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Emerging Cooling Requirements & Systems in Colocation Spaces

Emerging Cooling Requirements & Systems in Colocation Spaces. Dan Baer Vice President Liebert Corporation March 16, 2001. The Liebert Corporation. Cooling Solutions Power Protection Monitoring Systems. Agenda. Current & Projected Heat Densities Product & Space Design

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Emerging Cooling Requirements & Systems in Colocation Spaces

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  1. Emerging Cooling Requirements & Systems in Colocation Spaces Dan Baer Vice President Liebert Corporation March 16, 2001

  2. The Liebert Corporation • Cooling Solutions • Power Protection • Monitoring Systems

  3. Agenda • Current & Projected Heat Densities • Product & Space Design • Best Possible Solutions

  4. Transistors per Microprocessor Pentium 4 = 42,000,000 Clock Frequency Pentium 4 = 1.4 GHz Device Track Spacing Pentium 4 = 0.12 Micron Heat Drivers - Microprocessors é 500,000X é 50,000X 1,000X ê

  5. Transistors per Microprocessor Pentium 4 = 42,000,000 Clock Frequency Pentium 4 = 1.4 GHz Device Track Spacing Pentium 4 = 0.12 Micron Heat Drivers - Microprocessors é 500,000X é 50,000X Linear Scale 1,000X ê

  6. ‘Current’ Time-Line 50 Intel 386 Intel 486 Processors Pentium (II) Processors Pentium Pro Processors Future CPU Developments ? See Next Slide 40 PII - 300 30 PPRO - 200 Estimated Thermal Design Power Max (Watts) PPRO - 150 20 PII - 350 P5 - 66 P55C - 233 P54CS - 200 P54C - 100 10 P54CS - 133 I486DX2 - 66 DX4 - 100 I486 - 25 80386 - 16 I486SLE - 50 0 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 Estimated Introduction Date Plot of Intel CPU Power Dissipation

  7. 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 IA64 (100-180W) Deerfield & Madison Intel 386 Intel 486 Processors Pentium (II) Processors Pentium Pro Processors Future CPU Developments McKinley (90-130W) Foster 2GHz (70-90W) Williamette 2GHz (50-70W) Itanium 800MHz PII - 300 PPRO - 200 PPRO - 150 PII - 350 P5 - 66 P55C - 233 P54CS - 200 P54C - 100 P54CS - 133 I486DX2 - 66 DX4 - 100 I486 - 25 80386 - 16 I486SLE - 50 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 ‘Expanded’ Time-Line Estimated Thermal Design Power Max (Watts) Estimated Introduction Date Plot of Intel CPU Power Dissipation

  8. Heat load per equipment footprint – watts/m2 Heat load per equipment footprint – watts/ft2 Year of Product Announcement Source: www.uptimeinstitute.org Product Heat Density Trends 3x 2x

  9. Load Density - Diversity 1500 1250 1000 750 500 250 Average 0 50 75 150 300 Today

  10. Load Density - Diversity 1500 1250 1000 750 Maximum 500 Average 250 Minimum 0 50 75 150 300 +3-5 Years Today

  11. Load Density - Diversity Spot Maximum 1500 1250 1000 750 Maximum 500 Average 250 Minimum 0 50 75 150 300 +3-5 Years Today

  12. Product Heat Density Trends

  13. Product Heat Density Trends • Spot loads may be 5 times the average! • 1,500 watts/sq.ft. are VERY possible • Exchange medium than air probable • Water • Other Dielectric Fluids

  14. Future Heat Removal • Spray Cooling • Very low temperature refrigeration • Two-phase boiling • Dedicated fluid/refrigerant circuits • Intent is to become ‘load neutral’

  15. Future More Complex/Demanding • Primary system adaptable & flexible • More than one primary system • One for average loads • One for high-density, spot-heat areas • Floor space considerations

  16. Foundation Concept 100o F 55o F

  17. Rack Cooler Fluid In 75o 75o Open Rear Open Front 75o 75o Fluid Out

  18. Ceiling-Mounted System 72” 72” 20” Air In Air Out

  19. Coolant Distribution Unit Coolant Distribution Unit Rack Coolers Chiller

  20. Larger Capacity Cooling Units

  21. Critical Room Temperature 200w/f2 131o F = 55o C 100w/f2 Average Room Temperature - F 50w/f2 Minutes without fully-functioning cooling system

  22. Facility Example • 10,000 Sq. Ft. • 200 watts/sq.ft. • 10 Minute ‘ride-thru’ • Chilled Water

  23. Facility Example 12’ • 10,000 Sq. Ft. • 200 watts/sq.ft. • 10 Minute ‘ride-thru’ • Chilled Water • 30,000 gallon reserve 18’ 12’ 18’

  24. Facility Example • Time Delay - Restart

  25. Facility Example • Time Delay - Restart • Ventilation Air- 285,000 Cubic feet/minute

  26. Facility Example • Time Delay - Restart • Ventilation Air- 285,000 Cubic feet/minute • Automatic Sensing

  27. Facility Example • Time Delay - Restart • Ventilation Air- 285,000 Cubic feet/minute • Automatic Sensing • Human Safety

  28. Facility Example • Time Delay - Restart • Ventilation Air- 285,000 Cubic feet/minute • Automatic Sensing • Human Safety • Duct Sizing, Air Distribution, Raised Flooring

  29. Emerging Cooling Requirements & Systems in Colocation Spaces Dan Baer Vice President Liebert Corporation March 16, 2001

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