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What’s in that Belly???

What’s in that Belly???. The Utility of Gastric Ultrasonography in the Preoperative Suite. Amy M. Reed, Ph.D., CRNA. Is this a problem?. Anesthesia Training circa 2013-2014. ~1 year CRNA Practice. NAP Faculty 2016. Is this a problem?. SUBJECTIVE. OBJECTIVE.

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What’s in that Belly???

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  1. What’s in that Belly??? The Utility of Gastric Ultrasonography in the Preoperative Suite Amy M. Reed, Ph.D., CRNA

  2. Is this a problem?

  3. Anesthesia Training circa 2013-2014 ~1 year CRNA Practice NAP Faculty 2016

  4. Is this a problem?

  5. SUBJECTIVE OBJECTIVE VOLUME (ML) =27.0 + 14.6 X RIGHT-LAT CSA – 1.28 X AGE

  6. Type II Diabetes Mellitus: Relationships between Preoperative Physiologic Stress, Gastric Content Volume & Quality & the Risk for Pulmonary Aspiration

  7. POSITIONING/TECHNIQUE • Abdominal settings • Transducer: • Large pediatric or adults: curved array low-frequency (2-5 mHz) • Small children: linear high-frequency (5-12 mHz) • Scan the epigastrium in a sagittal plane • Sweep the transducer from the left to the right subcostal margins • Identify the gastric antrum –next slides! • Patient position: • Start in the supine position • Follow with the right lateral decubitus (RLD). Never call an empty stomach based on the supine position alone

  8. EMPTY

  9. CLEARS

  10. CLEARS w/ AIR BUBBLES

  11. SOLIDS

  12. www.gastricultrasound.org

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  17. REFERENCES • Søreide, E., Eriksson, L. I., Hirlekar, G., Eriksson, H., Henneberg, S. W., Sandin, R., & Raeder, J. (2005). Pre‐operative fasting guidelines: an update. ActaAnaesthesiologicaScandinavica, 49, 1041-1047. doi:10.111/j.1399-6576.2005.00781.x • Søreide, E., Holst-Larsen, H., Reite, K., Mikkelsen, H., Søreide, J. A., & Steen, P. A. (1993). Effects of giving water 20-450 ml with oral diazepam premedication 1-2 h before operative. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 71, 503-506. doi:10.1093/bja/71.4.503 • Srinivas-Shankar, U., Somauroo, J. D., Delduca, A. M., Jordan, T. S., Bowles, S. A., & Rutter, M. K. (2008). Temporal change in glucose tolerance in non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction. Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice, 82, 310-316. doi:10.1016/j.diabres.2008.08.016 • Stach, O., Starczewska, M., & Kanski. (2014). Usability of ultrasound assessment of gastric content: Case reports. Journal of Ultrasonography,14, 442-446. doi:10.15557/JoU.2014.0047 • Sterling, P. (2012). Allostasis: A model of predictive regulation. Physiology & Behavior.106, 5-15. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2011.06.004 • Sterling, P., & Eyer, J. (1988). Handbook of life stress: Cognition and health. New York, NY: Wiley. • Thoma, M. V., Kirschbaum, C., Wolf, J. M., & Rohleder, N. (2012). Acute stress responses in salivary alpha-amylase predict increases of plasma norepinephrine. Biological Psychology,91, 342-348. doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2012.07.008 • Umpierrez, G. E., Isaacs, S. D., Bazargan, N., You, X., Thaler, L. M., & Kitabchi, A. E. (2002). Hyperglycemia: An independent marker of in-hospital mortality in patients with undiagnosed diabetes. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, 87, 978-982. • Walker, H., Thorn, C., Omundsen, M. (2006). Patients’ understanding of preoperative fasting. Anaesthesia and Intensive Care. 34, 358-361. doi:10.1177/0310057X0603400317 • Wetsch, W. A., Pircher, I., Lederer, W., Kinzl, J. F., Traweger, C., Heinz-Erian, P., & Benzer, A. (2009). Preoperative stress and anxiety in day-care patients and inpatients undergoing fast-track surgery. British Journal of Anaesthesia, 103, 199-205. doi:10.1093/bja/aep136 • Willett, S., & Lee, F. (2018). Patient satisfaction and leadership challenge in the healthcare industry. Journal of the International Academy for Case Studies, 24(3). Retrieved from http://abacademies.org • Yamaguchi, M., Takeda, K., Onishi, M., Deguchi, M., & Hugashi, T. (2006). Non-verbal communication method based on a biochemical marker for people with severe motor and intellectual disabilities. Journal of International Medical Research,34, 30-41. Retrieved from http://imr.sagepub.com/content/34/1/30.full.pdf+html

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