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This is English 1

This is English 1. Unit 7-12. 提议 建议. Would you like to do … ? How about /What about doing..? Why don ’ t you ..? -Would you like to come to dinner tonight? -How about /What about taking a taxi? -Why don ’ t you take the tube?. take.

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This is English 1

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  1. This is English 1 Unit 7-12

  2. 提议 建议 Would you like to do…? How about /What about doing..? Why don’t you ..? -Would you like to come to dinner tonight? -How about /What about taking a taxi? -Why don’t you take the tube?

  3. take How long does it take to get to you house by tube? It takes about half an hour. How long does the journey take?

  4. 太 不够 • too +adj not +adj+enough The kitchen is too dark. The area is too dirty. The flat isn’t quite enough. The table is not big enough for two people.

  5. 短语动词 • They get up at 10 o’clock. • They get on the bus at the station. • They get on well together. • They get off the bus at the swimming pool. • I must get off to work. • Sam gets about a lot. 走动,旅行 • This rainy weather gets me. Down • come across, find out, ring up, wait for, get back, • look for, put on, put up, work out锻炼身体,work off减肥

  6. 人的外貌与性格 • What does he look like? 外貌 He’s tall and he’s got short, brown wavy hair with blue eyes and s short beard. • What’s like? 性格 He’s very nice and kind. He’s quite outgoing and talkative- very friendly.

  7. need 的用法 need to do I need to buy a carton of cream. I don’t need to buy any cream. She needs to buy oil. She doesn’t need to buy oil. We need to get some oranges. need +名词 He needs a bottle of wine.

  8. How much how many • how much +不可数名词 How much water shall I buy? How much rice do we need? How much milk… How much is it, please?问价格 How many +可数名词 How many apples do you want? How many lychees are there in a tin?

  9. some any • some 一些 用在肯定句,+可数/不可数名词 I’d like some water. I need some milk. • any 用在否定句和疑问句中、 Have you got any lychees? Do you need any water? I don’t want any tea.

  10. What do you think of …n/v+ing.? • Do you think ….. n? What do you think ofliving in London? What do you think ofthe weather here? Do you thinkChina is changing a lot? Do you think that London is interesting?

  11. 别人的肯定意见或情况与自己一样 -I am enjoying the long summer evenings. So am I. -I think the parks are lovely. So do I. -He has got two brothers. So have I. 也可以简单用me too.

  12. 别人的否定意见或情况与自己一样 -I don’t think English coffee is good. Neither do I. -I don’t have tea in the morning. Neither do I. -I am not going to the shops. Neither am I. -I haven’t got a car. Neither have I. 也可用Me neither.

  13. borrow lend • 借进 borrow He borrows a lot of money from me. • 借出 lend They sometimes lend their car to their parents.

  14. prefer to • prefer(比较喜欢的) to(不太喜欢的) I prefer watching TV to reading the paper. I prefer Italian food to Spanish food. 表示喜欢的其他表达:love, like, enjoy, be interested in, be good at, be keen on I’m interested in visiting other counrties. She’s good at speaking French. He’s keen on learning languages.

  15. 文化背景 点滴

  16. Unit7-8 • 1. 在Unit 7中有这样几句话: Can I leave a message? Can I speak to Sally, please? 句子中的Can 是什么意思? •   可以把这里的can理解为允许,隐含的意思是:我想做什么事,请你帮助。这种表达方式显得比较委婉,有礼貌,与汉语中的“您”有异曲同工之妙。中文里服务行业一般会对顾客说 “您”需要什么,“您” 要买什么,用“你”就会显得不礼貌,而英语中没有您和你的区别,只有一个YOU,所以它的委婉表达是靠不同的句式来完成的。Can I do sth 就是这种委婉表达的一种。如:Can I have a beef sandwich? Can I have your telephone number? Can I ask you a question?

  17. 这里的第一句Can I have a beef sandwich?我可以要一个牛肉三明治吗?其实就相当于我们说“请给我上一份牛肉三明治”, Can I have your telephone number? 我可以留下您的电话号码吗?也是委婉地提出请求,请告诉我您的电话号码。Can I ask you a question? 我可以问您一个问题吗?表达了说话人“我想问一个问题”这个愿望。

  18. 2. Unit 7中出现了take a taxi 和get a taxi 两种不同的表达方法,意思上有什么区别吗? • take a taxi 和get a taxi 都相当于汉语里的“乘坐出租车”,含义上没有什么大的差别。此外,by taxi 这个词组的含义也是乘坐出租车,但由于这是一个介词短语,所以不能独立用作句子的谓语。因此我们可以说Why don’t you go by taxi? 或者 Why don’t you come by taxi?,但是不能说 Why don’t you by taxi?

  19. 3. Unit 7 Extract 1中有一个词组stay the night ,在这个词组中the night在句子中担任什么成分? •   因为stay 是个不及物动词,所以这里的the night应看作是句子的时间状语。不过,我认为遇到像这样的词组,你可以把它当成一个固定的词组来记。比如我们这个单元中还学习了下面这几个句子:How long does the train take? 坐火车要花多少时间?How long does the plane take? 坐飞机要花多少时间?How long does the bus take? 坐公共汽车要花多少时间?  像这样的结构我们都可以把它们当成固定的句型去模仿、去记忆。

  20. 4. I don’t’ like smoking in the house. 是说我不喜欢在房子里抽烟,还是说我不喜欢别人在屋子里抽烟? •   这个句子的意思确实摸棱两可。这种同一个句子结构表达不同意思的语言现象叫做歧义(ambiguity),英语中有不少这种句子。我们来比较下面这两个句子。I like watching TV in my free time.I don’t like smoking in the house.

  21. 第一句话“我喜欢在业余时间看电视”不会产生歧义,因为watching TV(看电视)的形式主语就是句子的主语“I”。而第二句话则不一样。 I don’t like smoking in the house. 可以理解为自己不喜欢在屋子里抽烟,也可以理解为不喜欢别人在屋子里抽烟。但是从上下文中可以看出来,说这句话的Mary表示的是不喜欢别人在房子里抽烟。其实,动词的-ing形式在做句子的宾语时,其形式主语一般都和句子的主语相同,但这是一般性的规则。遇到类似I don’t like smoking in the house.这样的句子时,就要根据上下文或语境来判断一句话的含义。

  22. 5. 以前学过No Smoking,这种表达方式和You can’t smoke here. 有什么区别吗? •   这两种表达方式使用的场合不一样。由no加名词或者动词的-ing形式表达的是不许做什么,禁止做什么,使用的场合主要是标牌、命令等。比如我们平常见到的”禁止停车”的牌子上写的就是No parking。 而You can’t smoke here.中的can’t表示不允许,主要是用于口语中,通常不会用在正式的场合,也不会用在标牌上。

  23. 6. Time是可数名词吗? Have a wonderful time 为什么用单数? • Time有好几个意义,指“时间”、“岁月”的时候,一般是不可数名词,但它也可以指“一段时间”,“某段日子”,这时的time既是做为可数名词,也可作为不可数名词。可以把have a wonderful time看作是一个固定词组,意思是过得开心,愉快,这里的 wonderful 还可以用其他形容词替换,如:have a good time 过得愉快,have a bad time过得糟糕, have a difficult time, 过得艰难,have an easy time 过得舒服,等等。

  24. Unit9-10 • 1. put on 和wear 有什么区别? • put on 指的是穿,穿上, 佩戴,戴上这个动作, 动作是瞬间或者较短时间完成的, 而wear 指的是穿着,戴着这个状态,这种状态是持续的。我们看一看下面的句子。 • Wait a minute. Put on the coat, please. It’s cold outside. 等等!请把外衣穿上。外面很冷。I don’t like wearing the blue coat. 我不喜欢穿那件蓝色的外衣。

  25.  第一句用put on,强调的是穿上大衣这个动作,而第二句中用wear,强调的是穿蓝色外衣这种状态。如果将第二句中的wear改成put on,意思就会变成我不喜欢穿兰色外衣这个动作,听起来就会让人感到费解了。

  26. 2. 在Unit 9 Activity 10中有这么一个句子:I do no exercise. 这句话与I don’t do any exercise. 有什么区别吗? • I don’t do any exercise. 和I do no exercise.这两个句子都表示我不参加身体锻炼。 虽然从语法上讲,no= not any,但是I do no exercise. 否定的意味更强,可以理解成我根本不参加什么锻炼,我一点儿都不参加锻炼。

  27. 3. catch a bus, take a bus 都表示乘坐公共汽车吗? •   这两个动词都可以表示搭乘公共汽车. 但一般来说,表示搭乘公共汽车或其它交通工具时,更为常用get 或 take 这两个动词,而较少用catch , 因为catch 还有另外一层意思,即be in time for sth,及时赶上做某事,例如:I always catch the last bus home. 我总是赶最后一班公共汽车回家。

  28. Unit 5-6 • 4. Coffee 和tea 都是不可数名词,可是,我怎么记得也有人说a tea, a coffee, two coffees, two teas。 •   你大概是在餐厅、酒吧里听到有人这么说的。在餐馆点咖啡或茶的时候,也可以说two coffees 或 two teas,意思是two cups of coffee或 two cups of tea,表示两杯咖啡或两杯茶。

  29. 5. 在提出请求的时候,可以说Could you…? 也可以说 Can you…?。 这两种说法有什么区别吗? •   意思上没有区别,但是口气上有区别,Could 要比Can显得客气。 就象在中文里,“您”比“你”要客气一样。Can和 will的过去式形式 could 和would在表示请求的时候都显得比较客气。如Would you please…和Will you please…虽然都有 please,已经很客气了,但在语气上Would you please…会比Will you please…显得更加客气。

  30. Unit111-12 • 1. “你认为这儿的天气怎么样?”在教材中是说 “What do you think of the weather here?”。但是,一般表示“怎么”不是应该说how 吗?为什么这句话不用how 提问? • What的意思是“什么”,“What do you think of the weather here?”直译过来意思是“关于这儿的天气,你想的是什么?”,当然,中文里不会这么说,所以翻成中文应是“你觉得这儿的天气怎么样?”。

  31. How是“怎么”的意思,可以用来询问方式,也可以用来询问程度。上面这句话也可以用how 提问,但在词语搭配上就不能用think of 了,而要说“How do you like the weather here?”, 字面意思是“你对这儿的天气,是怎样的一个喜欢程度?是很喜欢,一般,还是不喜欢?”,而按中文习惯还是翻成“你觉得这儿的天气怎么样?”。说法虽然不同,但是How do you like the weather here? 和What do you think of the weather? 的意思是一样的。

  32. 2. Unit 11中小燕和Franco在谈论用电脑写信时,小燕说:But I like using the computer for some things. 我记得还有一个词是something,这和小燕这句话里的some things有什么不同? • some things中的things要用复数,意思是“一些事情,一些东西”。而something意思是“某事,某物”,指的是某一个东西,或是某一件事情。例如:I have got something to tell you. 意思是“我有件事要告诉你。”指的是有“某一件事。” 要是说: I have got some things to tell you. 意思是:我有一些事情要告诉你。指的就不是某一件事情了。

  33. 3. lend后一般要跟介词to,即lend sth.(=something) to sb.(=somebody)。 可是练习里有这样的句子I don't usually lend him any money. 这里为什么不用 to 呢? •   动词lend 后面要跟两个宾语,一个是借出的东西sth.,一个是要借给的人sb. 。当lend后面紧跟的宾语是sth.时,其后就要用to sb.; 而当lend 后面紧跟的宾语是sb.时, 其后则用lend sb. sth. ,不再需要介词to了。所以你刚才说的句子“I don't usually lend him any money.”并没有错,同时,你也可以把它说成“I don't usually lend any money to him. ”。

  34.  另外,当宾语sth.是以代词形式(it, them)出现时,那么习惯上只能用lend it/them to sb. 例如:Lend it to me. Lend them to him. 如果说成Lend me it.或 Lend him them.的话,听起来就不舒服了。

  35. 4. 课文注释里说“打开电视”是turn the TV on,打开收音机是turn on the radio,这个on到底应该放在哪儿?是放在中间,还是后面? •   放在中间和放在后面都可以。但需要注意的是,如果宾语是代词,那么on一般要放在后面。例如:Turn it on. Turn them on.

  36. 5. 祈使句的肯定句是用实意动词开头,而否定形式用Don’t 开头,是不是祈使句一定不能有主语? •   祈使句是向对方发出指令的句子,它的主语肯定就是“你”或“你们”,即“you”。所以在祈使句里,就没有必要再说主语了。但是,有时候想加强语气时,也会把you 说上。因此,祈使句不是绝对不能有主语,而是有与没有,语气上显得不太一样。

  37. Session 2 • 6. What does he look like? 和What’s he like?有什么区别? • “What does he look like?”中的 Look在这里是“看上去,看起来”的意思。直译意思是:他看上去象什么样子?所以这么问,是在问他的外貌,即“他长的什么样?”。“What’s he like?”中没有look这个词,意思是“他是什么样的人?”。问的是他内在的东西,他的性格,个性,为人等等。  所以,这两个问句,虽然看起来很相像,但却是两个完全不同的问题。

  38. 7. 谈论天气的时候,常说It is hot. It is snowing. It is cloudy. It is windy. It 本身就指天气吗? •   不错。it这个词的词义,除了我们常见的做“它”解释之外,还专门代指天气、时间、距离。上述句子是关于天气的例子,我们再来看看有关时间和距离的例子。

  39. 表示时间:It’s ten o’clock.It is getting late.表示距离:It is 5 kilometers away.It is far from here. •   另外,it有时也指人。例如,当有人敲门,你问“是谁呀?”时,英文中要说“Who is it?”,而不用“Who are you?”,对方在回答时也要说“It’s me.”(是我)。

  40. 其他 • 这一结构也可用于赞扬他人。例如: • She’s always smiling. 她总是面带笑容。 • She was forever coming up with good ideas. 她总能想出好主意来。

  41. 2.keep +doing • “keep +doing”描述的行为不一定是令人讨厌的,这一结构着重强调行为的重复性。例如: • He keeps looking at himself in the mirror. 他老是照镜子。 • They keep wanting to be the best. 他们老想成为最好的。 • He’s very kind. He keeps phoning up to see if I am getting better.他很体贴人,总是给我打电话,询问(我的身体)是不是好些了。 • She keeps writing long letters to me and sending me birthday cards.她一直给我写长信,还给我寄生日贺卡。

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