WaterWorld

1. Hydrological cycle = closed system, stores (eg oceans, rocks, glaciers, lakes) Drainage basin = open system, inputs (precipitation), outputs (run-off) , flows & Stores WaterWorld Keywords: Hydrosphere – where all water is . Biosphere- where all plants & animals are. Lithosphere- all rocks in the crust Both help control (regulate) flow of water through cycle Humans affected by where water is but also affect the quality & quantity available Water stress = drying up of rivers, lakes etc Water scarcity= physical (demand is more than supply) = economic (people cannot afford it) Tourism Agricultural demand energy Reasons for poor water quality & quality Can youdescribe this map of water scarcity? Name specific regions and countries Not Africa. (areas we have focused on Kerala, India, The Sahel & Nevada desert around Las Vegas.) urbanisation Population growth Climate change Water Management Large-scale (dams) Need to consider good & bad things Costs: expensive, affects environment, areas flooded, people have to move away, needs lots of maintenance Benefits: HEP, increased water supply Eg 3 Gorges, China Narmade, India Small Scale (appropriate/intermediate) Need to consider good & bad things Costs: usually need help from NGOs (charities), Benefits: easy to use and manintain for locals, fresh water supply, reduces disease Eg 3 hand wells, Ghana, micro-hydro schemes, Peru Kerala, India Water abstracted from Plachimada aquifer by Coca Cola. Locals water supply dried up because the big TNC used it to make drinks South of Sahara Climate change making it drier, population increase and over-grazing = desertification & famine West USA Water abstracted for tourism (hotels, golf courses etc). Lots used for agric as well