GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN PROJECT DESIGN

1. GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN PROJECT DESIGN Phuong Pham PhD Candidate Gender and Development Studies/SERD/AIT

2. Why do we need Gender Mainstreaming? Objectives of Gender Mainstreaming? What is Gender Mainstreaming? How to do Gender Mainstreaming?

3. Mainstreaming a gender perspective is a strategy for making the concerns and experiences of women as well as of men an integral part of the design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of policies and programmes in all political, economic and societal spheres, so that women and men benefit equally, and inequality is not perpetuated. The ultimate goal of mainstreaming is to achieve gender equality July 1997, the United Nations Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) What is gender mainstreaming???

4. Gender mainstreaming is a strategy developing policies, legislation, programs, project, society and community’s development plans from gender der equality perspective in order benefit both women and men. What is Gender Mainstreaming?

5. Gender differentiated division of labour Gender differentiated needs, interests, etc. Gender Inequity Why do we need Gender Mainstreaming? Society and family’s gender differentiated expectations and

6. Gender inequity related issues

7. Gender division of labour

8. Gender division of labour

9. Society and family’s gender differentiated expectations and

10. Objectives of mainstreaming gender issues projects Reduce gender inequities that may exist in a given project area; Ensure women and men’s specific needs are satisfied, that they benefit from the project and that the project impacts positively on their lives; Create the conditions for the equitable access of men and women to project resources and benefits; Create the conditions for the equitable participation in project implementation and decision making processes.

11. Three level of Gender Maistreaming Law of Gender Equity Gender equity is achieved when women and men have equal roles and positions, are provided equal conditions, opportunities in developing their abilities for the development of community, family, and equally benefit from development’s achievement • At legislation, policies, strategies level • At organization, department level • At household, family level

12. GENDER MAINSTREAMING IN PROJECT CYCLE

13. CASE STUDIES- Milk production project in Nepal

14. Project planning (1)

15. Project planning (2)

16. Monitoring and EvaluationINDICATORS

17. Monitoring and EvaluationINDICATORS

18. To achieve its objectives regarding gender… ● there is a strategy for mainstreaming gender; ● staff have an awareness of gender sensitive issues; ● the project incorporates methods which will facilitate the participation of both men and women; ● the monitoring and evaluation system incorporates gender disaggregated data and provides gender impact indicators; ● adequate human and financial resources are available.

19. What to expect in a successful gender mainstreaming project Equal participation by men and women in the decision-making processes for setting priorities and allocating resources Equal access to and control over society’s opportunities, resources and development outcomes by women and men Equal recognition and status for men and women Women and men enjoy equal human rights Equal improvements in and standards of quality of life for women and men

20. Crucial elements of a successful gender mainstreaming project ● strengthening of gender aspects both conceptually and operationally in all project components ● the need to define strategies for operationalizing gender issues; ● the need to define participatory strategies, practical tools and viable action plans for incorporating gender aspects in project components and subcomponents; ● the need to develop and adjust training programmes in gender at project coordination unit, beneficiary and intermediary levels the need to identify gender sensitive indicators for project monitoring and evaluation; ● the need for projects to offer more profitable productive activities for both men and women

21. Basic Principles of Gender Mainstreaming (1) • Adequate accountability mechanisms for monitoring progress need to be established.  • The initial identification of issues and problems across all area(s) of activity should be such that gender differences and disparities can be diagnosed.  • Assumptions that issues or problems are neutral from a gender-equality perspective should never be made.  • Gender analysis should always be carried out. 

22. Basic Principles of Gender Mainstreaming(2) • Clear political will and allocation of adequate resources for mainstreaming, including additional financial and human resources if necessary, are important for translation of the concept into practice.  • Gender mainstreaming requires that efforts be made to broaden women's equitable participation at all levels of decision-making.  • Mainstreaming does not replace the need for targeted, women-specific policies and programmes, and positive legislation; nor does it do away with the need for gender units or focal points

23. CASE STUDIES – Successful example of gender mainstreaming project Case study in NinhBinh – chophụnữhộnghèovayvốntíndụng

24. Exercise The Co Tu in Quang Nam province Gender issues: highly patriarchal, women do all the all, women are not involved in decision making process. Men used to do hunting but it’s no longer legal. Major livelihoods: upland shifting cultivation, NTFPs gathering High poverty rate => design a gender mainstreaming livelihood improvement project