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The Geography and Early People of Ancient Greece

The Geography and Early People of Ancient Greece. The Geography and Early People of Ancient Greece. The Geography of Greece. Greece is very mountainous Separated the different city-states from one another Had many peninsulas 2 main ones Peloponnesus Balkan Had many different waterways

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The Geography and Early People of Ancient Greece

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  1. The Geography and Early People of Ancient Greece The Geography and Early People of Ancient Greece

  2. The Geography of Greece • Greece is very mountainous • Separated the different city-states from one another • Had many peninsulas • 2 main ones • Peloponnesus • Balkan • Had many different waterways • Seas • Straits • Islands • Harbors

  3. The Geography of Greece Europe Black Sea Macedonia • Dardanelles • Strait that connects Aegean Sea to the Black Sea • Strait- thin area of water connecting two other waterways Asia Minor/ Anatolia Mediterranean Sea

  4. Greek Geography Information Greek Geography Information • Greece was ¾ covered in mountains • Left little land for regular farming • Forced to grow/harvest other products; • Olives, grapes, seafood, etc. • Mountains force Greeks to use seas • Increased their sailing abilities • Increased their necessity to trade by sea • Travel to areas like Italy, Egypt, Phoenicia

  5. Effect of Geography on Greece Effect of Geography on Greece • Effected Greece economically • Limited farmable (arable) land for crops • Forces them to depend on the seas • Also forces them to colonize other lands to farm • Effected Greece socially • All were Greek, but they were not unified • Saw themselves as separate peoples • Spartans, Athenians, Ionians, Mycenaeans • Mountains separated each different group • Effected Greece politically • Each area created its own rules, government, and citizenship • Government styles of the time include: • Monarchy, Tyranny, Democracy, Oligarchy

  6. Early People of Greece • Minoans on island of Crete • Bull jumping ceremonies and pottery • Indo-Europeans spread into Greece • Mycenaeans settled around 2000BC • Name came from city - Mycenae • Mycenae included city of Athens • Ruled by kings (known as a monarchy) • Mycenaeans fight Troy in Trojan War • Fought over Helen of Troy • Mycenaeans win when they use the Trojan Horse

  7. Early People of Greece • Dorians move into area after Mycenaeans • Far less advanced than earlier groups • Following the Dorians, Greek broke into city-states

  8. Homer and the Illiad & Odyssey Homer and the Illiad & Odyssey • Homer – famous writer of epic poems • Thought to have been blind • One of the most famous writers in history • Writes the Illiad and the Odyssey • Tells the stories of the travels of characters to and from the Trojan War • Incorporates numerous gods and goddesses • Showed the incorporation of Greek mythology into the daily lives of the Greek people

  9. Greek Religion and Mythology Greek Religion and Mythology • Greek religion was polytheistic and practiced by all Greeks • Believed in many different gods/goddesses • Greek mythology had 3 purposes • Explaining natural phenomena • Storms, thunder, lightning, etc. happening in nature • Explaining human qualities • Speed, knowledge, strength, sight, etc. • Explaining life events • Births, deaths, marriages, etc.

  10. Greek Religion and Mythology • Symbols and representations of gods spread to Rome and can still be seen today in everyday life • Literature, art, monuments, politics and architecture

  11. Early Cities of Greece Early Cities of Greece • Early Greek cities focused on two ideas • Promoting civic participation • Getting people involved in the decisions of the city • Promoting a commercial (business) life • Getting people to trade products and ideas • Greek city-states known as the polis • Polis- was a city and surrounding countryside • Example- Washington DC and its suburbs • Agora- city center- like a business district • Acropolis- fortified (protected) area of city • Not all cities had these • Some cities built their agora in their acropolis

  12. Uses of areas of the Greek Polis • The Agora • Used for discussion and trade • Men would meet for food, clothes, ideas • Women were rarely seen in the agora • The Acropolis • Used for protection and a sign of power • Made it easy to see oncoming attackers • Provided a place for royalty, women and children to hide during times of war

  13. View from BOTTOM of Acropolis Acropolis

  14. View from TOP of Acropolis Amphitheater for Acropolis Area

  15. Early City-states • Examples of agoras • Athens agora (L) • Destroyed agora (R)

  16. Modern Example of a Polis CITY CENTER (AGORA) Could be acropolis AND agora, doesn’t have to though All Blue area and Agora makes up POLIS Surrounding Land (COUNTRYSIDE)

  17. Processing- Find the Polis • Locate the 2 areas that would be considered a polis. How can you tell?

  18. The Famous Athenian Acropolis • A fortified hilltop for protection • Walls are actually the mountain its located on (marble)

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