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We Love Prepositions!!!

We Love Prepositions!!!. Prepared By: Dipak Parikh Principal, Vakal Vidyalaya , Bajuwa , Baroda. PREPOSITION PREPOSITION: Pre + Position Pre= Before or Beginning Subject Subject is used in the beginning of a sentence.

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We Love Prepositions!!!

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  1. We Love Prepositions!!! Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  2. Prepared By: Dipak ParikhPrincipal, VakalVidyalaya, Bajuwa, Baroda Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  3. PREPOSITION • PREPOSITION: Pre + Position • Pre= Before or Beginning • Subject • Subject is used in the beginning of a sentence. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  4. Preposition tells us about the position of subject/agent in a sentence. Pre Subject (doer of- -action) Position Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  5. (1)ON: One object is on the surface of the other –to show this relationship we use preposition ‘on’. • Ex.(a) There is a dog on the chair. • (b) Children were playing games on the terrace. • The surface is horizontal here. But it can sometimes Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  6. -vertical. • Ex.(a) There is a picture on the wall. • (b) The teacher is writing on the blackboard. • (c) Last night we watched Kahanighargharki on T.V. • In the context of travelling : • (a) He goes to school on foot. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  7. Sometimes our perception of the world is different from the native speakers of English. In the following examples ‘On’ is used in English whereas we would use the equivalent of ‘In’. • Ex.(a) There is a diamond ring on Ritu’s finger. • (b) You have forgotten to put on socks on your legs. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  8. (2) In: One object is inside the other object. This can be indicated using ‘in’. • Ex. (a) The bird is in the cage. • (b) Passengers are in the bus. • (c) Students are in the class. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  9. Some times we look at the same thing in different ways. If we consider that something in enclosed by or inside the other thing we use in. • Ex. (a) The next match will be played in the Wankhede stadium. • (b) A cuckoo is singing in the tree. • (c) He looked at me after sitting in the chair. • (d) The T.V. is in the cupboard. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  10. (3)In to: An object/person • Moves to a place which is enclosed. This is expressed using the preposition ‘in to’ • Ex.(a) The man is going in to the tunnel. • (b) While walking he fell in to a pit. • (c) A frog jumped in to a pond. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  11. (d) Our bus entered in to the city of Baroda at night. • (e) A train is going into a pond. (4) Out of: An object/person moves away from the place which is enclosed. To indicate we use ‘out of’. Ex.(a) A snake is coming out of a temple. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  12. (b) A rate came out of the hole and looked at a camel. • (c) If you go our of Mumbai, You will get fresh air. • (5)Inside/Outside: An object/person is nearer or away from the centre of something, we use ‘Inside’ or ‘outside’. • Ex.(a) The bird is inside the cage. . Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  13. (b)When you are out side, you are not in a building or other structure. ( (c)My house is out side the village. (d) the dog is out side the house. (6) Above: One object is at a higher level than the other object. This can be indicated- Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  14. -by using the preposition ‘Above’. Ex. • The clouds above the trees are moving very slowly today. • The "Do Not Enter" sign is above the "Wrong Way" sign. •  The red light is abovethe yellow and green light. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  15. 4. A bat is flying above his head and he's freaking out. • 5.She is above me in the class room. (in the sense of progress also.) • (7) Over: One object is at a higher level than the other object. Moreover the two are in a vertical position. That is Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  16. -they are almost in one line. To indicate this we use ‘over’. Sometimes it is to be used for mentioning distance. Ex. • There is picture over the table. • The man is dancing over the table. • Bob is over the river. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  17. (d) The aero plane is flying over the river. • (e) She is carrying an umbrella over her head. • (f) The golden bridge is over the river the Narmada. • (g) An old man is walking bending over his stick. (In the context of lifting weight) Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  18. (8) Below: One object is at a lower level than the other object. One can describe this situation by using ‘below’ . • Ex.(1) The arrow hit below the target. • (2) Those huts are bellow the hill. • (3) Kanyakumari is below Chennai. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  19. (9) Under: One object is at a lower level than the other object. In addition, the two are in a vertical position, that is they are almost in one line. To describe this we use ‘under’. Ex. • (1) There is a cat under the table. • (2)There is a basement under this building. • (3)Tired traveler sat under a tree. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  20. (10)Across: A thing is on the other side of something or a thing is moving on the other side of something. We can describe this using ‘across’. • Ex.(1) "He threw the ball across the court. • (2) Bob is walking across the bridge. • (3) Ramesh is parking his- Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  21. -bike across the road. • (4)The boat is going across the river. • (5)There is a village across this river. • (11)Upward/Downward: • An object is in the direction of the sky or an object is moving in the direction of the sky-we use ‘up’ or ‘upward’. An object is in the Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  22. -in the opposite direction of the sky or it is moving in the opposite direction of the sky. We use ‘down’ or ‘downward’. • Ex. (1) The missile is going up. • (2) Very soon the plane will go up in the sky. • (3) Trees grow upwards. • (4) The nuclear missile went up within seconds Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  23. (5)An apple is falling down. • (6) Manoj was knocked down by a scooterist. • (12) Along: A thing is moving parallel to something or is in the same direction. To indicate this we use ‘along’. Ex. • (1) The trees are along the high way. • (2)Gagan is walking along the river. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  24. (3) Our bus was running along the railway track. • (13) Through: A thing moves straight but in the process passes through something such as air, water, glass, grass etc. This can be shown using ‘through’. Ex. • (1)The plane passes through clouds. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  25. (2) A deer is running thorough grass • (3) This bus does not go through the ccity. • (14) Towards: A person or a thing is moving in the direction of someone/something, we use preposition to/towards. Ex. • (1) Rajesh and Meena are going to school. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  26. (2) Pupils are going to school. • (3) Mohan ran towards the bus but could not catch it. • (4) Samir went to Delhi for Job. • (15) From: A person or a thing is moving in the opposite direction of something. We convey this Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  27. -meaning using ‘from’. Ex. • (1)Mr. Christi and Mrs. Christi are coming from church. • (2) She just feel as if they are coming from the heaven. • (3) Rajesh and Meena are coming from school. • (4) Ramesh normally comes from office at six. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  28. (16) Between: When we want to say that a person or a thing is flanked by two objects or persons we use ‘between’. Ex. • (1) The girl is between two trees. • (2) There is ball between two squares. • (3) There is Television between dog and cat. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  29. (4) My village is between Umreth and Dakor. • (5) There is a red ball between two shoes. • (17) Among: To indicate that someone or something is surrounded by many things or persons we use ‘among’. Ex. (1) Miss Maria is the tallest girl among all her family members. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  30. (2) The picture of Bob is among the boxes. • (3) The man is walking among the trees. • (4) There is red marble among black marbles. • (18) Before and After : To indicate sequence in terms of place we use ‘before’ or ‘after’. Something that comes first is Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  31. -placed before will be used. Something that comes later after will be used. Ex. • (1) A comes before B. • (2) B comes before C. • (3) B comes after A. • (4) C comes after B. • (5) There is a garden before the house • (6) Anand comes before Vadodara. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  32. (19) At:- To mention place or time ‘at’ can be used. When we talk about small village or city we can use ‘at’. But when we talk about big town or city ‘in’ can be used. Ex. • (1) I came at 5 O’clock. • (2) Darshan met him at the station. (3)He was born at wadhwan. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  33. But if we talk about in context of big city- ‘in’ can be used. • (1) We live in Bombay. • (2) She lives in America. • (20) By : The one meaning of ‘by’ indicates an agent. Ex. • (1) The tiger is killed by hunter. • (2) Rahul goes to school by bus. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  34. (21) With: To mention with someone else or some others and to mention with some instrument, preposition ‘with’ can be used. Ex. • (1) I write with a pen. • (2) Manish goes to school with Rahim. • (3) He killed a tiger with a gun. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  35. (22) Beside/Besides: ‘Beside’ can be used to indicate near by area(close to or next to)- totally nearer to a person and ‘besides’ can be used to mention on and above.( In addition to-apart from)Ex. • (1) I sat beside my friend. • (2) Besides this house they have one in the native place. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  36. (3) My house is located beside the school.(Near the school) • (4) She wants to buy pens besides pencils. • (23) Beyond: To mention the Other side, additional ‘beyond’ Can be used. Ex. • There are clouds beyond the river. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  37. (2) There is the sun beyond the river. • (3) There are clouds beyond the pyramid. • (4) There is a garden beyond the river. • (5) I worked beyond one hour. • (24)Of: In the context of ownership and in the case of Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  38. -dying the person due to any Disease, ‘of’ can be used. Ex. • Byron died of cancer. • All the nations of the world want peace. • There is an accusation of theft against the lady. (25) Up to: To mention the Certain limits or not more Than, ‘up to’ can be used. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  39. (1) We walked up to the hills. • (26) From: In the context of • Specific time and specific place • ‘from’ can be used, and if the person suffers from certain disease ‘from’ can be used. Ex. • (1) I went from Vadodara to Ahmedabad by us. • (2) He works from morning to • Evening. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  40. (3) The man is suffering from cholera. • (27) For: for mentioning period of time and for mentioning reason(sometimes) ‘for’ can be used. Ex. • (1) He has been working here for ten years. • (2)He died for a noble cause. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  41. (3) He was punished for his Carelessness. (28) Since: To mention specific Time (point of time) and sometimes for mentioning reason ‘since’ can be used. Ex. • I have not seen him since 15th August, 2012. • I have been serving here since 15th June, 2006. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  42. (29) Till/Un till : To mention Up to certain period of time‘till’ or ‘un till’ can be used.Ex. • (1) wait here till I come back. (2) Don’t go until I return. Dipakbhai V.Parikh

  43. The End Dipakbhai V.Parikh

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