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Fig. 1-29

Fig. 1-29. Inherited Disorders “Sporadic” Cancers Aging. Cystic Fibrosis Cholera. Cystic Fibrosis. Muscular Dystrophy. “Sporadic” Cancers Aging. Alzheimer’s Disease. Lysosomal Storage diseases. I-Cell Disease. Pg. 25. Drug Targets. Protein kinases. Membrane receptors. G proteins.

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Fig. 1-29

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  1. Fig. 1-29

  2. Inherited Disorders “Sporadic” Cancers Aging Cystic Fibrosis Cholera Cystic Fibrosis Muscular Dystrophy “Sporadic” Cancers Aging Alzheimer’s Disease Lysosomal Storage diseases I-Cell Disease Pg. 25

  3. Drug Targets Protein kinases Membrane receptors G proteins Ion channels Protein “pumps” Bcl-2 Family proteins Telomerase Microtubules Transport vesicles Translation components tRNA synthetases Ribosomes Topoisomerases

  4. Pg. 10

  5. 100 µM

  6. Microscopy Light Microscopy Electron Microscopy

  7. Pg. 10

  8. Light Microscopy Bright Field Phase-Contrast Differential Interference Contrast (DIC) Fluorescence

  9. Electron Microscopy (EM) Scanning EM Transmission EM

  10. Chemical Composition of Cells Pg. 58

  11. Pg. 79

  12. Chemical Bond Energies

  13. Gene Expression

  14. Monomer/Polymer

  15. Nitrogenous Bases of DNA and RNA Pg. 76

  16. Pg. 175

  17. 5’ 3’ 5’ 3’

  18. 0.34 nm Major Groove Minor Groove Pg. 171

  19. Topoisomerase Treated DNA

  20. Topoisomerase Relieves Stress of Overwinding During DNA Replication

  21. Topoisomerase is an Anti-Cancer Drug Target Camptothecin

  22. Werner Syndrome 15 yrs. 48 yrs. Mutation in gene encoding RecQ helicase

  23. Human Karyotype 247 M bp 47 M bp Pg. 179

  24. ~ 2 meters of DNA fits in the nucleus! Nucleus

  25. Nitrogenous Bases of DNA and RNA Pg. 76

  26. RNA Molecules 5’ 5’ 3’ 3’

  27. mRNA (gene expression) Transfer RNA (Translation) Ribosomal RNA (Translation) Small nuclear RNA (exon splicing) Micro RNA (Gene regulation) Small cytoplasmic RNA (protein transport) Ribozymes (numerous biochemical functions) Types of RNA Molecules

  28. Protein Functions Enzymes Membrane transport Intercellular transport Hormones Receptors Nanomachines Antibodies Toxins Fibers Bioluminescence/Fluorescence

  29. Pg. 74

  30. Amino Acid Side Chains (Pgs. 74-75)

  31. Extra carbon atom!

  32. alpha-helix ß-Sheet

  33. Hydrophobic Interactions in Tertiary Structure

  34. Hydrogen Bonding in Tertiary Structure

  35. Representations of Protein Tertiary Structure Wire Frame Backbone Space Filling Ribbon Pg. 132

  36. Quaternary Structure Pg. 141

  37. Protein Domains (Src protein)

  38. Chloride Ion Channel Protein

  39. Comparison of Protein Primary Structure Cyclin-dependent Kinase Proteins

  40. (cytosol or ER membrane)

  41. Complexity of Human Gene Expression

  42. RNA Synthesis OH OH OH Pg. 202 (Modified for RNA synthesis)

  43. Pg. 233

  44. 1 µm Pg. 233

  45. Exon/Intron Organization of Eukaryotic Genes Pg. 238

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