Piloting a ‘One UN’ in Tanzania

1. Piloting a ‘One UN’ in Tanzania April 2007

2. Tanzania National Context • Strong national ownership and Government leadership over the development agenda • The National Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (NSGRP or MKUKUTA) and the Zanzibar Strategy for Growth and Reduction of Poverty (ZSGRP or MKUZA) set national priorities for achieving Vision 2025/Zanzibar Vision 2020. • Strong emphasis on partnership approach • Strengthened inclusiveness through a communication strategy • Outcome-based and Results-oriented Strategy • Growth and Reduction of Income Poverty • Quality of Life and Social well-being • Good Governance and Accountability

3. Shifting Aid Environment • TAS (2002-2005): A framework to more effectively manage and improve predictability of external resources; restore local ownership and leadership • Progress achieved: Improved relationship in development cooperation; national capacity developed through core reforms (essentially PFM); new mechanisms adopted (PRS I; PER; MTEF); rationalization and increased national ownership of technical assistance; move from project to program aid and increasingly GBS • Outstanding Challenges: still widespread provision of off-budget financing (projects) impeding strategic budget resource allocation at national level, transparency & domestic accountability; parallel systems and procedures; multiple missions, meetings and analytical studies • Scaling up TAS towards JAS to operate at a higher level of commitment to the principles of H&A by effectively aligning donor country assistance strategies with MKUKUTA and ZPRP. Further enhancement of national ownership and GoT wide leadership.

4. Joint Assistance Strategy for Tanzania (JAST) to emphasize: • Guiding framework of principles for aid effectiveness moving toward post Paris High-Level Forum • The principle of National Ownership and Leadership with broad-based stakeholder participation (CSO, private sector, local governments, Parliament) in identifying development goals and formulate strategies; • Country-led partnership representing a paradigm shift towards putting Tanzania in the driver’s seats/reduce the asymmetrical relationships and tensions in the donor-led approach. Ensuring that aid is aligned with GoT priorities. • Shift from external accountability to domestic accountability (Legislature, non-state actors – participation, quality) • Mutual accountability (to move towards better alignment and greater predictability in ODA disbursement)

5. One UN in TanzaniaGovernment Perspectives • Streamlined coordination = benefit for GoT; reduced transaction costs. • A clearer UN impact on social and economic development, and MKUKUTA implementation through focused support • Clearer focus on comparative advantage; UN working more strategically • Opportunity to make real progress on Paris Declaration (2005) & Joint Assistance Strategy for Tanzania (JAST) agenda

6. One UN in TanzaniaGovernment Perspectives • Opportunity for scaled up resources to flow through a coordinated, focused, efficient, and results-oriented UN. • UN improving its Paris Baseline Indicators – working through GoT systems • A clearer, planned approach to capacity development; indicators needed to measure impact over time & increased reliance on national expertise • A more comprehensive one UN programme (beyond the pilot) will require institutional change and structural re-alignment – political will essential

7. Timeline Highlights • Nov 06: Agreement reached w/ GoT on common policy focal point for UN-MoF • Dec 06: JAST officially signed and launched • Dec 06: GoT writes to UN SG expressing interest in One UN pilot • Tanzania officially becomes one of 8 pilot countries • Jan 07: CMT retreat discusses HLP report outcome of Maputo meeting & a One UN pilot in Tanzania • Jan 07: Concept Note + Roadmap on One UN pilot developed, then revised Feb 07 • Feb 07: UN RC discussions on One UN w/ GoT (mainland & Zanzibar)

8. An Update on Recent Development March 2007 • GoT internal meeting – review of all UNA Basic Agreements/Country Programme documents • First meeting with small group of Development Partners • First meeting of UN Civil Society Advisory Committee • RC Staff briefings complete (all UNAs in Dar es Salaam) • Joint Programme Training for UN colleagues • Establishment of the Joint GoT/UN Steering Committee and Joint GoT/UN Taskforce April 2007 • ToRs for the JSC and JTF developed & Roadmap updated • April 16-17 Joint Mission on One UN Fund • April 25-26 GoT/UN retreat to finalize the One UN Programme

9. General Overview • Strong commitment within the UNCT “be bold and willing to take risks” but under GoT leadership • A pilot – importance of documenting to inform further processes at HQs • Leadership at the country level – an RC working with HoAs to bring UN together • Working with sector coordinated frameworks and in a JAST environment = additional skills in UNCT • Specific mechanism required to support pilot countries at highest level (HQs) • A common audit framework for the pilot countries & risks assessment needed • Communication strategy in place to strengthen ‘speaking with one voice’

10. One Programme • Building blocks: HLP Report (Nov. 2006), UNDAF II, CPAPs, strategic priorities of the Specialized Agencies & Joint Programmes • Reflects the positioning of UN in new aid environment: focus on comparative advantage; working through new modalities • Results-oriented, simple and reader friendly • Government/UN retreat to agree on key results: 25-26 April • 18 month timeframe: 2007 – 08; pilot linked to UNDAF implementation

11. Outline of the One Programme document • At a Glance: The ‘One UN’ pilot in Tanzania • Section 1: The Development Context in Tz • GoT leadership of the development process • Improving the effectiveness of aid: the JAST environment • The UN response • Section 2: The UN working together in Tz • The building blocks of the One UN Programme • 1. Wealth creation and economic empowerment • 2. Reduction of Maternal & Newborn Mortality • 3. HIV/AIDs joint support (mainland/Znz) • 4. National capacity for development management • 5. Support to Zanzibar (devt. management/social service delivery) • 6. Human security, risk reduction and disaster preparedness • Section 3: Opportunities, Challenges, Risks • Section 4: Implementation Arrangements

12. One Budget • One Common Budgetary Framework • Based on core funding and unmarked funds • Will start with Joint Programmes • Flexible; options open for funding mechanisms • Simple, participatory mechanism on how to allocate the funds; transparency in setting criteria for allocation • Working towards pooled resources; joint mobilization of funds under RC’s leadership • Dialogue needed on GoT funding/contribution

13. One Office • Joint premises: • Starting point: the sub-offices in Zanzibar and North Western Tanzania • Follow-up on dialogue with GoT on One UN Office • Common management practices • Harmonizing IT systems • Common support services • Aim is towards a common Basic Standard Agreement • Consider staff implications: regular communication to staff on progress; working in new ways (inter-agency JP teams; senior Advisors at cluster level for UNCT

14. One Leader • Strengthening the role of the RC/the RCO/ and clarity vis-à-vis the Humanitarian Coordinator • Defining a ‘firewall’ important • Developing a Code of Conduct/ground rules for the UNCT at all levels (incl. HQs) • Suggestion that RC to participate in selection of new members of the UNCMT • Clarify issues around accreditation and accountability structure (i.e. consultation mechanisms at high-level at HQs) • Packaging a One Programme that is inclusive and strategic – fundamental for the One Leader concept

15. Proposed way forward