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This presentation provides an overview of the United Kingdom's physical geography, natural resources, and climate. Learn about the official name, national flag, capital city, and more.
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《最新英美概况》 课件样板 （请以幻灯片形式观看）
Part One The Land ◎Learning objectives: After completing this part, students should obtain some more basic facts and detailed information about the United Kingdom, especially its physical geography, and equip themselves with the knowledge of British natural resources and the climate of the country.
◎Focal points: 1. The official name, national flag, national anthem, and national capital of the country 2. The location and size of the country 3. The terrain, rivers and mountains of the country 4. The natural resources of the country 5. The climate of the country
The United Kingdom of Great Britainand Northern Ireland (Since 1927) 1. The official name, national flag, national anthem, and national capital of the country 1.1 The Official Name of the Country Conventionally shortened to United Kingdom Abbreviation: UK
◎Question to ponder: • People often get confused withthe terms “England”, “Britain”, “Great Britain”, “United Kingdom”, and “British Isles”. Even some British are not fully aware of the precise reality that these terms express. • Do these terms mean the same? Hints
England • Many people say "England" when they really mean "The United Kingdom." This is not correct! People in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland consider it insulting and hate hearing Britain being referred to as “England” as it appears to ignore their existence(Scottish Independence referendum on Sept. 18th, 2014). • England is only a constituent country in the UK, and a part of the island of Great Britain, together with Scotland and Wales.
Scotland will still be British? • Scotland held a referendum on Sept. 18th, 2014 to decide wether or not Scotland would remain in Britain or become an independent country. (over 50% voted for staying in Britain)
Britain • Strictly, “Britain” refers to the largest island in the British Isles, which contains modern-day England, Wales and Scotland and islands governed from the mainland (ie, not Isle of Man or Channel Islands). • However, the term “Britain” is more commonly used as a political term: an alternative name for the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
GreatBritain • "Great Britain" is the collective name for the three countries of England, Scotland and Wales. It also includes the small adjacent islands but it does not include the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man. • Great Britain and Northern Ireland together form the "United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland“, or UK.
The United Kingdom • “The United Kingdom” is the abbreviated form for the official name “The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland“, which came into use in 1922 after the constitution of the Irish Free State (1922-1937), the former name of the Republic of Ireland.
The British Isles • The "British Isles" is a geographical term for a group of islands consisting of Great Britain, the whole of Ireland, and many other smaller surrounding islands. • The British Isles are the largest group of islands in Europe.
The British Empire大英帝国 • 1. Does it still exist? What does/did it refer to? What is/was included? • 2. Have you heard of a term “empire upon which the Sun never set” • 3. Joke by a Frenchman who visited London for a week. • Actually a historical term, it collapsed after the WWII, during the de-colonization movement in the 1950s till 1970s.
◎Topics for discussion 1. A great many people use “Great Britain” instead of “the United Kingdom” to mean the same thing. Do you think it is right? Look at the maps below. Then, you will have the answer. Great Britain The United Kingdom
2. In 1970, the BBC showed a series of programs about the history of the British Empire. Before the series started, they advertised it. The advertisement mentioned “England’s history”. Within a few hours, the BBC had received thousands of angry calls of protest and it was forced to make an apology. • Who do you think the angry callers were? • Why did the BBC apologize?
1.2The National Flag of the Country The Union Flag OR popularly known as the Union Jack
Description of the British national flag • The shape and flag ratio of the United Kingdom Flag is described as 1:2 (length twice the height). • A blue field with the red cross of Saint George (patron saint of England) edged in white superimposed on the diagonal red cross of Saint Patrick (patron saint of Ireland), which is superimposed on the diagonal white cross of Saint Andrew (patron saint of Scotland).
Historical significance of the British national flag • The Union Jack is a transnational flag, which represents the union of different countries and the growth of a family of nations whose influence extends far beyond the British Isles. • The Union Flag, or the "Union Jack", signifies unity and is a fine expression and a great symbol of unity as well as diversity of the nation.
Formation of the British national flag --- A symbol of unity • The British flag incorporates the national symbols of three distinct countries, England, Scotland and Northern Ireland. In fact its name "Union Jack" emphasizes the very nature of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland as a union of nations. The flag is also known by another name, this too, emphasizing the idea of union: the "Union Flag", perhaps a less common term but a little more precise.
St. George's Cross,the flag of England • The "Union Flag" or "Union Jack" is a composite design made up of three different national symbols: St. Andrew's Cross,the flag of Scotland * The cross represented in each flag is named after the patron saint of each country.
The images below give you the idea of the union of the three flags forming one unified flag.
Each country of the kingdom has her national flag, and usually there is a story behind each national flag. The national flag of the United Kingdom has an interesting story, too.
◎Question to explore:Why doesn’t the Welsh flag appear on the Union Flag? The Red Dragon, flag of Wales Answer
---Because Wales had already been united to England when the first version of the Union Flag was designed in 1606. However, the dragon flag is in common use today,flying proudly over public and private buildings throughout Wales.
◎Kaleidoscope • Do you know the Union Jack is also incorporated into the national flags of some other independent countries? • Look at these flags: Australia New Zealand Fiji Tuvalu
Union Jacks hung along Regent Street in London during the royal wedding between Prince William and Kate Middletonon April 29, 2011.
1.3 The National Anthem of the Country GOD SAVE THE QUEEN • Originated in a patriotic song first performed in 1745. • No authorized version of the National Anthem, as the words are a matter of tradition. • The words used are those sung in 1745. • Substitute “Queen” for “King” where appropriate. • Also used in a number of Commonwealth realms and British Crown Dependencies. • On official occasions, only the first verse is usually sung.
2. O Lord, our God, arise, Scatter her enemies, And make them fall. Confound their politics, Frustrate their knavish tricks, On Thee our hopes we fix, God save us all. God Save the Queen (standard version in the United Kingdom) 3. Thy choicest gifts in store, On her be pleased to pour; Long may she reign: May she defend our laws, And ever give us cause. To sing with heart and voice: God save the Queen! 1. God save our gracious Queen!Long live our noble Queen!God save the Queen!Send her victorious,Happy and glorious,Long to reign over us,God save the Queen. On-line Listening and Viewing: http://www.national-anthems.net/music/UK http://www.national-anthems.net/flash/vocal/UK http://www.56.com/u94/v_NTg5NDYzNTU.html Musical Vocal Video
◎Questions to explore:1.On what occasions is the British National Anthem sung? • The National Anthem is played whenever The Queen makes a public appearance and is played by the British Broadcasting Corporation every night before closedown. • It is also sung at: -- the end of all Remembrance Day services. -- Medal ceremonies for Team GB (representing all countries). -- England and Northern Ireland football matches.
2. if there is a King and a Queen at the same time what gender will be in the national anthem? • The anthem reflects the gender of the RULER.When George VI and Queen Elizabeth were on the throne, the anthem was God Save the King because the ruler was male. Only the RULER reigns, so the anthem reflects the gender of the ruler.
1.4 The National Capital of the Country LONDON Facts & Figures of London: • A history of more than 2000 years, going back to its founding by the Romans. • Today, the largest city in the UK. • The largest urban zone in the EU. • The most populous city in the EU.
An international city, with strengths in the arts, commerce, finance, education, entertainment, fashion, healthcare, media, tourism and transport. • A city of a wide range of peoples, cultures and religions. • A city of more than 300 languages spoken. • A city drawing the most international visitors to its various attractions. • Its Chinatown is the largest in Europe. • A sister city with Beijing since 2006. • The first city in 2012 hosting the Summer Olympics three times.
◎Question to ponder It is said if you’re tired of London, you’re tired of life. Do you think so? Why or why not?
◎Conclusion • In this section, we have learned some very basic facts and detailed information about the United Kingdom: its official name, national flag, national anthem, and national capital. • From the lectures we know better about the UK’s official title and the composition of the unitary state; learn the history and formation of its national flag, and know more about its national anthem, God Save the Queen, withits verses and tunes; and we also have an even clearer image of London, the national capital of the UK.
◎Further reading and references (useful websites) • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_King dom • http:// www.woodlands-junior.kent.sch.uk • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom • http://www.know-britain.com/songs/ national_ anthem.html • http://www.cityoflondon.gov.uk/
◎ Assignment • Bear in your mind what you have learned from the textbook and the lectures by the teacher. • Read extensively from different resources and learn more about the general features of the UK and detailed facts of its official title, national flag, national anthem, and its national capital, London. • Pre-read about the location and size of the United Kingdom.
2. The location and size of the country 2.1 The location of the country Study the map on the next page and describe the location of the UK. The words and phrases below might be helpful to you for your work: be situated at/off/onlie offseparate fromcoast of continental Europesurround by neighbouring countries
Situated on the British Isles — a large group of islands lying off the north-western coast of Europe. • Separated from the European continent by the English Channel and the Strait of Dover in the south and the North Sea in the east. • Positioned between 50°and 60°north latitude and 2°east longitude and 10°west longitude.
Geographically and historically, the United Kingdom is divided into four parts: England, Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland. • Look at the exact location of each of the four component parts of the UK:
2.1.1 The location of England (red) in the United Kingdom • Being the largest of the four countries, England occupies southern two-thirds of the island of Great Britain. Sharing land borders with Scotland to the north, and Wales to the west, England is washed by the North Sea in the east and separated from the continental Europe by the English Channel in the south.
2.1.2 The location of Scotland (red) in the United Kingdom • Being the most northern country of the UK, Scotland occupies the northern third of the island of Great Britain, and shares a border with England to the south. It is washed by the Atlantic Ocean in the north and west and by the North Sea in the east.
2.1.3 The location of Wales (red) in the United Kingdom • Located in the south-west of Great Britain, Wales is bordered by England to the east, the Bristol Channel to the south, and the Irish Sea to its west and north.
2.1.4 The location of Northern Ireland (red) in the United Kingdom • Occupying the north-eastern part of Ireland, which is separated from the island of Great Britain by the North Channel, Northern Ireland borders on the Republic of Ireland in the south-west.
