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3442 Industrial Instruments 2 Chapter 8 Discrete-State Process Control

Princess Sumaya Univ. Electronic Engineering Dept. 3442 Industrial Instruments 2 Chapter 8 Discrete-State Process Control. Dr. Bassam Kahhaleh. 8: Discrete-State Process Control. Definitions The discrete state of the process at any moment is the set of all input and output values.

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3442 Industrial Instruments 2 Chapter 8 Discrete-State Process Control

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  1. Princess Sumaya Univ.Electronic Engineering Dept. 3442Industrial Instruments 2Chapter 8Discrete-State Process Control Dr. Bassam Kahhaleh

  2. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Definitions The discrete state of the process at any moment is the set of all input and output values. An event in the system is defined by a particular state of the system, i.e. particular values of inputs and outputs. A discrete-state process control is a particular sequence ofevents through which the process accomplishes some objective

  3. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Example Frost-free refrigerator/freezer Discrete-state I/P • Door open/closed • Cooler temp. high/low • Freezer temp. high/low • Power switch on/off • Frost detector on/off • Frost eliminator timer out/not out

  4. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Example Frost-free refrigerator/freezer Discrete-state O/P • Light on/off • Compressor on/off • Timer on/off • Heater on/off • Baffle open/closed

  5. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Discrete-State Variables • Continuous Control

  6. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Discrete-State Variables • Continuous Control • Discrete Control

  7. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Discrete-State Variables • Continuous Control • Discrete Control • Composite Discrete/Continuous Control

  8. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Process Specifications • Process Objectives • Process Hardware • Input Devices • Limit Switches • Comparators • Push Buttons • Output Devices • Lights • Motors • Solenoids

  9. 00 X / 1 X / 0 1X 01 0 / 0 1 / 1 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Event Sequence Description • Narrative Statements • Flowcharts • Binary-State

  10. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Event Sequence Description Flowchart Example

  11. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Event Sequence Description Flowchart Example

  12. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Event Sequence Description Binary-State Example • Fill the tank to level A from valve A. • Fill the tank to level B from valve B. • Start the timer, heat, and stir for 5 minutes. • Open output valve C until the empty switch engages.

  13. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Event Sequence Description Binary-State Example I/P Variables • LA • LB • LE • TU O/P Variables • VA • VB • VC • TM • S • H

  14. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Event Sequence Description Binary-State Example State: LA LB LE TU VA VB VC TM S H

  15. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Relay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams • Control Relays (Relay Sequencer)

  16. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Relay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams • Ladder Diagram

  17. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Relay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams Ladder Diagram Example

  18. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Relay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams Ladder Diagram Example

  19. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Relay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams Ladder Diagram Example

  20. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Relay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams Ladder Diagram Example

  21. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Relay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams Ladder Diagram Example • When the START button is pushed, the platform is driven to the down position. • When the STOP button is pushed, the platform is halted at whatever position it occupies at that time. • When the UP button is pushed, the platform, if it is not in downward motion, is driven to the up position. • When the DOWN button is pushed, the platform, if it is not in upward motion, is driven to the down position.

  22. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Relay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams Ladder Diagram Example Start Stop

  23. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Relay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams Ladder Diagram Example START STOP Power

  24. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Relay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams Ladder Diagram Example START ↓ Motor STOP Power

  25. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Relay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams Ladder Diagram Example START ↓ Motor UP ↑ Motor STOP Power Down

  26. CR CR 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Relay Controllers & Ladder Diagrams Ladder Diagram Example

  27. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Hardwired Programming • Relay Sequencers Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) • Processor • Input Modules • Output Modules

  28. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) • Input Module

  29. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) • Output Module

  30. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) • Logic Programming • Using a NC switch to turn off a light with relay logic and with PLC programming: • The button turns the light OFF. • With relay logic the button turns the light ON. • With a PLC program the button turns the light ON

  31. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) • Logic Programming NO switches are considered INACTIVE when they are read as open circuit, and ACTIVE when they are read as closed circuit. In the ladder diagram, 01 must be ACTIVE while 03 must be INACTIVE to turn 08 ON.

  32. 3442 - Industrial Instruments 2 8: Discrete-State Process Control End of Chapter 8

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