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ADHD

ADHD. Through the Life Cycle. ADHD Through The Life Cycle: Myths About ADHD. 1) Only affects children 2) Disappears in adolescence 3) Does not affect adults 4) Ritalin has paradoxical effects in children not in adults. ADHD Through The Life Cycle: Myths About ADHD(cont).

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ADHD

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  1. ADHD Through the Life Cycle

  2. ADHD Through The Life Cycle:Myths About ADHD • 1) Only affects children • 2) Disappears in adolescence • 3) Does not affect adults • 4) Ritalin has paradoxical effects in children not in adults

  3. ADHD Through The Life Cycle:Myths About ADHD(cont) • 5) Consequently it does not work in adults • 6) Dangerous drug because possibility of addiction

  4. ADHD Through The Life CycleHistory of the Disorder • First called minimal brain damage • Afterwards called minimal brain dysfunction • Next called ADD • Finally called ADHD

  5. ADHD Through The Life CycleEtiology of the Disorder • ADHD is a genetic disorder • Involves possibly several genes • They have a tendency to segregate together • This may mean they are close to one another

  6. ADHD Through The Life CycleEtiology of the Disorder • Runs in families • Manifests itself with different degrees of severity in a given generation • Manifest itself with different degrees of severity in each one of the various generations

  7. ADHD Through The Life CycleSome General Characteristics • Some have learning disabilities (5-10%) • Some have soft neurological signs • Watch for Tourette’s disorder • 1 or 2% may be co-morbid with BD • As they grow older can become ODD, CD etc

  8. ADHD Through The Life CycleSome General Characteristics • Lack of social skills, unpopular, need to be first • Needs are imperative, now, can not wait • Lower threshold for stimuli (ADHD a misnomer) • Writing a problem, reversal of letters etc

  9. ADHD Through The Life Cycle Symptoms In Children • Distractability, inability to pay attention • Hyperactivity (more in boys than girls) • Impulsivity (doing things without thinking of the consequences) • irritability (very short fuses)

  10. ADHD Through The Life Cycle Adult Characteristics • 1) ADHD persist into adulthood 75% of the time • 2) Up to 4% of adults suffer from it • 3) It can be quite crippling, according to severity of the disorder

  11. ADHD Through The Life Cycle Adult Characteristics • 4) Diagnosis similar to that in children but: a) At times hyperactivity is better controlled b) Only in adults nearly as many females as males

  12. ADHD Through The Life Cycle Adult Characteristics c) Early conflicts at school are the same but with a change of scenarios. School becomes the workplace, peers-spouses, teacher-bosses etc • 5) Treatment is similar to that of children

  13. ADHD Through The Life CycleSymptoms Of Adults • 1) Distractability in different degrees • 2) Hyperactivity present but better control sometimes • 3) Impulsivity (acting without thinking) • 4) Irritability, hot temper, affective lability • 5) Significant stress intolerance

  14. ADHD Through The Life CycleDrugs Used For Treatment • Drugs most used are various forms of: a) Ritalin(methylphenidate)(Various forms, Concerta) b) Dextro-amphetamines(Various forms) c) Tricyclics and/or antihipertensives d) Wellbutrin, Clonidine, neuroleptics etc e) Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (effective but very dangerous, particularly in children) f) Focalin and Ritalin La g)Atomoxetine (Strattera)

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