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Earthquakes and Volcanoes

Earthquakes and Volcanoes. By: Hana Taha Grade 8 Science . Chimbote: 1970. This earthquake took place on the coast of Peru. O n May 31 st 1970 , at the local time of 15:23:00, the coastal town of Chimbote, Peru was hit with an earthquake of a magnitude of 7.9 on the Richter Scale.

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Earthquakes and Volcanoes

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  1. Earthquakes and Volcanoes By: Hana Taha Grade 8 Science

  2. Chimbote: 1970 This earthquake took place on the coast of Peru.

  3. On May 31st 1970, at the local time of 15:23:00, the coastal town of Chimbote, Peru was hit with an earthquake of a magnitude of 7.9 on the Richter Scale. Chimbote: 1970Date and Time

  4. Chimbote: 1970Location This map shows the exact location of the earthquake. The Peruvian earthquake hit the costal town of Chimbote, Peru on May 31st 1970.

  5. The earthquake measured 7.9 -8.0 on the Richter Scale. Tremors could be felt in nearby countries and towns such as Ecuador, Brazil and Lima. • This earthquake, also known as the Ancash earthquake hit the western coast of South America. • Over 3 million people were effected by this earthquake. Chimbote: 1970Other Areas Affected

  6. There were many foreshocks leading up to this tragic disaster. Plate movement and shifting had been causing many minor earthquakes or tremors all over the world. • The aftershocks following this earthquakes were not especially powerful in comparison to other regional earthquakes, however, the death toll makes it one of the worst and most deadly earthquakes in the world. Chimbote: 1970Foreshocks, Mainshocksand Aftershocks

  7. Chimbote: 1970Richter Scale The Peruvian earthquake scored a magnitude of 7.9 – 8.0 on the Richter Scale. Comparing with other earthquakes, this earthquake is considered as one of the most powerful, causing lots of damage.

  8. Chimbote: 1970Tectonic Plates The South American plate is drifting towards the west, overriding and forcing down the Nazca and Pacific Ocean plate. The oceanic plates are forced to move under the South American plate, creating pressure. This is called Subduction. This is an example of a Normal Fault. A Normal Fault happens when pressure forces one side to go down (hanging wall) below the other side (footwall)

  9. The Peruvian earthquake centered at 9.2° South, 78.8° West, about 22 miles west of Chimbite, a major Peruvian fishing port. • The epicenter of the earthquake was located 35 km off Peruvian coast in the Pacific Ocean. Chimbote: 1970Epicenter

  10. Since the South American west coast is on the border of a tectonic plate, there have been many earthquakes in the region. • A lot of earthquakes occur in places such as Chile, Brazil and Peru. • In this past month alone, there has been 57earthquakes, the most powerful near Colombia, measuring 7.3 on the Richter Scale. It has been the most powerful earthquake so far this year. Chimbote: 1970History of the Area

  11. The northern wall of the Navado Huascaran, a mountain in the Yungay area, was weakened due to the earthquake. This destabilization triggered an avalanche that buried the towns of Yungay and Ranrahirca under rock debris, ice and snow. The Yungay landslide claimed more than 20,000 lives. • The disaster claimed the lives of more than 70,000 , leaving more than 20,000 injured and more than a million homeless. • The economic loss was estimated to be more than half a billion USD. Chimbote: 1970Damage

  12. Chimbote: 1970Aftermath The Ancash earthquake struck Peru without warning, but since the costal areas lie on the border of a tectonic plate, it was to be expected and was no the first. Check out this video of the Chimbote earthquake: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NtthoVLc43I

  13. After the devastating earthquake, charity organizations raised money and gave donations to the survivors of the life changing earthquake. • Soon, Peru got back on its feet and rebuilt its country and city. Chimbote: 1970Interesting Facts

  14. Mount Fuji This volcano has erupted several times in Japan.

  15. Mount Fuji is located inside the Fuji-Hakone-Izu National Park, west of Tokyo. • It is surrounded by 5 lakes; Lake Kawaguchiko, Lake Yamanakako, Lake Saiko, Lake Motosuko and Lake Shojiko Mount FujiLocation

  16. Mount FujiAffected Areas Mount Fuji affected almost all of Japan. The town Subassiri, was greatly disturbed. Parts of Tokyo, and areas of the northwest Pacific Ocean were also affected. Check out this video showing the eruption of Mount Fuji: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZriIOXLNO6M

  17. Mount Fuji erupted several times before coming to a stop on January 1st 1708. • The first eruption was on October 26th 1707, followed by another eruption on December 16th 1707. The eruption lasted for 16 days before ending. • On October 26th 1707, an 8.4 magnitude earthquake announced itself along with the eruption, devastating Honshu island. • On the first day of the eruption, 72 houses and 3 Buddhist temples were destroyed in Subassiri, a town 10 km from the volcano. • Ash fell all over Tokyo, and on areas of the northwest Pacific ocean 280 km from the volcano. Mount FujiEruptions and Damage

  18. Mount Fuji is a composite volcano, also called a stratovolcano. • At the moment it is dormant, but scientists suspect that a lot of pressure is building up under the volcano, soon to cause a huge eruption. Mount FujiType and Current Status This diagram is of the insides of composite volcano.

  19. Mount Fuji is actually 3 separate volcanoes, one on top of each other. • Japan offers tours and climbing seasons to tourists and residents on Mount Fuji. • Mount Fuji’s eruptions took place on New Years. • Mount Fuji is the tallest volcano is Japan. • Mount Fuji is considered a sacred mountain to religious people. Mount FujiInteresting Facts

  20. Romero, Frances. "Top 10 Deadliest Earthquakes." Time. Time, 13 Jan. 2010. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. <http://www.time.com/time/specials/packages/article/ 0,28804,1953425_1953424_1953359,00.html>." Ancash (Chimbote) Peru 1970." Ancash (Chimbote). N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. <http://gemecd.org/event/96>. "1970 Peru Earthquake (1970 Ancash Earthquake)." Buzzle. Buzzle.com, 2000. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. <http://www.buzzle.com/articles/1970-peru- earthquake-1970-ancash-earthquake.html>. "Major Peruvian & Chilean Earthquakes of the 20th Century." Major Peruvian Earthquakes of the 20th Century. Research Foundation of the State of New York, 2010. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. <http://mceer.buffalo.edu/infoservice/reference_servic es/peru_chile_earthquake.asp>. MLA Citations

  21. "Region 1 - Earthquake." Disaster Kate. LAGGISS and S.K. Ploeger, 2011. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. <http://www.adrianbloy.com/dk/content.php?section=maindbea rthquake>. "Chronology of Earthquakes and Volcanos (1970-1979)." Chronology of Earthquakes and Volcanos (1970-1979). Ken Polsson, 2012. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. <http://worldtimeline.info/volcano/volc1970.htm>. Augustoburga. "Huaraz 31 De Mayo 1970 Terremoto Huaraz Ancash Earthquake." YouTube. YouTube, 10 May 2010. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NtthoVLc43I "Historic Earthquakes." Historic Earthquakes. N.p., 18 July 2012. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. <http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/world/events/1970_05 _31.php>. "Recent Earthquakes Near South America." Today's Earthquakes in South America. Earthquake Track, 2012. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. <http://earthquaketrack.com/v/southamerica/recent>. MLA Citations

  22. "Mount Fuji." Mount Fuji. Japan-guide.com, 1996. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. <http://www.japan-guide.com/e/e2172.html>. "Mt Fuji Volcano, Japan - Facts & Information / VolcanoDiscovery:." Mt Fuji Volcano, Japan - Facts & Information / VolcanoDiscovery:. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. <http://www.volcanodiscovery.com/fuji.html>. "Mount Fuji." , Japan. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. <http://www.sacred- destinations.com/japan/mount-fuji>. Dalan0201. "Japan Volcanoes - Mount Fuji, Mount Unzen." YouTube. YouTube, 05 Sept. 2011. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZriIOXLNO6M>. "Travel Advisor Tips." Top 10 Most Interesting Mount Fuji Facts. N.p., n.d. Web. 13 Oct. 2012. <http://www.traveladvisortips.com/top-10- most-interesting-mount-fuji-facts/>. MLA Citations

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