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GMO’s

GMO’s. A risk assessment of genetical modification in food,clothes and biofuel production. M. Monroe, K. Grond, P. Skoglund & E. Svanberg. Introduction . GMO = genes added to genome of organism through transformation GM used in: Food/clothes -> crops + animals Biofuel -> crops + bacteria

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GMO’s

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  1. GMO’s A risk assessment of genetical modification in food,clothes and biofuel production M. Monroe, K. Grond, P. Skoglund & E. Svanberg M. Monroe, K. Grond, P. Skoglund & E. Svanberg

  2. Introduction • GMO = genes added to genome of organism through transformation • GM used in: • Food/clothes -> crops + animals • Biofuel -> crops + bacteria • Benefits / Risks • Ecology • Human health M. Monroe, K. Grond, P. Skoglund & E. Svanberg

  3. Use GM increasing M. Monroe, K. Grond, P. Skoglund & E. Svanberg

  4. Objectives • Discuss: • Advantages/disadvantages GM in: • Food/Clothes • Biofuel • Ecological consequences • Not discussing: • Animals • Ethics M. Monroe, K. Grond, P. Skoglund & E. Svanberg

  5. Ideal GMO Features: • No hybridisation • Contained expression • Vector removal • Harmless gene product • Stable genetic construct M. Monroe, K. Grond, P. Skoglund & E. Svanberg

  6. Hybridization • Non-transgenic field population • wild population • cross species • Requirements: • Flowering time • Close • Genetic compatibility M. Monroe, K. Grond, P. Skoglund & E. Svanberg

  7. High risk: Sugar beet White clover Scots pine Apple Rye grass Lucerne Poplar Cabbage Carrot Plum Minimal risk: Potato Wheat Tomato Maize Broad bean Pea Cucumber Sunflower Spruce Grapes Strawberry Douglas fir Relative risk of cross-pollination from crops to wild relatives Low risk: Oilseed rape Flax Barley Blackcurrant Lettuce Raspberry M. Monroe, K. Grond, P. Skoglund & E. Svanberg

  8. Benefits GMO’s • Reduces costs/illness caused by pesticides • Higher yield • Higher nutritional value • Protection against insect damage • Reduction in agricultural land • Conservation of resources through less use of labour, fuel, fertilizer and water • Water quality protection • Protection against plant diseases M. Monroe, K. Grond, P. Skoglund & E. Svanberg

  9. biofuels • Crops • Oilseed rape • Soya bean • Wheat • Tree biomass • Bacteria • Clostridium acetobutylicum • Fermentation substrates • Enclosed in factory -> risk of spilling M. Monroe, K. Grond, P. Skoglund & E. Svanberg

  10. Negative ecological effects • Insect resistance to toxin producing plants • Slow down evolution • Species interaction a complex matter • Fewer species -> higher dependence M. Monroe, K. Grond, P. Skoglund & E. Svanberg

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