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Direct images of edge flames

Direct images of edge flames. Single flame, 6.5% CH 4 in air, V = 50 cm/sec Twin-flame, 8.0% CH 4 / 32.0% O 2 / 56.0% CO 2 (low Le), V = 40 cm/sec Twin-flame, 2.3% C 3 H 8 / 23.0% O 2 / 74.7% He (high Le), V = 40 cm/sec Field of view is 2.9 cm x 8.1 cm for each image.

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Direct images of edge flames

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  1. Direct images of edge flames Single flame, 6.5% CH4 in air, V = 50 cm/sec Twin-flame, 8.0% CH4 / 32.0% O2 / 56.0% CO2 (low Le), V = 40 cm/sec Twin-flame, 2.3% C3H8 / 23.0% O2 / 74.7% He (high Le), V = 40 cm/sec Field of view is 2.9 cm x 8.1 cm for each image

  2. Interferometer images of edge-flames Single edge-flame 7.5% CH4 in air V = 40 cm/sec Twin edge-flame 7.4% C3H8 / 29.6% O2 / 63.0% CO2 V = 45 cm/sec Twin edge-flame 2.85% C3H8 in air V = 40 cm/sec Field of view is 1.3 cm x 4.0 cm for each image

  3. Comparison of premixed twin uniform & edge flames

  4. Comparison of premixed single uniform & edge flames

  5. Comparison of nonpremixed uniform & edge flames

  6. Diffusive-thermal instabilities Single edge-flame 9.5% CH4 / 19.0% O2 / 71.5% CO2 (low Le) V = 40 cm/sec Twin edge-flame 2.60% C3H8 / 20.5% O2 / 76.9% CO2 (high Le) V = 30 cm/sec Uniform twin-flame 2.4% C3H8 / 24.0% O2 / 73.6% He (high Le) V = 40 cm/sec Field of view is 2.3 cm x 7.4 cm for each image

  7. Cellular instability of nonpremixed flamesUpper: O2/SF6: 46.7/53.3, 20 cm/sLower CH4/SF6:46.7/53.3, 20 cm/s

  8. Shadowgraph images of nonpremixed flamesUpper: O2/N2: 36/64, 20 cm/sLower H2/N2:18/82, 20 cm/s

  9. Future work • Propagating & retreating edge flames Single premixed Twin premixed

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