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CHAPTER 8

CHAPTER 8. The American Revolution and Georgia Statehood. Unit IV Vocabulary. Natural Law Popular Sovereignty Articles of Confederation Constitution Bicameral Separation of Powers General Assembly Boycott Checks and Balances Militia Tories Whigs.

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CHAPTER 8

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  1. CHAPTER 8 The American Revolution and Georgia Statehood

  2. Unit IV Vocabulary • Natural Law • Popular Sovereignty • Articles of Confederation • Constitution • Bicameral • Separation of Powers • General Assembly • Boycott • Checks and Balances • Militia • Tories • Whigs

  3. I. Causes of the American Revolution

  4. Causes of the American Revolution • FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR • The largest cause of the American Revolution • The war was extremely expensive • The colonists benefited; so the British thought they should pay.

  5. I. Causes of the American Revolution • TAXES • ACT – another name for a British law. • Sugar Act – placed a tax on all sugar (remember colonists needed sugar to make rum). • Stamp Act – placed a tax on paper products. • Townshend Act – placed a tax on many imported items.

  6. I. Causes of the American Revolution Smuggling As a result: • Colonists began sneaking items into the country so they did not need to pay the taxes. They also boycotted. • This made the British angry • Tea Act – required colonists to buy all tea from England. This led to the Boston Tea Party. • Navigation Act – all imported items must enter the colonies on British ships. • Quartering Act – colonists are required to give British troops a place to stay and eat.

  7. I. Causes of the American Revolution • Boston Massacre • A mob of angry colonists threatened some British soldiers. • The British soldiers fired upon the colonists and killed several of them.

  8. II. War Begins

  9. II. War Begins • Whigs – Patriots. Supported war. • Tories – Loyalists. Against the war. • Liberty Boys – a group from Georgia who opposed the Stamp Act. They are an example of Whigs. • Most people in Georgia started out as Tories, but eventually became Whigs.

  10. II. War Begins • Important Battles • Lexington and Concord • First Battles of the Revolution.

  11. II. War Begins • Battle of Trenton – • The turning point of the War. Showed the colonists that they could win.

  12. II. War Begins • Battle of Yorktown • The British surrendered to the colonists and left forever. • The colonists got help from the French, who disliked the British.

  13. II. War Begins Battle of Kettle Creek Siege of Savannah • Largest battle fought in Georgia. • Most of the colonists who fought were from Georgia. • The colonists were victorious. • The British took control of Savannah when the war first started. • The colonists wanted it back, so they attacked the city. • The colonists lost.

  14. II. War Begins • Important People To Know • Nancy Hart – lady who had a group of Tories arrested and executed. • Elijah Clarke – led colonists to victory at Kettle Creek • Austin Dabney – a slave who became free and fought in the Revolution.

  15. III. A New Government Created

  16. III. A New Government Created • Declaration of Independence • Written by Thomas Jefferson • Declared our independence from England. • Signed by: • Lyman Hall • Button Gwinnett • George Walton

  17. III. A New Government Created • Articles of Confederation • A Confederation is a loose friendship of states. • Created a very weak national government. • Every state is responsible for itself.

  18. III. A New Government Created • Georgia Constitution of 1777 • Had separation of powers. • Created a weak government with a unicameral legislature that really had all the power. • Executive branch had to answer to the legislature.

  19. III. A New Government Created • The Constitution of the United States • Some people felt that the Articles of Confederation created a system that was too weak, so they decided to replace it with the Constitution.

  20. III. A New Government Created • Compromises • Great Compromise • Large States – wanted representation in government to be based on population. • Small States – wanted every state to have an equal vote. • Compromise – bicameral legislature. One house is based on population and the other is based on an equal vote.

  21. III. A New Government Created • Compromises Cont. • 3/5th Compromise • Southern States – wanted to count slaves as part of their population. • Northern States – did not think it was fair because slaves could not vote • Compromise – slaves counted as 3/5th of a person.

  22. III. A New Government Created • Compromises Cont. • Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise • North – wanted to put an end to slavery and make the South industrialized. They also favored tariffs. • South – felt abolishing slavery would ruin their economy. Opposed tariffs. • Compromise – no tariffs. Slavery can be abolished in 20 years.

  23. III. A New Government Created • Compromises Cont. • Bill of Rights • Federalists – wanted the constitution written to create a stronger national government. • Anti-Federalists – thought that a powerful government would be just like England • Compromise – 10 amendments (changes) added to the Constitution to ensure that the government does not become TOO powerful.

  24. III. A New Government Created • Georgians sign the Constitution • Abraham Baldwin • William Few • Georgia also created a new constitution that was similar to the new US constitution.

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