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Basic Seismic Processing

GEOM. VEL ANAL. Basic Seismic Processing. INPUT. FILTER. CMP Gather. NMO. MUTE. STATICS. STACK. MIGRATE. DISPLAY. More Seismic Processing. NMO. FK FILTER. GAIN RCVR. GEOM. INPUT. DECON. MUTE. EDIT. COHERENCY ENHANCE. BP FILTER. CMP Gather. DEMUX. STATICS. MIGRATE.

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Basic Seismic Processing

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  1. GEOM VEL ANAL Basic Seismic Processing INPUT FILTER CMP Gather NMO MUTE STATICS STACK MIGRATE DISPLAY

  2. More Seismic Processing NMO FK FILTER GAIN RCVR GEOM INPUT DECON MUTE EDIT COHERENCY ENHANCE BP FILTER CMP Gather DEMUX STATICS MIGRATE FK FILTER DMO/ MIGRATE TIME TO DEPTH VIB CORR DECON VEL ANAL STACK COHERENCY ENHANCE DISPLAY SAVE

  3. Stack

  4. Migration actual Seismic section (unmigrated) Migration(move it back) sin() = tan (a), where  = true dip, a = apparent dip

  5. Migration: Syncline

  6. Migration Effects Models (perfectly migrated) Synthetic Seismic Sections (Unmigrated)

  7. Diffraction Point Reflector (Diffractor) Reflection Response (Diffraction)

  8. Diffraction Model of Generic Reflection Multiple diffractors Dx = finite Multiple diffractors Dx 0

  9. Migration with Velocity Distortion Layer 1 Layer 2 Layer 3 ALL

  10. Depth Migration & Stack Smearing Zero-0ffset (Single fold) 10 Fold Stack

  11. Migration Ex: Syncline Before After Migration ?

  12. Migration Ex: Fault Before Migration After Migration

  13. Migration Example Before Migration After Migration

  14. Migration: Methodology unmigrated migrated Wavefront Summation (Kirchoff Stack) Diffraction Summation (Diffraction Stack)

  15. Migration Methodology Exploding Reflector (Back Propagation, Wave Equation Finite Difference, FK)

  16. Migration Artifacts: Aperture 35 traces 70 traces 150 traces 256 traces

  17. Migration Artifacts: Velocity True V V 5% low V 10% low V 20% low

  18. Migration and Noise Unmigrated Migrated Random Noise Random Noise + Migration Migration “smiles” esp at edges of data

  19. Migration: Voila Note: Steep dip migration

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