1 / 17

CS244-Introduction to Embedded Systems and Ubiquitous Computing

CS244-Introduction to Embedded Systems and Ubiquitous Computing. Instructor: Eli Bozorgzadeh Computer Science Department UC Irvine Winter 2010. CS244 – Lecture 2. Embedded Applications. Overview. OVERLAPPING. Hybrid embedded systems

felty
Download Presentation

CS244-Introduction to Embedded Systems and Ubiquitous Computing

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. CS244-Introduction to Embedded Systems and Ubiquitous Computing Instructor: Eli Bozorgzadeh Computer Science Department UC Irvine Winter 2010

  2. CS244 – Lecture 2 Embedded Applications Winter 2010- CS 244

  3. Overview OVERLAPPING • Hybrid embedded systems • Aerospace, automobiles, robotics, process control, and sensor nets • Multimedia • Consumer electronics • Appliances, office electronics, and home/office automation • Network components • Bridges, routers, switches, and hubs • Medical instruments • Patient monitoring, MRI, and artificial hearts • E-Business • ATM, wending machines • Distributed & grid computing Winter 2010- CS 244 3

  4. Hybrid Embedded Systems • Computation systems whose behavior is tightly integrated with the physical world • Eg., the behavior of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) can be modeled by a combination of differential equations (the aerodynamics and low level feedback controllers) and a finite state automata (high level flight path decisions, such as to ascend or descend). • Behavior is governed by both continuous-state dynamics from the physical world and discrete-state dynamics from the computation • Passage of time during computation affects the state of the physical world • Inherently concurrent (inherent vs. built-in concurrency?) Winter 2010- CS 244 4

  5. Aerospace Flight control Stability: real-time differential feedback loops Positioning & navigation GPS, INS Instrumentation Data acquisition, display, processing, and archive Radar Communication Winter 2010- CS 244 5

  6. Automobiles Engine management Fuel, ignition, timing Emission control Instrumentation Data acquisition, display, processing, and archive Safety & stability Airbags, active control Entertainment & comfort Radio, A/C, … Winter 2010- CS 244 6

  7. Robotics Implies autonomous operation N physical degree of freedom Artificial intelligence Control heavy Mission oriented Repair, search, rescue, investigate, and perform physically difficult tasks Winter 2010- CS 244 7

  8. Process Control Industrial automation Plant monitoring and production control Similar to control systems but with emphasis on management Winter 2010- CS 244 8

  9. Sensor Nets Many sensor nodes each capable (but limited) of sensing, computation/storage, and communication Structure safety Search and rescue Military use Self organization Energy Efficient Distributed Winter 2010- CS 244 9

  10. Multimedia An exercise in Signals, analog to digital conversion, quantization, sampling, processing, and digital to analogue conversion Information theory, entropy, Huffman codes, compression, lossless compression Images, audio, video Virtual Reality Presentation Quality of service Think lots of data (formats and standards too)! Winter 2010- CS 244 10

  11. Consumer Electronics Home appliances Yesterday’s appliances: add computation Tomorrow’s appliances: add networking (Internet) Office electronics Integration Electronic paper (filing, printing, sending, and receiving) Home/office automation Common fantasy about the automated home or office of the future with lights and appliances that operate by themselves or with minimal effort Winter 2010- CS 244 11

  12. Network Components Stitching LANs Bridge Connects two parts of the same network Router Link networks using different network identities Extending ports Switch Transmit to recipient only Hub Transmit to all Handle large volume of highly structured data with little transform Winter 2010- CS 244 12

  13. Medical Instruments Perform diagnosis (screening/evaluation) Data collection Appraisal of that data Developing a plan of action Observation or monitoring Sensing and instrumentation Accuracy and precision Other applications: Radiation therapy Artificial hearts, arms, legs, … Winter 2010- CS 244 13

  14. E-Business Information processing systems ATM Cache registers Scanners Credit-card readers Often the interface behind a database Automation and convenience Winter 2010- CS 244 14

  15. Distributed & Grid Computing Coordinated resource sharing and problem solving The grid is static, reliable, and has infinite resource (for practical purposes) Users (the mobile device e.g., PDA) has limited resources Middleware mitigates the resource sharing and coordination efforts Winter 2010- CS 244 15

  16. Summary of Application Domains Looked at a number of application domains Large amount of overlap between these domains Often each domain has associated standards, design methodologies, and certification programs The future appears to suggest a fusion of design differences into a single methodology Winter 2010- CS 244 16

  17. Real-Time Systems • A systems where correctness depends on logical results and the time the results are produced • Safety-critical: incorrect operation leads to human loss • Mission-critical: incorrect operation leads to failed mission • J.A. Stankovic et al. “Strategic Directions in Real-Time and Embedded Systems” Winter 2010- CS 244 17

More Related