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The Nation Breaking Apart

The Nation Breaking Apart. Tensions Rise Between North and South Chapter 15 - 1. North & South Follow Different Paths. Key?- How did the economies of the North and South differ? Economies developed differently in North and South. North – small farms, industry,commerce.

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The Nation Breaking Apart

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  1. The Nation Breaking Apart Tensions Rise Between North and South Chapter 15 - 1

  2. North & South Follow Different Paths • Key?- How did the economies of the North and South differ? • Economies developed differently in North and South. • North – small farms, industry,commerce. • South – large plantations, slave labor. • Economic differences led to political differences.

  3. Industry & Immigration in the North • Growing industries attracted many immigrants to Northern cities. • Easterners & Immigrants were moving west. • Abolitionists – slavery immoral. • Northern workers believed slaves a threat to their job security.

  4. Agriculture & Slavery in the South • Southern economy mostly agricultural. • Wealthy planters dominated politics and society. • Exports of “cash crops” especially cotton. • Invested in land and slaves. • Most whites poor farmers who resented but tolerated the rich farmers. • Social superiority over the blacks.

  5. Slavery & Territorial Expansion • Key?- How did the territorial expansion inflame sectional conflicts? • Wilmot Proviso – outlawed slavery in territories acquired from Mexican War. • Didn’t pass, but created the Free-Soil Party.(stopping slavery) • Made slavery a key issue in politics. • Free-Soil Party won 10 seats in 1848

  6. The Compromise of 1850 • Debate about new territories upsetting the balance of free and slave states. • California – gold attracted settlers; enough to apply for free state status. • Senator Henry Clay drafted a plan to settle the problem; The Compromise of 1850.

  7. The Compromise of 1850 • California would be admitted as a free state. • Congress would not pass laws regarding slavery for new territories. • Congress would pass a stronger law to help slaveholders. • Senator Stephen Douglas succeeded into law despite much sectional bickering. • The Fugitive Slave Act – Northerners required to help recapture runaway slaves.

  8. The Crisis Deepens • Key? – How did the Fugitive Slave Act deepen the crisis? • Many Northerners defied the Fugitive Slave Act. • Uncle Tom’s Cabin (1852) – Harriet Beecher Stowe. • Written from the viewpoint of a slave. • Very popular in the North and heightened tensions with the South.

  9. Violence Erupts • Key?- Why did violence erupt in Kansas and Congress? • Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) • Divided the Nebraska Territory into two parts. • Popular sovereignty– residents would decide an issue. • Led to violence –Bleeding Kansas- people from Missouri voted illegally in Kansas. • John Brown – extreme abolitionist, led the Potawatomie Massacre. • Preston Brooks beat Charles Sumner unconscious with a cane in the Senate.

  10. Essential Questions • How did the economies of the North and South differ? • How did territorial expansion inflame sectional conflict? • How did the Fugitive Slave Act deepen the crisis? • Why was the Kansas-Nebraska Act so controversial?

  11. Websites • www.classzone.com • http://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/ourdocs/Compromise1850.html • http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aia/part4/4p2952.html

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