1 / 42

LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE HUNGARIAN NUCLEAR EMERGENCY RESPONSE EXERCISE 2004

National Radiological Emergency Preparedness Conference, Inc. 15th Annual Conference Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 11-14 April 2005. LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE HUNGARIAN NUCLEAR EMERGENCY RESPONSE EXERCISE 2004. Geza Macsuga Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority e-mail: macsuga@haea.gov.hu

fordon
Download Presentation

LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE HUNGARIAN NUCLEAR EMERGENCY RESPONSE EXERCISE 2004

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. National Radiological Emergency Preparedness Conference, Inc. 15th Annual Conference Harrisburg, Pennsylvania 11-14 April 2005 LESSONS LEARNEDFROM THE HUNGARIAN NUCLEAR EMERGENCY RESPONSE EXERCISE 2004 Geza Macsuga Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority e-mail: macsuga@haea.gov.hu phone: +36 1 4364910 fax: +36 1 4364909

  2. Topics • Introduction • Exercise type, scope, etc. • Evaluation • Lessons learnt 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  3. Europe 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  4. Hungary 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  5. Basic data on Hungary • Republic • Member country of the Europen Union • Area: 93.000 km2 • Population: 10 million • Capital: Budapest (1,8 million) • Highest point: 1015 m • Largest lake: Balaton (cca. 75 x 3 km) • Neighbouring countries: Austria, Slovakia, Ukraine, Rumania, Yugoslavia, Croatia, Slovenia 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  6. 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  7. Hungarian nuclear program (1/3) • Paks NPP • four VVER-440/213 type reactors of 470MWe • commissioned in 1983, 84, 86, 87 • six-loop, horizontal steam-generators • provides cca. 40% of domestic electric energy production • PSR of units 1 to 4 is over 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  8. 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  9. Hungarian nuclear program (2/3) • Interim spent fuel storage facility • dry storage for 50 years • at the premises of the NPP • 7 modules in use, 4 more under construction • 10 MWt research reactor • VVER-SM • Operated by the KFKI Atomic Energy Research Institute 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  10. Hungarian nuclear program (3/3) • 100 kW training reactor • operated by the Technical University of Budapest • used for education • Preparatory work for final storage site selection of low and medium level radwaste • Central Nuclear Financial Fund for interim and final disposal and decommissioning 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  11. Role and tasks of the HAEA • During preparation and planning phase • International Contact Point and Competent Authority • Regulatory tasks in nuclear safety matter • Coordination of international cooperation in nuclear safety • Maintenance of its own preparedness • In case of an emergency • Facility diagnosis and prognosis • Evaluation of the radiological situation and prognosis of consequences • International communication • Decision support to NDC • Public information 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  12. Structure of the HNERS 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  13. Exercise type, scope, etc. • Two-day long, comprehensive, table-top • Exercise Day 1 2004.11.09. 7:30-16:00 • Exercise Day 2 2004.11.10. 7:30-16:00 • Central organs, ministries, local defense committees and their local organs 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  14. Objectives of the exercise • Test the new National ERP • Exercise the emergency response related activities • Test the new National Public Information Plan, exercise the related activities • Exercise the obligations from international conventions and bilateral agreements 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  15. Scenario – initial state • Hypothetical accident at Paks NPP • 4 units of VVER-440/213 type • Nominal power 470 MWe • Unit 3 is at nominal power • Reserve power supply from Unit 4 is not available due to maintenance • One of the three diesel-generators is failed, the other is under maintenance 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  16. Scenario – Phase 1 • LOCA - break of 10% on loop 2 • Protection signals: hermetization, L&HP ECCS • One of the three LP ECCS is out • Hermetization failure • Release of primary coolant activity 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  17. Scenario – Phase 2 • After 2 h 15 m: electric fire • Both normal and external power supply failed • One of two diesel-generators failed during start-up • Release of primary coolant activity • Increased core damage probability 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  18. Scenario – Phase 3 • After 4 h 5 m the last diesel-generator failed  no core cooling • Release • core temperature increases, after an hour cladding defects, gap release • release to atmosphere increases 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  19. Scenario – Phases 4-5 • Phase 4 • Core cooling restored (successful start-up of a diesel-generator) • Release significantly decreased • Phase 5 • Hermetization successful • Release terminated 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  20. Evaluation process 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  21. Meeting the objectives (1/2) • A. – Applicability of the ERPs • The objective was met, the participants implemented all their tasks, the ERPs were applicable for regulating the related activities • Further clarifications and modifications in the ERPs are necessary • The operating manual at several organs shall be updated • B. – Exercise the response activities • The objective was met, the participants • exercised their tasks and duties • gained useful experiences and • enlarged their knowledge 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  22. Meeting the objectives (2/2) • C. – Public information • The ministries did not really perform public information • Simulation of the media/public interest and press conference • The objective was not fully met • D. – Communication by international conventions • The objective was evaluated in relation to HAEA • Several neighboring countries joined the exercise • The communication was well documented • The international requirements were met • The international communication did not created high pressure • The objective was met 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  23. Evaluation of the main processes (1/10) • Preparation for the exercise • Organization • shortage of time • reduced scope of the exercise • decisions in the final preparatory stage  unexpected revision of documents • Scenario • the general plan was lately finalized  short time for lower level plans 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  24. Evaluation of the main processes (2/10) • Conduct of the exercise • Conduct • the second day scenario did not challenge the players • the role of the Senior Controller was not clear for the players • Planning and implementation • the same report arrived several times to the same organization • important information did not arrived or arrived with delay • the directly not effected counties did not have essential tasks 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  25. Evaluation of the main processes (3/10) • Alert of the HNERS • Central organs • exhaustive list of primary notification  delays in alerting by the Paks NPP • the leaders NDC and OpS were timely notified, but the members were not • Ministries • not all ministries were completely notified • there was a shortage of available experts, the operation is not ensured in case of long lasting emergency • Local Defense Committees • the directly not effected counties did not receive notification in time 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  26. Evaluation of the main processes (4/10) • Assessment-evaluation • Central organs • GCC EC distributed assessment results without preliminary harmonization with NDC Expert Panel  uncertainties in the HNERS • results of RODOS, SINAC and BALDOS significantly differed • Ministries • emergency centers received contradictory assessment results • Local Defense Committees • no harmonization of input data among the assessment teams, lack of coordination was observed  different proposals on measures 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  27. Evaluation of the main processes (5/10) • Decision-making • Central organs • the NDC did not perform its coordinative and integrative role • parallel and overlapping operation of NDC and OpS caused confusion • Ministries • lack of experts  were not able to fully perform their tasks • Local Defense Committees • Paks NPP information was extremely important in the early phase • decision competence was not clear: counties defense committees made their own decisions or they implemented central decisions 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  28. Evaluation of the main processes (6/10) • Coordination of countermeasures • Central organs • decision competence on countermeasures was not clearly defined • some counties defense committees made their own decisions even after the operation of NDC • Ministries • received late information on central decisions  not prepared for prompt implementation • Local Defense Committees • no detailed methodology of urgent and long term measures • protective and measuring equipment was incomplete at local organs 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  29. Evaluation of the main processes (7/10) • Public information • Central organs • limited scope of planned activities • Ministries • did not perform public information activities • Local Defense Committees • the national ERP did not regulate adequately the interface with the media 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  30. Evaluation of the main processes (8/10) • Communication • Central organs • the information and communication paths were not clearly defined • no feedback on the reports sent out to other organs • the use of cell phones in case of emergency was not regulated adequately • Ministries • the interface was not properly regulated between the representatives at the central organs and the ministerial emergency centers • Local Defense Committees • the committees received sometimes too much or too less information or similar information from several organs 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  31. Evaluation of the main processes (9/10) • Quality assurance • the actual date and time were not shown on all documents • the importance of self-control was not emphasized at all organizations • document format and content requirements were not harmonized • National ERP • the national ERP shall be updated • the national ERP did not regulate the quality assurance issues • the legal status of the national ERP was unclear 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  32. Evaluation of the main processes (10/10) • Evaluation of the exercise • preparation of evaluators was successful • the hierarchical organization of evaluators operated smoothly • the methodology provided that problems at all levels were detected • subjective statements, misunderstandings in the evaluation reports • the „yes-no” questionnaire: • did not support the process-based evaluation • did not provide enough information for comprehensive evaluation • in case of doubts the majority of the evaluators selected „yes” • differently structured evaluation report  difficulty in assembling the comprehensive evaluation 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  33. Good practices (1/3) • Preparation for the exercise • the exercise was financed from the participants own budget • preparatory workshops, trainings and drills contributed to the success • Control of the exercise • thanks to the high level commitment the exercise was successfully conducted • shortages in the second day scenario were solved by the controllers by giving the players preliminary not defined tasks • Start up of the HNERS • experts responded efficiently and timely to all messages of Paks NPP • the duty-officers were experienced and knew well the alerting system 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  34. Good practices (2/3) • Assessment-evaluation • the accessibility of meteorological data was quick and excellent • the Ministry of Education involved to the exercise its own network laboratories • Decision-making • the chairman of OpS prepared a summary report for the Chairman of the GCC • Coordination of countermeasures • the directly effected three counties were better prepared • the Somogy County Defense Committee assessed the technical background of implementation of long term protective measures in the LPZ • Public information • the organs recognized the importance of authentic and timely information • press release templates were prepared in advance easily adaptable to any actual situation to assist public information experts 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  35. Good practices (3/3) • Communication • the MARATHON introduced successfully • Quality assurance • the Paks NPP and the neighboring counties regularly consulted • National ERP • the national ERP provided good basis for preparation of lower level ERPs • Evaluation of the exercise • the methodology was successful, the organization functioned well 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  36. Recommendations for improvement (1/5) • Preparation for the exercise • elaboration of long term training and exercise plan • elaboration of annual training and exercise program • Conduct of the exercise • the owner of the exercise shall be the leader of the most competent authority • Alert of the HNERS • procedure of multi level alerting exercise shall be prepared for the entire HNERS: • legal background • the national ERP • experiences with the IAEA and EU alerting exercise system • alerting exercises for all levels of HNERS shall be incorporated in the annual plan 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  37. Recommendations for improvement (2/5) • Assessment-evaluation • harmonization • exchange of input data • conditions and applicability of analysis tools • comparison and understanding of results • elaboration of proposals for the decision makers • Decision-making • the roles and responsibilities of central and local governments shall be revised • structural simplification and relocation of roles and responsibilities • comprehensive survey on the entire staff of HNERS 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  38. Recommendations for improvement (3/5) • Coordination of countermeasures • OpS shall collect and distribute information on the implementation of protective measures • Public information • elaborate an easily adaptable plan of a typical public information exercise • preparation • conduct • evaluation • incorporate public information exercise into the HNERS annual training program • comprehensive evaluation of the national public information capabilities 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  39. Recommendations for improvement (4/5) • Communication • elaborate and implement the concept of a comprehensive informatics system • Quality assurance • introduce a comprehensive and unified QA system for the HNERS • National ERP • ensure the regular maintenance of the national ERP • Evaluation of the exercise • revise the evaluation methodology to evaluate and compare different exercises on a unified basis 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  40. Recommendations for improvement (5/5) • Implementation of the recommendations • organizations level • head of the organ • determination of priorities • planning and implementation • HNERS level • GCC coordinates • the NER TSC is involved 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  41. Summary • The HNERS is prepared for nuclear emergency • The exercise was useful • Importance of regular exercises • Good practices were identified • Further actions for improvement 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

  42. Abbreviations ERO – Emergency Response Organization ERP – Emergency Response Plan GCC – Governmental Coordination Committee GCC EC – Governmental Coordination Committee Emergency Center HAEA ERO – Hungarian Atomic Energy Authority Emergency Response Organization HNERS – Hungarian Nuclear Emergency Response System IAEA – International Atomic Energy Agency L&HP ECCS – Low & High Pressure Emergency Core Cooling System LOCA – Loss of Coolant Accident LPZ – long term protective action zone MARATHON – protected electronic mailing system for governmental use MoI – Ministry of the Interior NDC – Nuclear Emergency Defense Committee NEIC – Nuclear Emergency Information Center NER TSC – Nuclear Emergency Response Technical Scientific Council OpS – Operative Staff Paks NPP – Paks Nuclear Power Plant PIG – Public Information Group RODOS – Real-time On-line Decision Support System 15th Annual NREP Conference, Harrisburg, Pennsylvania

More Related