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SENSATION AND PERCEPTION

SENSATION AND PERCEPTION. Sensation—the process of detecting a physical stimulus Perception—the process of integrating, organizing and interpreting sensations Five Sensations: vision gustation audition touch olfaction Is there a sixth??.

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SENSATION AND PERCEPTION

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  1. SENSATION AND PERCEPTION

  2. Sensation—the process of detecting a physical stimulus Perception—the process of integrating, organizing and interpreting sensations Five Sensations: vision gustation audition touch olfaction Is there a sixth??

  3. Anatomical substrate for vision, i.e., the pathway from the stimulus in the environment to the occipital lobe, where we “see” • Vision begins with a stimulus from the environment—the range of the electromagnetic field from radio waves to cosmic rays; only a small portion is visible to humans ns

  4. The pathway begins with -light from the environment which then passes through the -cornea, pupil and lens -light is focused on the retina It is here that “transduction” occurs *TRANSDUCTION* is the point at which the stimulus from the environment (light) becomes a nerve impulse (electrochemical neurotransmission)

  5. The photoreceptors in the lining of the retina are called rods and cones -axons of rods and cones form optic nerve -optic nerve crosses at the optic chiasm -nerves project to the lateral geniculate nucleus of the thalamus to the -visual cortex in the occipital lobe WHERE WE SEE!

  6. Hearing begins in the environment and ends in the auditory cortex in the temporal lobe PATHWAY The stimulus from the environment is sound, in the form of waves. The sound is “funnelled” by the outer ear—pinna, ear canal and eardrum.

  7. Middle ear—three tiny bones, called ossicles– anvil, stirrup, hammer Inner ear—cochlea snail-shaped structure about the size of a pea lined with hair cells that bend, causing “transduction” *TRANSDUCTION* is when a stimulus from the environment (sound) becomes a neural impulse (electrochemical neurotransmission)

  8. Transduction occurs at basilar membranes Axon neurons become the optic nerve Optic nerve projects to the medial geniculate nucleus of the thalamus Thalamus to auditory cortex in Temporal lobe, where we “hear”. If a tree falls in the forest, and there’s no one there to hear it, does it make a sound?

  9. OTHER SENSATIONS • Smell

  10. Taste • Touch Also—kinesthesia (body movement) and vestibular (balance)

  11. PERCEPTION • refers to the process of integrating, organizing and interpreting sensory information into meaningful representations

  12. GESTALT LAWS OFFORM PERCEPTION • Figure-ground

  13. The Law of Similarity

  14. Law of Closure

  15. Law of Good Continuation

  16. Law of Proximity

  17. Law of Simplicity

  18. Depth Perception

  19. ILLUSIONS(MISPERCEPTIONS) Muller-Lyer

  20. Moon Illusion

  21. Shepherd Table’s Illusion

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