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By: Shittu, Ahmed Tajudeen Kamal Madarsha Basha

Investigating students’ attitude and intention to use social software in higher institutions of learning in Malaysia. By: Shittu, Ahmed Tajudeen Kamal Madarsha Basha Tunku Badariah Tunku Ahmad

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By: Shittu, Ahmed Tajudeen Kamal Madarsha Basha

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  1. Investigating students’ attitude and intention to use social software in higher institutions of learning in Malaysia By: Shittu, Ahmed Tajudeen Kamal Madarsha Basha Tunku Badariah Tunku Ahmad Paper presented at the Second International Conference of E-learning and Distance Education in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Feb, 2011

  2. INTERNATIONAL ISLAMIC UNIVERSITY MALAYSIA (IIUM) • Outline • Introduction • Statement of the problems • Theoretical framework of the study • Research Questions • Research Hypotheses • Research Methodology (Research design; Population of the study: Sample size: Validity & Reliability of the Instrument: Research Instrument: Pre-test of the Instrument Data analysis technique)

  3. Introduction • The influence of internet technology to the present knowledge and information driven society cannot be overemphasized. The evolution of it has caused a fundamental change in the way we perceive and posit solutions to our problems; its pervasiveness has significantly influenced all realm of human endeavor, ranging from our social, political, economy, and educational activities (Albirini, 2007). It now becomes obvious that there is no any area of human existence that these technologies have not influenced. • The most recent change brought by Internet technology is the platform of interaction and communication with social networking software an offshoot of web 2.0 applications.

  4. Cont: • Social networking software (SNS) use is increasingly growing among students of higher institutions of learning in every parts of the world. The ubiquitous of Internet and Information Communication Technology (ICT) facilities has been the driven force behind the usage of this emerging tool. Unlike in the industrial age where the then students never known ICT not to talk of the internet, the present generations of students are tagged as “net generation”, they had never known life without the Internet. They adopt and use technology rapidly.

  5. The evolution of this emerging technology has changed communication landscape of people, especially the younger generations. They are increasingly switching their communication platform to online social networking software such as Face book and MySpace. The technology is growing at a faster rate beyond the imagination of everybody this explains why Owen, Grant, Sayer & Facer (2006) captured the unfolding emerging technology phenomenon as:

  6. Statement of the Problem • Aside the glamour and the novelty of usage associated with Social networking software (SNS) display by the students, little is known about what inform student decision to use SNS. Similarly, there is little study to explain the rational behind student’s use of this emerging tool (Hsu & Lin, 2008). • Yet, there are increasing demand for it application and adoption for teaching function. • . Roger’s (1983) posit that we should increase our awareness and understanding of what the actual usage of an innovation is.

  7. Cont: • Saade, Nabebe & Mohson (2007) argued that user acceptance is important primary measures of system success and that attention should be given to student when it come to its application in teaching function, because without knowing their involvement and participation even the best developed system cannot be successful. Therefore, in order to manage it application effectively and efficiently there must be prior information to guide in its skillful use.

  8. attempt will be made to document empirically the determinant of SNS among students, factors predicting their attitude and intention to use the software using Technology acceptance model (TAM) since the model has been related to many factor about technology acceptance and usage.

  9. Theoretical Framework of the Study • This study adopts Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) developed by Davis (1986). Thus, the present study will be use to revalidate TAM. • The earlier TAM develop by Davis focus on two variables perceive usefulness (PU) and perceive ease of use (PEOU). External variable must influence PU and PEOU before they can lead to intention to use. These variables are technical and non-technical characteristic of information system such as social influence (Davis et al, 1989).

  10. Subjective Norm Intention to Use Social software Attitude to social software use Perceive Usefulness Perceive ease of use Theoretical model of the study

  11. Purpose of the Study • The purpose of this present study is to understand factors predicting student intention and attitude to social software use. Specifically, the study aims at validating the model develop on SS acceptance and to test whether the model fitted the data collected from the study. • Another purpose of the study is to understand if the model is gender invariant.

  12. Research Questions • What are the factors that strongly predict students’ attitude and intention to use social software? • Does the data fit the model of this study? • Does the structural equation model invariant across gender?

  13. Research Hypotheses • Perceived usefulness will strongly predict students’ attitude to use social software • Subjective norm will strongly predict students’ attitude to use social software • Perceived ease of use will strongly predict students’ attitude to use social software • Students attitude will strongly predict their intention to use social software • The structural equation model will be invariance across the gender

  14. Research Methodology • The study was a survey research. A survey research is one of the methods of quantitative research in which investigation administers a survey to a sample or to the entire population of people in order to describe the attitudes, opinions, behaviors, or characteristic of the population (Creswell, 2008) • The procedure of the study involves collection of quantitative data from the respondents of the study using questionnaires and the data was statistically analyzed, this enable the researcher to describe the trends about the responses to items of the instrument of the study. It also enable the researcher to analyze the research questions and the hypotheses postulated for the study.

  15. Population of the Study • A population of a study is the entire setting to which the finding of a study will be generalized. In this study, the students from two faculties in International Islamic university Malaysia were involved as the sample of the study. One hundred and twenty five undergraduate (83%) and twenty-five postgraduate (17%) from various faculties of the university were used as sample for the study

  16. Research instrument • Two hundred questionnaires (200)were administered and one hundred and fifty one (151)representing 76% were returned and found to be useable for the study. • The items in the questionnaires were divided into five parts. The first part demands for student’s demography data and the second to the last part were items that try to understand student attitudes, behavioral intention, subjection norm, perceive usefulness and perceived ease of use.

  17. Validity and Reliability of the Instrument • The items were adapted from Masrom and Hussein (2008) book on user acceptance of information technology. The items were modified for the present study. • The construct validity and reliability was carry out during the pilot study before the main study is conducted • Two experts in measurement and evaluation and three in instructional technology field carry out face validity of the items

  18. Data Analysis :. Cronbach Alpha Reliability Coefficients

  19. Convergent and Discriminant Validity

  20. casual structure of the model of the study

  21. Summary of the effect size of structural paths • Perceived ease of use → Attitude= β 0.51 • Subjective norm → Attitude= β 0.23 • Perceived usefulness → Attitude= β 0.29 • Attitude → Intention to use= β 0.65

  22. Theoretical implication • The study has add to the existing understanding of IS theory • It provide a model for measuring web 2.0 technologies • It also provide further evidence of the strength of TAM for measuring acceptance of IS

  23. Educational Implications • The study has provide insight to the type of SNS use among the students in Malaysia • And future use of SNS for teaching and learning function

  24. Recommendation • Further study can add other construct by way of extending the model or try to study the phenomenon by employing other theoretical perspective • Longitudinal design can also be use for the study • Future study could identify hedonic and utilitarian use of SNS

  25. Thanks for your rapt ATTENTION

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