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SHAKESPEARE

SHAKESPEARE. English Writer & Playwright. William Shakespeare. Lived from 1564-1616 Married older woman (Anne Hathaway) Born in Stratford-on-Avon Wrote & acted in plays in London Wrote 37 Plays, 154 Sonnets Investment as theatre owner increased his wealth. Shakespeare’s Times.

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SHAKESPEARE

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  1. SHAKESPEARE English Writer & Playwright

  2. William Shakespeare • Lived from 1564-1616 • Married older woman (Anne Hathaway) • Born in Stratford-on-Avon • Wrote & acted in plays in London • Wrote 37 Plays, 154 Sonnets • Investment as theatre owner increased his wealth

  3. Shakespeare’s Times • Queen Elizabeth was on the throne • Known as the “Virgin Queen” (never married) • She liked and encouraged theatre • Theatre was cheap entertainment - everyone went • Only men allowed to act in plays

  4. Shakespeare’s Competition • Ben Jonson was more famous than Shakepeare in his day • Another famous playwright was Christopher Marlowe, who was killed in a duel • Plays were never written about religion or politics • The first theatre was called “The Theatre”

  5. Shakepeare’s Sonnets • Shakespeare wrote 154 Sonnets • Wrote in the Elizabethan form of the sonnet (3 quartets, 1 couplet = 14 lines) • Shakespeare’s sonnets are numbered - not named

  6. Sonnets Continued • Series of sonnets: • (1-126) address a young man encouraging him to marry so his good qualities will survive (in his children) • (127-152) address the “dark lady” • (153-154) are to the love god Cupid. • The word “sonnet” comes from an Italian word that means “little song”

  7. Shakespeare’s Plays • Three categories - Histories, Comedies, Tragedies • Histories were about English history • Comedies used puns, wordplay, mistaken identity, often end in marriage • Tragedies involve moral conflicts; the hero dies in the end

  8. The Plays • Written in both rhyme (iambic pentameter) and free verse • Usually the more noble characters speak in rhyme • Soliloquies - a “self speech” to tell audience what the character is thinking

  9. The Plays • Often “the fool” speaks the truth • Plays are written in different “acts” with different “scenes” within the acts • The longest play is Hamlet at over 4,000 lines • The shortest play is The Comedy of Errors at around 1,800 lines • Known for human emotions - jealousy, ambition, desire for power, love

  10. Hamlet • Main characters: King Hamlet (is “the Ghost” and Hamlet’s father Hamlet, Prince of Denmark King Claudius, Hamlet’s uncle Queen Gertrude, Hamlet’s mother

  11. Hamlet - Main Characters • Polonius - Advisor to the king • Laertes - son of Polonius • Ophelia - daughter of Polonius and Hamlet’s girlfriend • Horatio - Hamlet’s best friend

  12. Famous Lines • “To be, or not to be -- that is the question;” (from Hamlet’s soliloquy) • "Not a mouse stirring.” • “The lady doth protest too much, methinks” • “A little more than kin, and less than kind."

  13. Famous Quotes Continued • "Neither a borrower nor a lender be; • “This above all: to thine own self be true,…” • "Something is rotten in the state of Denmark.” • “A dream itself is but a shadow."

  14. More Famous Quotes • “O, woe is me,…” • “I must be cruel, only to be kind.” • “Good night, sweet prince/ And flights of angels sing thee to thy rest.”

  15. Expressions from Shakespeare • “Dead as a doornail.” • “Green-eyed monster” (jealousy) • “It was Greek to me” • “Kill with kindness” • “Love is blind” • “My own flesh and blood”

  16. Last Words… • Remember, Shakespeare wrote in modern English. Even though his language sounds old to us, Old English is over 600 years older than Shakespeare’s language and sounds more German than English.

  17. Shakespeare • Shakespeare’s plays have been performed all over the world for over 400 years. • Shakespeare continues to be popular because he writes about human emotions - love, jealousy, greed, ambition.

  18. William Shakespeare • Now you have a good introduction to Hamlet. • Relax and enjoy the play!

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