watch in error due to its darkening • All men in the painting paid equally for its commission • Composed along diagonal lines

  29. Baroque Art • Christ Preaching • 1652 • Amsterdam, Netherlands • Artist: Rembrandt • Even in his prints Rembrandt exhibited contrasts light and darkness • Set in Amsterdam’s Jewish ghetto

  30. Baroque Art • Self-Portrait • 1669 • Amsterdam, Netherlands • Artist: Rembrandt • His last self-portrait of well over 60 • Contours have become looser • Painting himself as he was – it was an insightful reflection not like the paintings of Durer at all

  31. Baroque Art • Young Woman with a Water Pitcher • 1664 – 1665 • Delft, Netherlands • Artist: Jan Vermeer • Ordinary daily life activities in ordinary surroundings was Vermeer’s signature style • The light shines in producing shadows in all its subtleties

  32. Jan Vermeer Girl with the Pearl Earring 1670-1675oil on canvas18 x 16 in. His most famous painting – even made a movie

  33. Baroque Art • The Love Letter • 1669 – 1670 • Amsterdam, Netherlands • Artist: Jan Vermeer • Composed in a series of rectangles formed in perspective • Paintings hang on the wall, a laundry basket and the letter itself adorn this painting

  34. Peter Paul Rubens Elevation of the Cross Antwerp Cathedral, Antwerp, Belgium 1610oil on panel15 ft. 2 in. x 11 ft. 2 in. Rubens focuses on musculature much like Michelangelo in his early work

  35. Baroque Art • Marie de’ Medici, Queen of France, Landing in Marseilles • 1622 – 1625 • Antwerp, Brussels • Artist: Peter Paul Rubens • Gained his fame from European royal courts, especially Marie de’ Medici • Full of drama for such an ordinary situation • Plump females were his trademark “Rubenesque”

  36. Peter Paul Rubens The Three Graces oil on canvas87 in. x 71 1/4 in. Rubenesque – a term used to describe the Women that Rubens painted

  37. Baroque Art • Portrait of Charles I at the Hunt • 1635 • London, England • Artist: Anthony van Dyck • Painting captures the king’s attitude of control and calm while contrasting it with the unsettled horse and the struggling groom • Van Dyck was an assistant to Rubens originally

  38. Judith Leyster Self-Portrait ca. 1630oil on canvas2 ft. 5 3/8 in. x 2 ft. 1 5/8 in. A student of Rubens

  39. Baroque Art • Las Meninas (Maids of Honor) • 1656 • Madrid, Spain • Artist: Diego Velazquez • Both a family portrait and a genre scene at the same time • Velazquez himself (behind canvas) as well as the king and queen (in mirror at back of room) have all been placed in the painting surreptitiously as the princess and her maids pose • Considered his masterpiece and possibly the most recognizable painting in the world

  40. .

  41. Baroque Art • Rape of the Sabine Women • 1636 – 1637 • Paris, France • Artist: Poussin • Diagonals, and verticals aid in perspective • Figures seem frozen in a moment rather than fluid • Style that is meant to appeal to the mind not the eye

  42. Nicholas Poussin Et in Arcadia Ego ca. 1655oil on canvas2 ft. 10 in. x 4 ft. Became more famous in modern times because of Da Vinci Code and Rennes le Chateau mystery

  43. Baroque Art • Palace du Louvre East Façade • 1667 – 1670 • Paris, France • Artists: Louis Le Vau, Charles Le Brun & Claude Perrault • A return to strict classical forms began during the late Baroque era in France – it would develop into a style known as Neo-Classicism

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