Communications In Engineering/Information Communication

1. Communications In Engineering/Information Communication Mrs. Davis Fall 2003 Engineering Applications Week 4

2. What is Communication? • Definition: “To share” • Sharing messages • 4 Elements Required to Have Communication: • A Sender • A Message • A Receiver (who understands the Message) • Feedback

3. Question…. • If no one hears your call for help, is there communication? NO…….Communication involves the sender, message and RECEIVER!

4. Communication Technology… • The use of knowledge, skill, tools machines and materials to enhance communication through the development and use of communication devices • QUESTION: • Is face to face communication part of communication technology?

5. Feedback in a Communication System? • Examples: • The clarity of a message as received • Neilsen Ratings for Television shows • Video games-each move you make is indicated on the screen

6. Communication System…Closed Loop Message Sender Receiver Feedback Involves a plan, or route, to take your message to its receiver.

7. Let’s Think about Newspapers • What are Inputs? • What are the Processes? • What are the outputs?

8. Types of Communication Systems… • Different Ways to move a message from one location to another: • Biological Communication: • Graphic Communication: • Wave Communication: • Telecommunication:

9. What is Biological Communication? • It is NOT part of technology • Communication exists outside of technology • Includes all forms of communication that use natural body parts to transmit and receive messages

10. What is Graphic Communication? • Graphic Communication-includes all forms of communication that send and receive messages visually though the use of stationary pictures and symbols. • QUESTION: Is a motion picture part of graphic communication? WAVE communication-graphic is stationary only

11. QUESTIONS: • What four elements must exist for communication to take place? Why is each one necessary? • What is biological communication? • What is graphic communication?

12. What is Wave Communication? Wave Communication - refers to all forms of communication that have their messages carried by energy sources that move through air, water, outer space, or solids in a wave form. Signals that carry messages are made of: Sound, electrical or light waves QUESTION: What was the earliest form of wave communication?

13. What is Telecommunication? Telecommunication is the method of communicating over long distances Includes:

14. Communications Mrs. Davis FOET

15. 4 Basic Design Principals • Proximity-Items relating to each other should be grouped close together. When several items are close together they become one visual unit rather than several separate unit. • Alignment-Every element should have some visual connection with another element on the page. • Repetition-repeat visual elements of the design throughout the piece • Contrast-avoid elements on the page that are merely similar

16. Proximity Examples… Where does your eye begin reading? Where does it end? Do you know what is on this card? Reilly Pickett (717)555-1212 TOAD HALL 916 Old River Road Red River, NM Reilly Pickett (717)555-1212 TOAD HALL 916 Old River Road Red River, NM

17. Question About Business Card… • What was the business name? • What was the person’s name? • What state were they from?

18. Better Design….? TOAD HALL Reilly Pickett 916 Old River Road Red River, NM (717)555-1212 What makes this design better? -Grouping related elements together…is there any question about where you begin to read this card and where you end?

19. Alignment Examples… Reilly Pickett (717)555-1212 TOAD HALL 916 Old River Road Red River, NM Elements look as if they were just thrown on and stuck. No connection between them

20. More Alignment Examples… TOAD HALL Reilly Pickett 916 Old River Road Red River, NM (717)555-1212 By moving all the elements over to the right and giving them one alignment, the information is more organized. The text items now have a common boundary.

21. Alignment of Text… This text is flush right. It is right aligned. This text is flush left. It is left aligned. This text is centered. If you are going to center text, make it obvious. Justified is when both the left and right sides line up due to the addition of additional spaces between words . This Can be very difficult to read in paragraph form. Don’t do this unless your line length is long enough to avoid awkward gaps between the words.

22. Text Alignment Examples Robert Burns Poems in Scots And English The most Complete edition Available of Scotland’s greatest Lyric poet. The title and the subtitle are flush left, but the description is centered-there is no common alignment between the two elements of text. They don’t have any connection to each other.

23. Another Text Alignment Example Although these two elements still have two different alignments (the top is flush left and the bottom is flush right), the edge of the descriptive text below aligns with the right edge of the title above, connection the elements with an invisible line. This was not an accident! Robert Burns Poems in Scots And English The most Complete edition Available of Scotland’s greatest Lyric poet.

24. Repetition… TOAD HALL Reilly Pickett 916 Old River Road Red River, NM (717)555-1212 When you get to the end of the information, does your eye just wander off the card? TOAD HALL Reilly Pickett 916 Old River Road Red River, NM (717)555-1212 Do you find that your eye bounces back and forth between the bold type elements on this one?

25. Contrast The Rules of Life Your attitude is your life Maximize your options Never take anything too seriously.

26. Or……… The Rules of Life Your attitude is your life Maximize your options Never take anything too seriously. This entire table appears stronger, why?

27. Graphic Communication – TECHNICAL COMMUNICATION

28. Isolating Design Solutions Using Graphic Communication

29. Detailing Design Solutions • Rough and refined sketches do not communicate actual size, which is why a detailed sketch is made. • Detailed sketches provide information about size, location, and geometry, making it easier to develop a model. • Pictorial sketches refine even more. • There are three kinds: oblique, isometric, and perspective.

30. Isometric Sketches Isometric sketchesare made in four major steps.

31. Perspective Sketches • There are three major types of perspective, as seen in the figure to the right. • The position of the horizon can also produce various views.

32. Chapter 12 Communicating Design Solutions

33. Learning Objectives • List the three basic documents through which designers communicate product information. • Identify the three types of engineering drawings. • Describe a computer-aided design system.

34. Learning Objectives • Identify the information found on a bill of materials. • Identify the information found on a specification sheet. • Name the types of reports used to gain approval for designed products.

35. Introduction • Communicating design solutions is a key element in technology. • Documents and reports are used to specify details and obtain approval for the solution. (Ohio Art Company)

36. Product Documents and Reports • Those making the product must know the materials, size, shape, and the assembly process of each part. • Such information can be found in engineering drawings, bills of materials, and specification sheets.

37. Engineering Drawings • Three types of engineering drawingsare commonly used. • They show the information on parts, the assembly of the product, and the systems and their relationships with the parts.

38. Detail Drawings Detail drawings show specifications of objects through multiview methods.

39. Multiview Drawings • The number of views drawn depends on how complex the part or product is. • The most common views are one-view drawings, two-view drawings, and three-view drawings. • The drawings should communicate all the information needed to make the part.

40. Preparing Multiview Drawings • Orthographic projection is used for multiview drawings. • Before beginning, drafters select a surface to be the front view. • The surface that has the most detail to ensure the fewest details are hidden. • There are many steps involved in creating precise and clear views of the product.

41. Dimensioning Drawings • Size dimensions, location dimensions, and geometry dimensions are depicted in detail drawings. • Dimensioning uses two kinds of lines: extension linesand dimension lines. • Dimensions shown near the center of the dimension lines may be given in fractions or decimals of an inch. • A tolerance may also be included.

42. Alphabet of Lines for Drawings • A set of drafting standards has been set in order to make sure certain drawings are understandable. • One such set of rules is the alphabet of lines.

43. Assembly Drawings There are two types of assembly drawings: (General Motors Corp.)

44. Assembly Drawings • Either type of assembly drawing may be a standard viewor an exploded view. • Exploded views are usually shown in owner’s manuals and parts books. • Most assembly drawings do not have dimensions. (General Motors Corp.)

45. Systems Drawings • Systems drawings or schematic drawings are not drawn to show position of parts on a product. • Instead, their focus is on connections in systems. • These drawings use symbols to represent parts.

46. Computer-Aided Design • Drawings and models may be prepared using computer-aided design (CAD) software. • CAD systems are quicker and produce more uniform drawings. • CAD drawings can also be sent anywhere in the world quickly via the Internet.

47. Bills of Materials A bill of materials usually contains a part number, name, size, and material out of which it is made.

48. Specification Sheets • Specification sheets describe properties that cannot be drawn such as physical, mechanical, chemical, thermal, electrical, magnetic, acoustical, and optical properties. • There are two types of specification sheets: • Technical data sheetsand sheets made by large organizations and manufacturers, like the military.

49. Sample Specification Sheet

50. Approval Documents and Reports • Written and oral reports are made to gain approval for the product. • These reports might include need statements, marketing strategies, graphs, and illustrations.