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HIV/AIDS in Guadeloupe (FWI) Popular knowledge

HIV/AIDS in Guadeloupe (FWI) Popular knowledge. A coherent cultural system Gaëlle BOMBEREAU. OBJECTIVES. Improving pre & postvention Appropriate HIV communication Having a preventive ethic Respect of cultures, values, taboos. BETTER UNDERSTANDING FOR A BETTER RESPONSE. Analyse

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HIV/AIDS in Guadeloupe (FWI) Popular knowledge

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  1. HIV/AIDSin Guadeloupe (FWI)Popular knowledge A coherent cultural system Gaëlle BOMBEREAU

  2. OBJECTIVES Improving pre & postvention Appropriate HIV communication Having a preventive ethic Respect of cultures, values, taboos...

  3. BETTER UNDERSTANDING FOR A BETTER RESPONSE Analyse • Popular knowledge related to Hiv/aids & PLWHA • Social representations • Believes • Values, Etc… Analyse • Cultural, social and symbolic logics • Local risk management

  4. A FRENCH REGION

  5. HIV/AIDS IN GUADELOUPE 2003 Population 440 000 PLWHA 2701 AIDS cases 1092 Half of PLWHA discover their statusat AIDS stage

  6. EPIDEMIOLOGY  CARIBBEAN PROFILE Transmission • Heterosexual 62% • Unknown26% • MSM7,2 % • IDU & MTCT  minor 60% of PLWHA 30-50 years

  7. BEHAVIOUR • No safe sex • Multi-partnership • Frequent STI’s (syphilis, …) • Abortions • Teenager pregnancy • Emergencycontraception

  8. Good knowledge  but No safe sex No hiv testing Stigma & discrimination  of PLWHA A KAP-GAP

  9. A KAP-G AP Explaining  the consequences of acts or  the medical gravityof certain behaviors is not enough to support behavioral change

  10. METHODOLOGY A Caribbean socio-anthropology  about : Fear, Suspicion, prevention • Body, health, disease, • religion, magic, • family, gender, sexuality • Aids

  11. METHODOLOGY An ethno-methodology • Observation  as Guadeloupean residente • interviews  semi-structured  among physicians, psychologist, social worker, etc.

  12. General populationVS PLWHA METHODOLOGY Survey among • Questionnaires • Semi-structured interviews • Focus group

  13. POPULAR KNOWLEDGE Related to AIDS  A illness • Serious • « who kill » • Incurable • Additive

  14. POPULAR KNOWLEDGE Related to AIDS • Visible on the body • An animal, a monster  that eat inside the body • Contagious

  15. POPULAR KNOWLEDGE Related to PLWHA  Actors • Sexual • Deviants • Homosexual • Sexual vagrants • Sex Worker • Unfaithful women

  16. POPULAR KNOWLEDGE • AIDS Sexual deviance  Contagious disease

  17. THE FEAR CREATES A MYTH & THE MYTH CALMS DOWN THE FEAR Myth construction • AIDS  is an illness that • « doesn’t touch my sexual activities » • « threat me daily »  allows a control about the disease

  18. PLWHA RECEPTION • « AIDS, SEXUAL DEVIANCE »   • Integration of guilty • Victim status • Out of any guilty

  19. PLWHA RECEPTION « AIDS, CONTAGIOUS ILLNESS » Need ritual protection, purification • Transmission by contact • Transmission by corporal liquids

  20. RECOMMANDATIONS Improving pre & postvention Appropriate HIV communication : Breaking with diffusion of the « good words » • In learning cultural system  before elaborating programs • Having a preventive ethic  to appreciate the popular logics

  21. RECOMMANDATIONS Breaking with medical messages Information must popularize No reduction of health messages

  22. RECOMMANDATIONS Breaking the usual AIDS moral reading  Sex is licentious  All sexual liberty = sexual deviance

  23. RECOMMANDATIONS Breaking the usual AIDS moral reading  « sexuality-pleasure » no reproductive sexuality  sin divine punishment

  24. RECOMMANDATIONS No safe multi-partnership is the danger  not the multi-partnership itself In general, no safe sex is the danger  not a form a sexuality

  25. RECOMMANDATIONS Prevention ≠ social or moral reform To make aware of responsibilities  ≠ to make feel guilty Prevention = adopting or keeping  new behaviors with clear information

  26. . « l’éducation à la santé ne peut être une simple forme de missionnariat traditionnel visant à apporter la bonne nouvelle à des païens » (R.Massé, Cultures et santé publique, 1995)

  27. . Merci Gaëlle BOMBEREAU

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