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Determine the levels of Arsenic in Apple Juice

Determine the levels of Arsenic in Apple Juice. Brianna Shildt & Kirsten Berube. Arsenic . A poisonous metal Its found naturally in soil and minerals Arsenic compounds are used as pesticides. There is organic and inorganic Inorganic is toxic Organic is not toxic.

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Determine the levels of Arsenic in Apple Juice

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  1. Determine the levels of Arsenic in Apple Juice Brianna Shildt & Kirsten Berube

  2. Arsenic • A poisonous metal • Its found naturally in soil and minerals • Arsenic compounds are used as pesticides. • There is organic and inorganic • Inorganic is toxic • Organic is not toxic • Exposure can cause health problems • High levels cause death • Low levels for long time • Discolor of the skin • Known to cause cancer and potential IQ problems.

  3. Arsenic • There is no color and its almost tasteless • Everyone is exposed to very small levels each day • 8 micrograms • People are exposed to arsenic by • Breathing • Drinking or Eating • Greater than 100 ppm is deadly • Toxic dose • In adult is 42 mg (0.042g) • In a 20lb child it is 6 mg (0.06g)

  4. Introduction • Studies have proved to have high levels of arsenic in apple juices • There is no federal limit for arsenic or lead in juices

  5. Experiment • 5 brands of juice • Gerber Organic • Gerber • Great Value • Apple & Eve • Mott’s Original • Juiced a complete Apple • Food processor • Drained • Filtered

  6. X-ray Fluorescence (XRF) • Standard arsenic samples of 100ppm and 0.5ppm • Analysis of apple juice in the XRF to determine if arsenic is present.

  7. Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP) • Standards made from a 100ppm solution of arsenic in water • 5 ppm • 4 ppm • 3 ppm • 2 ppm • 1 ppm • 0.5 ppm • 0.4 ppm • 0.3 ppm • 0.2 ppm • 0.1 ppm • 0.05 ppm • Dilute 50% Distilled water 50% juiced samples • Apple juice samples spiked with 1 ml of 1000ppm arsenic were ran through the ICP • Then Analysis of apple juice was done in the ICP to determine concentration of arsenic

  8. Data

  9. Data • Gerber was not tested • Spiked samples have much higher intensities than unspiked samples

  10. XRF Results • No detection of arsenic • 0.5 ppm, 100 ppm, and all apple juice brands tested

  11. ICP Results • Undiluted concentration found from calculated concentration of diluted samples by M1V1=M2V2 • Ex: Spiked Great Value- M1(5 ml)=(1.327ppm)(10 ml) M1=2.654 ppm

  12. ICP Results • Looking at interference and matrix affects • % recovery = (conc. of spiked sample - conc. of unspiked sample)(100)/(spike added) • Ex: (1.327 mg/L – 0.117 mg/L)(100)/(1000mg/L x 0.001 L) = 121%

  13. Discussion • Traces of arsenic found in all samples • Apple juice brandshave very similar arsenic concentrations • Apple juice is not harmful unless excessive amounts are consumed • Further testing on IC, ICP-MS, and AA • Testing with more accurate instrumentation

  14. Work Cited http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/arsenic.html http://www.dhs.wisconsin.gov/eh/chemfs/fs/arsenic.htm http://www.origen.net/arsenic.html

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