1 / 36

Civics 11 Course Review

Civics 11 Course Review. “What won’t kill you, Will only make you stronger.”. Historical Roots of Canadian Gov’t. Magna Carta – 1215 English Civil War (ended 1649) – The Enlightment

florence-montgomery
Download Presentation

Civics 11 Course Review

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Civics 11Course Review “What won’t kill you, Will only make you stronger.”

  2. Historical Roots of Canadian Gov’t • Magna Carta– 1215 • English Civil War (ended 1649) – The Enlightment • English Bill of Rights (1689) – Parliamentary system created and end of absolute monarchy. Freedoms guaranteed: speech, press, rel., assembly, from search • American Revolution (1776) – Decl. Of Independence • French Rev. (1789) – Declaration of the Rights of Man

  3. Events Which Shaped British Rule in NA • Seven Years’ War (1756-63) & Battle of the Plains of Abraham (1759) • The Quebec Act (1774) – French Civil Code • Constitutional Act of 1791 – split Quebec into 2 colonies. • War of 1812 – evol of towards sovereignty for Canada. • Rebellions of 1837 – change to politics in Canada • Confederation (1867) – BNA Act – Dominion of

  4. Structure of Government • Federal system – divisions of power – feds & provs • Transfer payments • Equalization payments

  5. Branches of Gov’t 1.) Legislative (parliament) - Elected House of Commons (Lower) (308 seats) – MPs from political parties - Appointed Senate (Upper House) - Monarch • Purpose: to make laws

  6. 2.) Executive - Monarch - PM - Cabinet - Bureaucracy • Purpose: to carry out laws

  7. 3.) Judicial Branch - court system - highest court: Supreme Court of Canada - headed by Chief Justice • Purpose: to interpret laws

  8. Federal Legislative Branch • Majority / Minority gov’t • Opposition • Third parties • Ministers form Cabinet (Executive Council) • H of C – speaker, backbenchers, official opp and shadow cabinet, clerks, sergeant at arms, mace • Senate – seats, reform • Monarch & Governor General – role • Passage of a bill - stages

  9. Provincial Legislative Branch • No senate • Legislative Assembly = H of C • 85 seats – MLAs • Premier – Gordon Campbell • Lieutenant Governor – Steven Point

  10. Provincial Executive Branch • Cabinet headed by Premier • Ministries with Ministers as head • Provincial jurisdiction – education, health, highways, forestry, environment, municipal affairs, etc.

  11. Territorial Governments • Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut • In the Constitution, they are under federal gov’t jurisdiction. • Elected assemblies with Premier and appointed Cabinet • Legally, feds have final say in decision-making. • Feds have given more power to territories.

  12. Municipal Gov’ts • Under provincial jurisdiction • Elected mayor and council • Pass bylaws • Responsible for city streets, transit, building permits, garbage, sewage, local parks and sports facilities. • Revenue comes from tax on land and buildings, grants from prov and fed gov’ts • Municipalities can come together on issues – regional districts (CRD in Victoria)

  13. Political Ideologies • Political spectrum – left-wing, centre, right-wing • Communism, Socialism, Liberalism, Conservatism, Fascism. • See chart • Canadian political parties: - NDP – left - Liberals – centre - Conservatives – right - Bloc Quebecois – originally single issue, but now mix of left and right policies. - Green – also single issue, but now much broader.

  14. BC politics: - NDP – left of centre - BC Liberals – right of centre - Green – no seats ever

  15. Process of Elections • Dissolution – ending Parliament • Nomination – choosing a candidate to run • Enumeration – compiling eligible voters • Campaigning – candidates communicate beliefs to voters • Balloting – casting a vote on election day • Tabulation – counting votes • Voting system – First-Past-the-Post or simple plurality voting system

  16. Minority gov’t • Majority gov’t • Coalition gov’t • Rep-by-pop • Redistribution • Alternative voting systems • Recalls • Referendum

  17. Rights and Responsibilities • Rule of law • Common law • Criminal law & Civil Law • Charter of Rights & Freedoms (1982) • BC Human Rights Code • Citizenship – rights & responsibilities • Immigration, refugees, permanent residents • Minority rights • Aboriginal rights

  18. Evolution of Canadian Independence • BNA Act (1867) • WWI (1914-8) • Halibut Treaty (1923) • British Commonwealth (1926) • Statute of Westminster (1931) • WWII (1939-45) • Canadian Flag (1965) – Lester B. Pearson • Patriation of Constitution (1982) - Constitution Act, 1982 – new part of Constitution

  19. Canada’s Role in Global Conflicts • WWI (1914-18) • WWII (1939-45) • Cold War (1946-89) - NATO, Korean War, NORAD,

  20. Canada & the United Nations • Canada – middle power • US & USSR - superpowers • Pearson – Pres of General Assembly (1950s) • Purpose – to keep peace in the world • Structure – GA, SC, Secretariat, the Secretary-General

  21. Canada’s Role in the UN • One of founding members • Peacekeeping – Suez Crisis (1956), Congo, Cyprus, Middle East, former Yugoslavia. • Some failures – Somalia (1993), Rwanda (1994) with Canadian General Romeo Dallaire. • Prominent Canadians – John Humphrey, Louise Frechette, Louise Arbour, Stephen Lewis.

  22. UN Agencies • International Court of Justice • International Criminal Court • Kyoto Accord • Mine Ban Treaty (Ottawa Treaty) • WHO • UNESCO • UNICEF • World Bank • International Monetary Fund

  23. International Organizations • World Trade Organization (WTO) • Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) • Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC) • NATO, NORAD, NAFTA, Commonwealth, G-8, G-20,

  24. Canada & Foreign Aid • Bilateral Aid • Multilateral Aid • NGOs • CIDA

  25. Canada & International Rights • La Francophonie • UN Declaration of Human Rights (1948) - Eleanor Roosevelt • Apartheid • Civil Rights Movement (US)

  26. Canada & the US • UN & NATO & NORAD • Economy & Trade – till recently, largest bilateral trading partners in the world. • Free Trade – NAFTA • Problems – softwood lumber dispute • Military problems – anti-missile, Iraq • Arctic Sovereignty

  27. International Conflict Since 1991 • Gulf War (1990-1) • Former Yugoslavia (1995) – NATO • Afghanistan (2001-present) – NATO • Iraq War (2003) • Peacekeeping to Peacemaking (since 1999)

  28. Effecting Civic Change (p.199) • Voting • Join a political party • Set a good example • Write letters to the editor/MLA/MP • Set up a blog • Peaceful protest demonstration • Join a pressure group • Work for an NGO

  29. Civic Change in Democratic Gov’ts • Careful to have support of voting public, or run risk of losing power in elections. • Change can be slow – debate and pass laws. • Examples: • Medicare & Canada Pension Plan – 1960s under Lester Pearson’s Liberal gov’t. • The Charter & Bilingualism – 1970s & 80s under Pierre Trudeau’s Liberal gov’t • NAFTA – 1989 under Brian Mulroney’s Progressive Conservative gov’t.

  30. Methods to Gain Input Democratically • Open house • Public hearing • Public agenda meeting • Delegation • Public planning session • referendum

  31. Authoritarian Gov’ts • Dictatorship with military force • Examples: • Nazi Germany – 1933 Hitler in power, 1935 Nuremberg Laws, by 1941 concentration & extermination camps – Holocaust • Communist Soviet Union – 1920s Joseph Stalin is leader, farms taken away from peasants and run by gov’t, protesters sent to concentration camps in Siberia.

  32. Individuals Who Influenced Civic Change • Emily Murphy – womens’ rights in Canada • MLK Jr. • Mohandas Gandhi • Rosa Parks • Terry Fox • Craig Kielburger • Rick Hansen

  33. NGOs • Non-profit orgs for a particular purpose • Work with governments, but not controlled by policies • In the early days, concerned with anti-slavery, women’s suffrage, world disarmament. • Examples: • CIDA, World Vision, Greenpeace, MADD, Amnesty International, Red Cross, Corporate Watch, Save the Children, Sierra Club, United Way, WWF.

  34. Social Safety Net • Workers’ Compensation (Workmens’ Comp) • Old Age Security (Old Age Pension) • Employment Insurance (UI) • Child Tax Benefit (Family Allowance) • Medicare (Hospital Insurance) • Canada Pension Plan • Canada Assistance Plan

  35. Fundamental Principles of Democracy • Rule of Law • Foreign Policy • Charter of R & F 2. Equality • Women, Aboriginal people, Minorities • Freedoms • Canadian Bill of Rights (1960), The Charter(1982)

  36. Appointed / Elected Decision-Makers • Judges, Senate, Crown Corp & Agency Execs, • Common Good vs Rights of the Individual - KomagataMaru Incident, Bill 101, WMA, International Criminal Court, Kosovo, Mine Ban Treaty (Ottawa Treaty)

More Related