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Traditional African Society

Traditional African Society. MAYO. 1000 different languages; 1000+ different tribes. An African’s “Search for Identity”. 1. Nuclear Family. 2. Extended Family. 3. Age-Set. 4. Clan. 5. Lineage (ancestry). TRIBE (communal living). Mask With Headcloth, Zaire (19c).

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Traditional African Society

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  1. Traditional African Society MAYO

  2. 1000 different languages; 1000+ different tribes

  3. An African’s “Search for Identity” 1. Nuclear Family 2. Extended Family 3. Age-Set 4. Clan 5. Lineage (ancestry) TRIBE (communal living)

  4. Mask With Headcloth, Zaire (19c) Tribal Mark  scarification

  5. Kisokolo Initiation Costume, Democratic Republic of the Congo

  6. Kisokolo Initiates, Democratic Republic of the Congo, 1990

  7. Woman & Child, Kongo

  8. Family Group, Tanzania

  9. Problems of Tribalism Today 1. The tribe is more important than the nation. 2. Communication problems. 3. Inter-tribal warfare  civil wars. 4. Tribal favorites for government jobs: Nepotism Breaks down tribal traditions. Urbanization: Tribal intermingling on the job.

  10. Traditional African Religion ANIMISM 1. Belief in one remote Supreme Being. 2. A world of spirits (good & bad) in all things. 3. Ancestor veneration. 4. Belief in magic, charms, and fetishes. 5.Diviner mediator between the tribe and God.

  11. African Diviner (Shaman)

  12. Ancestors

  13. Fetishes

  14. Fetishes

  15. Rubbing Oracle, wood

  16. Other Religions in Africa ISLAM  25%* Nigeria largest sub-Saharan Muslim countries. CHRISTIANITY  20%

  17. Common Traits or Characteristics of Traditional African Tribal Life • The good of the group comes ahead of the good of the individual. • All land is owned by the group. • Strong feeling of loyalty to the group. • Important ceremonies at different parts of a person’s life. • Special age and work associations. • Deep respect for ancestors. • Religion is an important part of everyday life. • Government is in the hands of the chiefs [kings].

  18. West Africa • West African Forest Region • Senegambia, Benin • Significant contributions to New World population via transatlantic slave trade • Small self-supporting agricultural villages • High value placed on land cultivation • Yams, plantains, bananas, beans … fish oysters … monkeys, rabbits

  19. African Kingdoms … this map indicates major kingdoms but certainly not all tribes, cultures, or language groups.

  20. Sudan • Songhay • Niger region … western/central • Islam … greater centralization • Muhammad Toure • Leader who enhanced economic prosperity • Abundant food supply • Large canoe fleet - trade with Timbuktu

  21. Ethiopia • East African Christian Kingdom • Muslim state of Adal began invasions in 1500s • Muslims forced conversion to Islam and destroyed Christian art, Ehtiopian cultural treasures, etc. • Portuguese … re-conquest under Roman Catholicism

  22. Ethiopia • More invasions form central Africa • Eventually Jesuit missionaries • European Christianity vs. Coptic Christianity • Ethiopia very much split among various Christian sects, Muslims, Anamists, etc.

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