Why do you think mirrors and images like this , constantly appear in the movie ?

4. Why do youthinkmirrors and imageslikethis, constantlyappear in themovie?

5. A spiritual or ghostly double or counterpart; an apparitional double of a living person; a co-walker. Alter-Ego. Doppelgänger The word is also used to describe the sensation of having glimpsed oneself in peripheral vision, in a position where there is no chance that it could have been a reflection. 

6. The Double deals with the internal psychological struggle of its main character, YakovPetrovichGolyadkin. The overall topic of the story is a doppelgänger. InThe Double, the narrative tone depicts a man whose life is on the verge of destruction due to the sudden appearance of a literal facsimile (copy) of his self. This double attempts to destroy the protagonist's good name and claim the position of both his public life in the Russian bureaucracy and within the social circle inhabited by Golyadkin Senior. The story may, however, be viewed as the documentation of a schizophrenic break from reality with the realistic description of symptomatic mental degenerations, including broken speech patterns and free association. One clear example is the hallucination where the hero of the story sees himself everywhere he goes, especially in socially awkward situations.

7. The style of narration used in this story raises interesting philosophical questions, one of them being: What is reality? We see how there can be different views of reality all existing and interacting with one another in a seemingly paradoxical way in this story. The events that occur in the mind of Golyadkin are not the events that happen concretely in the novel's universe, in one part of the story for example, there is a party and, while Golyadkin thinks he is outside of the party looking in at his double, he actually spent some time in the party. Both of these events are impossible to take place at the same time, unless reality is just relative to the individual. This may be Dostoevsky's answer to that philosophical question. Reality is relative to the individual, just as the speed and distance of light is relative to the observer due to space and time.

8. Howis Black SwaninfluencedbyDostoevsky? Howis Black SwaninfluencedbyDostoevsky? So, can our mind present different “personalities” or ways of being? Does this occur in all of us? Are we all mad then?

9. Id, ego and super-ego are the three parts of the psychic apparatus defined in Sigmund Freud's structural model of the psyche; they are the three theoretical constructs in terms of whose activity and interaction mental life is described. According to this model of the psyche, the id is the set of uncoordinatedinstinctual trends; the ego is the organised, realistic part; and the super-egoplays the critical and moralising role. Even though the model is "structural" and makes reference to an "apparatus", the id, ego and super-ego are functions of the mind rather than parts of the brain and do not correspond one-to-one with actual somatic structures of the kind dealt with by neuroscience.

10. The id comprises the unorganisedpart of the personality structure that contains the basic drives. The id acts according to the "pleasure principle", seeking to avoid pain or unpleasure aroused by increases in instinctual tension. The id is not a morally bad concept, after all desires and passions are utterly necessary throughout life. 'It is the dark, inaccessible part of our personality (…) and most of that is of a negative character and can be described only as a contrast to the ego. We approach the id with analogies: we call it a chaos, a cauldron full of seething excitations... It is filled with energy reaching it from the instincts, but it has no organisation, produces no collective will, but only a striving to bring about the satisfaction of the instinctual needs subject to the observance of the pleasure principle'

11. The Egocomprises that organised part of the personality structure that includes defensive, perceptual, intellectual-cognitive, and executive functions. Conscious awareness resides in the ego. The egorepresents what may be called reason and common sense, in contrast to theid, which contains the passions... in its relation to the id it is like a man on horseback, who has to hold in check the superior strength of the horse... In modern English, ego has many meanings. It could mean one’s self-esteem, an inflated sense of self-worth, or in philosophical terms, one’s self. Ego development is known as the development of multiple processes, cognitive function, defenses, and interpersonal skills or to early adolescence when ego processes are emerged.

12. The Super-ego aims for PERFECTION. It comprises that organised part of the personality structure, that includes the individual's ideals, spiritual goals, and the conscience that criticises and prohibits drives, fantasies, feelings, and actions. The Super-ego can be thought of as a type of conscience that punishes misbehavior with feelings of guilt.  The Super-ego worksin contradiction to the id. The Super-egostrives to act in a socially appropriate manner, whereas the idjust wants instant self-gratification. The Super-ego controls our sense of right and wrong and guilt. It helps us fit into society by getting us to act in socially acceptable ways. The Super-ego's demands oppose the id’s, so the ego has a hard time in reconciling the two.

13. Super-Ego Ego Id The Ego and the Id. Since then, the theory has been explained with reference to a horse and chariot: Theid is the "horse". It is the unevolved instinctive part of our brain, responsible for the urges and desires we try to repress. Theego is the "driver" of the chariot, and the rational part of our brain. It is able to guide the id, but never has full control - just as the driver is aware that if the horse wants to go in a different direction, he is ultimately powerless to stop it. Thesuperego is the chariot driver's father, sitting behind him, pointing out his mistakes. It is the part of our brain responsible for criticism and moralising.

16. Plato, in his dialogue Phaedrus (sections 246a - 254e), uses the Chariot Allegory to explain his view of the human soul.  Plato paints the picture of a Charioteer driving a chariot pulled by two winged horses: "First the charioteer of the human soul drives a pair, and secondly one of the horses is noble and of noble breed, but the other quite the opposite in breed and character. Therefore in our case the driving is necessarily difficult and troublesome." The Charioteer represents intellect, reason, or the part of the soul that must guide the soul to truth; one horse represents rational or moral impulse or the positive part of passionate nature (e.g., righteous indignation); while the other represents the soul's irrational passions, appetites, or concupiscent nature. The Charioteer directs the entire chariot/soul, trying to stop the horses from going different ways, and to proceed towards enlightenment.

17. Plato describes a "great circuit" which souls make as they follow the gods in the path of enlightenment. Those few souls which are fully enlightened are able to see the world of the forms in all its glory. Some souls have difficulty controlling the black horse, even with the help of the white horse. They may bob up into the world of the forms, but at other times enlightenment is hidden from them. If overcome by the black horse or forgetfulness, the soul loses its wings and is pulled down to earth. Should that happen, the soul is incarnated into one of nine kinds of person, according to how much truth it beheld. In order of decreasing levels of truth seen, the categories are: (1) philosophers, lovers of beauty, men of culture, or those dedicated to love; (2) law-abiding kings or civic leaders; (3) politicians, estate-managers or businessmen; (4) ones who specialize in bodily health; (5) prophets or mystery cult participants; (6) poets or imitative artists; (7) craftsmen or farmers; (8) sophists or demagogues; and (9) tyrants.

19. Black Horse Charioteer White Horse Chariot

20. For Plato the human soul is _______________. It wanders the heavens (World of Ideas) contemplating the ___________, but it must make its way as a chariot pulled by a __________ (white )and an _________ (black) horse. Black Horse Charioteer White Horse Chariot According to how much truth the soul contemplated it will incarnate into one out of _______ (#) possible kinds of person. After dying, the soul can improve or worsen its kind according to ______________________. It must live again in the highest kind of person for going back again to the ______________________. The latter can only be accomplished by having a balanced life guided by _________________ in absolute control of ________________________.

21. "Everything Beth does comes from within. From some dark impulse. I guess that's what makes her so thrilling to watch. So dangerous. Even perfect at times, but also so damn destructive.“ Thomas Are impulses a necesaryforcetoreachperfection? Ifthey are necesary, why are theydangerousthen?

22. Accordingtoallwe’vereviewed so far, whatisperfection?

23. Whatisperfection? Thomas: The truth is when I look at you all I see is the white swan. Yes you're beautiful, fearful, and fragile. Ideal casting. But the black swan? It's a hard fucking job to dance both.Nina: I can dance the black swan, too.Thomas: Really? In four years every time you dance I see you obsessed getting each and every move perfectly right but I never see you lose yourself. Ever! All that discipline for what?Nina: [whispers] I just want to be perfect.Thomas: What?Nina: I want to be perfect.Thomas:Perfection is not just about control. It's also about letting go. Surprise yourself so you can surprise the audience. Transcendence! Very few have it in them. Who could be those very few? Why not everyone? What does the path to seek perfection imply that makes it so hard and “discriminating”?

24. Whichswan are youmostidentifiedwith (orwhichone are you more commonly), theBLACKortheWHITE?