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Species Interactions

Species Interactions. LT 3E: Identify and describe the major species interactions. Objectives. Identify and describe the five major species interactions. Provide examples of each. Discuss the importance of species interactions on an ecosystem. Six major species interactions.

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Species Interactions

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  1. Species Interactions LT 3E: Identify and describe the major species interactions.

  2. Objectives Identify and describe the five major species interactions. Provide examples of each. Discuss the importance of species interactions on an ecosystem.

  3. Six major species interactions Interspecific competition Intraspecific Competition Predation Parasitism Mutualism Commensalism

  4. Interspecific Competition • Members of two or more species interact to gain access to the same limited resources such as food, water, light and space. • Involves ability of one species to become more efficient at getting food, space, light or other resources • http://videos.howstuffworks.com/animal-planet/28913-survival-guide-serengeti-leopards-competition-video.htm

  5. Interspecific Competition Resource partitioning: occurs when species competing for similar scarce resources evolve specialized traits that allow them to share resources.

  6. InterspecificCompettion

  7. Think Box How do you think that humans have competed with other organisms for resources?

  8. Intraspecific Competition Intra: within Members of the same species compete for resources within an ecosystem.

  9. Intraspecific Competition

  10. Predation • Occurs when a member of one species feeds directly on all or part of a member of another species by capturing them. • Form a predator-prey relationship

  11. Predation • Predators have a variety of methods to help them capture prey: • Walking, swimming, flying • Pursuit and ambush • Camouflage • Chemical warfare

  12. Predation http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QddgWcdwXQQ • Prey species have evolved ways to avoid predators: • Run, swim, fly • Highly developed senses of sight or smell • Avoidance adaptations • Camouflage • Chemical warfare • Warning coloration • Mimicry • Behavioral strategies

  13. Think Box What do you think the relationship between the predator-prey interaction and evolution is?

  14. Predation Co-evolution: Occurs when populations of two different species interact in such a way that changes in the gene pool of one species leads to changes in the gene pool of others.

  15. Predation

  16. Parasitism • Occurs when one species feeds on another organism. • Parasite benefits and the host is usually harmed. • Example: Tapeworm

  17. Parasitism

  18. Mutalism • Two species behave in ways that benefit both by providing each with food, shelter or some other resource.

  19. Commensalism • An interaction that benefits one species by has little, if any beneficial or harmful effect on the other.

  20. Objectives Identify and describe the five major species interactions. Provide examples of each. Discuss the importance of species interactions on an ecosystem.

  21. Active Practice 1st: Case Study- “Hungry sea otters compete with fishermen for sea urchins in California waters” Work with a partner to answer questions.

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