Industrialization

1. Industrialization Unit 5

2. Create-Your-Own-Crossword • Using pages • Honors: 581-588, 615-641 • CP: 714-741, 747-750, 758-767 • Choose at least twenty terms and create your own crossword puzzle. • Hints: • Only eight can be definitions! • The other twelve (or more) have to be explanations of the terms significance.

3. Day One Essential Vocabulary • Industrialization • Technology

4. Essential Question What does ‘industrialization’ look like?

5. Visual Discovery • Four groups of photographs are going to rotate among the groups. There are four categories: • Workers • Products/Inventions • Politics • Culture • Use the worksheet to analyze the photos and a get a glimpse of what industrialization looks like!

6. Global Impacts • Where do you think the resources to industrialize are coming from? • How is industrialization in America and Europe going to effect other countries and continents?

7. Write down a piece of technology that you use on a daily (or almost daily) basis.

8. Essential Question What are some effects of the new inventions of the Industrial Revolution?

9. What was the Bessemer steel converter? How did this invention shape US History? Why do you think so many everyday Americans contributed money to help build the Statue of Liberty? What was the rogues gallery and what was its importance? What were some of the mother methods used to curb crime? 4. What was the key factor in Thomas Edison’s success in designing the light bulb? What were some of the new things that were possible because of this invention? 5. Why do you think the Triangle Shirtwaist fire happened? What were some of the results of this tragedy? America: The Story of US“Cities” Discussion Questions

10. Day TwoEssential Vocabulary • Capital • Consumerism • Macro-change

11. How can we understand the effects of industrialization? Essential Question

12. The Industrial Revolution saw the growth ofI.N.D.U.S.T.R.Y • Increase in population, education, and the middle class • New advancements in science • Dangerous working conditions • Urbanization • Standard of living increases • Transportation improved • Rise of pollution • Yoo-hoo! Way up there! (Steel skyscrapers)

13. Which letter… • Helped people be healthier? • Allowed people to buy more goods? • Is the reasons that taller buildings were made? • Is the reason that people got hurt on the job? • Caused less people to be peasants? • Made water unhealthy to drink? • Made it easier to visit grandma? • Describes the fact that less people lived on farms? • Is the reason more people were literate?

14. The Industrial Revolution also led to C.H.A.N.G.E.S • Cotton gin led to more slavery • Harsh conditions led to unions • America, Britain, and Germany most industrialized • No more child labor • Give women suffrage • Education increases • Socialism/Communism

15. What letter… • Describes why workers formed associations? • Explain why young children no longer work in factories and mines? • Explains America and Britain’s wealth? • Is an example of new ideas of economic policy? • Shows how technology increased social tension? • Explains why literacy began to climb in industrialized countries? • Is an example of how industrialization led to social activism?

16. The Middle Class • During the French Revolution, the middle class gained political power. • During the Industrial Revolution, the middle class gained economic power. How?

17. NEEDS WANTS

18. Comfortable working clothes Shoes Sugar Tea Coffee Watch Hat Soap Toys Jewelry Perfume Guns Razor Unbrella Knife Dress clothes Tobacco Chair cupboard Think like an 18th Century English-person…

19. How many of these items do we consider needs in 2011? Do you think there is a difference in perspective when classifying needs and wants from 300 years ago?

20. Really, all the items are wants, not needs.

21. “Consumerism promoted the industrial revolution when shopkeepers and producers began to realize that wants and needs were infinitely stretchable.”

22. What is consumerism? When you buy things not needed.

23. Use your t-chart… • Using your t-chart and our discussion, keep adding to your definition of consumerism. • Would you agree that consumerism is consuming things you want while believing that you need them—i.e., stretching needs and wants, stretching need to wants?

24. What do you think shopkeepers and producers in the 18th century did when they began to realize that wants and needs were ‘infinitely stretchable’?

26. So what is industrialization? • A process that transforms agrarian-centered economies into manufacturing economies. • The change in social and economic organization resulting from the replacement of hand tools by machine and power tools. • Modernization. • A massive increase in production, and related acceleration of transportation, communication, and sales capacities. The heart of this increase was new technology based on coal or water power instead of human or animal power. The definition isn’t important—but the concept is!

27. Industrialization is a macro-change. • Macro-changes: • Cross geographical boundaries • Occur over long-periods of time • Process rather than event based • Affect many areas of life • Irreversible

28. So what caused the industrial revolution?

29. England Why do you think England was the starting point for the Industrial Revolution?

30. On the bottom of the graphs… • What factors/causes are necessary for industrialization? • Why did England industrialize first?

31. Day ThreeEssential Vocabulary • Cottage industry • Nostalgic

32. How can we determine if industrialization is a ‘good’ or a ‘bad’? Essential Question

33. The Cottage Industry • Example: making cotton was a two-step process • Spinning raw cotton into thread • Weaving the thread into cloth • Before industrialization, this was done by individuals in their homes. • This was very inefficient and time-consuming. What would some advantages of this system be?

34. Silas Marner • What is happening in this passage? • Who is Silas Marner? • What is his occupation? • How does he make the cotton? • Who is he accountable to? • How would you imagine Silas Marner? • How would you picture his environment?

35. The HaywainJohn Constable What emotions do think this painting is meant to evoke? Is this nostalgic? Is there a message in the painting?

36. Cotton Production • With the invention of the spinning jenny and the water-powered loom, the cotton industry boomed. • Imports of raw cotton: • 1760—2.5 million pounds • 1787—22 million pounds • 1840—366 million pounds What affects do you think this had on society?

37. Increase in Slaves and Prices • As cotton production increased, so did the number of slaves. • What do you think happened to the price for slaves?

38. The Slave ShipTurner, 1840 What do you think about this painting? What do you think the author’s purpose is?

39. Impact on People • Population explosions in big cities caused filth and squalor for the poor people. • Calls for governmental reform would be answered later in the 19th century. • Working class people worked in terrible, dangerous conditions. • Women and children made up 2/3 of the cotton industry workforce in Great Britain by 1840.

40. Impact on People • Factories created a new system of labor that required a disciplined schedule. • Adult workers fined for being late, children were often beaten for falling asleep, being late, etc… • The owners of the factories—the middle class—had one goal: make money!

41. Oliver Twist • This story, by Charles Dickens, is a story about an orphan named Oliver Twist living in London during the I.R. • The book is famous for it’s critique of the government’s treatment of poor people, and is a good description of life for an impoverished child in London during this time period.

42. Oliver Twist • What has happened to industry? • What kind of factory is Oliver going to be working in? • In terms of profit, which model is better? • In terms of fairness and justice, which model is better?

43. Keelmen Heaving in Coals By NightTurner

44. Workers Rights What rights do you think workers should have, if any?

45. Day FourEssential Vocabulary • Slum • Exploitation • Union • Strike

46. What rights do people have as employees, and where do they come from? Essential Question

47. Gin Alley • What is happening? • How are the different classes depicted? • Is this a positive depiction? Why? • How are women depicted? • What would you imagine were Hogarth’s reasons for creating this image? • Is there a political/social message? Who is it directed to?

48. Mrs. Finlay’s Toy Shop You are in desperate need of a job—you have a large family and your spouse is already working full-time and your kids are still starving. You see this advertisement:

49. Want a job? Need a job? Mrs. Finlay’s Toy Company is a thriving company in London; it creates paper dolls for the young girls of London to play with. Apply for a job. Little experience or education is needed. If you are hired, you will be part of a team of dedicated workers.

50. Luckily, you are hired! You are expected to work eighteen hours a day and aren’t paid enough to feed your kids, but it’s better than nothing. You arrive your first day of work and are quickly told what to do and warned that a monkey could do this job, so if you mess up you will be fired immediately. Remember—you really need this job!!!