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Computer Animation Algorithms and Techniques

Computer Animation Algorithms and Techniques. Introduction. Computer. Using a computer. Animation. Moving things that can’t move themselves. Techniques. “artistic” animation - key frames & interpolation data-driven animation - mocap procedural animation - physics, behavioral. Perception.

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Computer Animation Algorithms and Techniques

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  1. Computer AnimationAlgorithms and Techniques Introduction

  2. Computer Using a computer Animation Moving things that can’t move themselves Techniques “artistic” animation - key frames & interpolation data-driven animation - mocap procedural animation - physics, behavioral

  3. Perception persistence of vision - positive afterimage perception of motion - beta motion flicker, critical flicker frequency motion blur update rate v. display rate NTSC - 39.95 fps, interlaced, 640x480

  4. The Heritage of Animation Early devices Conventional animation Disney Stop Motion Animation

  5. Early Devices Flipbook Thaumatrop Zoetrope Lumiere brothers Edison

  6. Conventional Animation Winsor McCay Stuart Blackman

  7. Disney Camera stand Rotoscoping Art form

  8. Stop Motion Animation Willis O’Brien Ray Harrihausen Nick Park Tim Burton

  9. Principles of Animation Squash and stretch Arcs Secondary action Slow in & slow out Anticipation Exaggeration Solid drawing Appeal In-between v. straight ahead Follow-through Staging 9 old men of Disney Illusions of Life Art form

  10. Principles of Animation Squash and stretch Arcs Secondary action Slow in & slow out Anticipation Exaggeration Solid drawing Appeal In-between v. straight ahead Follow-through Staging Simulating physics Make it appealing Effective presentation Production alternatives

  11. Principles of Filmmaking they have rules and guidelines! 180 degree rule rule of thirds types of shots 3-point lighting tilt framing focus the viewer’s attention

  12. Production->sequence->shot->frame Storyboard: the proposal Model sheet: consistency Animatic: storyboard with timing Key frames & in-betweens Test shot Pencil tests Inking: drawings onto cells Painting: coloring in Sound: voice, body, special effects, background Animation Production

  13. Storyboard

  14. Computer Animation Production Pencil tests - rendering controls shadows physics articulation textures facial animation

  15. Digital Media cheap digital storage -high resolution no degradation digital recording process, digital display process digital special effects

  16. Pencil tests & Motion studies Place holder objects Levels of Detail solids of revolution Partial renderings shadows texture reflections Interpolated movement

  17. CA Production Tasks Story Dept. Art Dept. Modeling Dept. Lighting Dept. Animation Dept. Rendering Dept.

  18. Digital Media Digital editing Digital video Digital audio

  19. History of Computer Animation Early activity The middle years Animation comes of age

  20. Early Activity Utah - first in graphics: DoD Evans & Sutherland, Frank Crow, Ed Catmull, Jim Blinn CMU - Don Greenberg, Architecture Michael Cohen, Andrew Witkin, Barr, Jessica Hodgins Ohio State - Artistic animation, Chuck Csuri zGrass, Dave Zeltzer, Doug Roble U. Penn - Norm Badler - human figure animation N.C. State - John Staudhammer, Early hardware raster displays N.Y.U. - Utah graduates: Ed Catmull, Alvy Ray Smith Montreal - Daniel Thalmann & Nadia Megnenat-Thalmann

  21. The Middle Years: the 80’s Pixar - six shorts; first to win Academy Award The Works - NYU Young Sherlock Holmes - first CG character Tron - first extensive use of CG The Last Starfighter - first synthetic space ship Future World - first use of CG Looker - first CG character The Abyss - first CG blobby particle system effect

  22. CA comes of age! : the 90’s breakthrough films Terminator 2 - extensive use of CG effects Jurrasic Park - first integrated CG figures Batman Returns - first use of CG stunt double Jumanji - first use of real CG figures Titanic - extensive use of CG human figures Star Wars - first major CG character Final Fantasy - most realistic use of CG human figures

  23. CA comes of age! Use of CG in traditional animation Beauty and the Beast - CG environment (ballroom) Tarzan - hand-drawn figures in CG environment (trees) Prince of Egypt - CG figures in hand-drawn environment Lion King - flocking control of wildebeast stampede

  24. CA comes of age! Use of CG astraditional animation Toy Story Shrek ANTZ Cars Etc.

  25. CA comes of age! Other notable films Saving Private Ryan - extensive use of CG sets & doubles LotR - extensive use of CG effects, characters Spiderman, Batman, ….

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