U.S. History

1. U.S. History Mr. Weber Ron 217

2. U.S. Rise to World Power • What do you think of U.S. intervention in Iraq? • What does it mean to be a “World Power?” • How is foreign policy connected to economics? • How involved do you think the U.S. should be in other countries? Explain. Very. Somewhat. Not at all.

3. Agenda • Activator, agenda, and objective (10 minutes) • Unit 3: U.S. Rise to Power presentation (20 minutes) • Leader or Bully storybook project introductions (10 minutes) • U.S. Foreign Policy at the turn of the 20th century reading (30 minutes) • Reading, pair work, and storybook (30 minutes) • Exit ticket and homework (5 minutes)

4. Objective • All students will: • Understand the reasons why the U.S. became an imperial power at the turn of the 20th Century. • 11.4.1 – Students list the purpose, cause, and effects of the Open Door Policy. • 11.4.2 – Students describe the Spanish American War and the U.S. expansion in the South Pacific. • 11.4.3 – Students discuss America’s role in the Panama Revolution and the building of the Panama Canal.

5. Introductions 1. We are ending Unit 2 which covered the growth of cities and industrialization after the Civil War (1870-1910). 2. We are beginning Unit 3 in which we will understand and critique “The United States’ rise to power in the 20th century.” This unit is about foreign policy, the U.S. involvement in Cuba, Panama, Hawaii, and the Philippians, the Big Stick diplomacy of Theodore Roosevelt, and U.S. leadership in the world. 3. You will be making a children’s book. This is your chance to rewrite history placing emphasis on the things you would want your younger sibling or your own child to learn.

6. Why did the U.S. Get Involved Over Seas? • Economic growth (1870-1900): due to industrialization, rise of factories, transportation revolution, technology, and growth of cities. Also created need for • Imperialism by European powers: created competition over markets and trade. • Advanced military technology: created a strong army and navy. • Nationalism: provided an ideological justification. • Religion: missionaries trying to save souls by converting them were on the front lines of the imperial project.

7. What is Imperialism Again? • Under imperialism, stronger nations attempt to create empires by dominating weaker nations – economically, politically, culturally, or militarily. • Usually the imperialist country will create “colonies” which are areas under their control that pay them taxes. Colonialism is a form of imperialism.

8. Arguments for U.S. Expansion • Wanted control of Pacific Ocean. Increased trade with Asia made it strategically important. • Promoting economic growth. The need to “secure” new markets abroad. • Protecting American security. Navy – USS Maine. • Preserving the “American spirit.” The argument was that U.S. was an adventurous and expanding peoples.

9. Business Interests U.S. Foreign Investment 1869 to 1908

10. Strategic Military Interests: Alfred T. Mahan: The Influence of Sea Power on History

11. Social Darwinism:Hierarchy of races and duty to “civilize”

12. Religion:American Missionaries in China

13. Hawaii

14. Spanish-American War 1898: “Remember the Maine and to Hell with Spain” U.S. went to War against Spain in Cuba. This was the first step onto the world stage in terms of the imperial/military project. War started when the USS Maine exploded in the Havana Harbor.

15. The Treaty of Paris 1898 Cuba was freed from Spanish rule. Spain gave up Puerto Rico and the Island of Guam. The U.S. paid Spain $20 million for the Philippines. The U.S. becomes an imperial power.

16. Philippines William H. Taft becomes first Governor Emilio Aguinaldo

17. Panama

18. China: Open Door Policy Sectary John Hay. Gave all nations equal access to trade with China. Guaranteed that China would not be taken over by any one power.

19. Mexico: Invasion of Veracruz and Economic Imperialism

20. U.S. Global Investments and Investments in Latin America

21. U.S. Interventions in Latin America 1898-1920

22. Theodore Roosevelt: Speak Softly but Carry a Big Stick Big Stick Diplomacy (below). Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine establishing U.S. intervention and international police power (right).

23. Moral Diplomacy The U.S. should be the conscience of the world. Spread democracy. Promote peace.

24. Imperialist Montage

25. Recap • The Causes of Imperialism • Main Idea:The United States became one of many nations interested in expanding control around the world in order to increase their wealth. • America’s First Steps Toward World Power • Main Idea: America developed trade with the previously closed-off Japan, purchased Alaska, and established trade, highways, and other investments in Latin America.

26. Chapter 17: Becoming a World Power 1890-1915 • Pick a partner that is someone you do not sit next to and have not worked with in this class. • Pick one of the sections below and write it in your notebook: • 1. Pressures to Expand pp.582-588. • 2. Spanish American War pp.589-596. • 3. New Foreign Policy pp.598-603. • 4. Debating America’s New Role pp.604-611.

27. Key Terms • Imperialism • Nationalism • Economic Interests • Spanish American War • USS Maine • Theodore Roosevelt • Treaty of Paris • Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, Samoa (Pacific) • Open Door Policy • Panama Canal • Big Stick Diplomacy • Dollar Diplomacy • Moral Diplomacy • Anti-Imperialists

28. Pair Work (30-45 minutes) • Read your section and write down the important points. Be prepared to teach your section as everyone needs all 4 sections for their children’s books. • Write down questions that are unanswered. • Write down places where you suspect the textbook may not be giving you the full story or where you would maybe say it a different way. • 1. pp.582-588; 2. pp.589-596; 3. pp.598-603; 4. pp.604-611.

30. Key Terms • Imperialism • Nationalism • Economic Interests • Spanish American War • USS Maine • Theodore Roosevelt • Treaty of Paris • Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, Samoa (Pacific) • Open Door Policy • Panama Canal • Big Stick Diplomacy • Dollar Diplomacy • Moral Diplomacy • Anti-Imperialists

31. Independent Reading in Pairs • 1. Pressures to Expand pp.582-588. • 2. Spanish American War pp.589-596. • 3. New Foreign Policy pp.598-603. • 4. Debating America’s New Role pp.604-611.

32. Teaching Each Other: Jigsaw Activity • Form groups by section: everyone who did section 1 together; everyone who did section 2 together; everyone who did section 3 together; everyone who did section 4 together. • Now I will form you into “super-groups” made up of one person from each expert group. • In your super-groups, teach each other your section. • By the end you need good notes on all 4 sections!

33. Children’s Book • Your book will include a short section on each of the key terms. • It will have 4 chapters with one feature section that is done in more detail. • It will include at least 5 images (3 of which are drawn by you). • It will have a conclusion commenting on the U.S. role as a world power (post-WWII to the present). • Draft of the writing is due Monday, October 27th. • Final version is due Thursday October 30th.

34. Storybook Rubric

35. Comprehension Check: Write one sentence next to each of these terms • Imperialism • Nationalism • Economic Interests • Spanish American War • USS Maine • Theodore Roosevelt • Treaty of Paris • Philippines, Guam, Puerto Rico, Hawaii, Samoa (Pacific) • Open Door Policy • Panama Canal • Big Stick Diplomacy • Dollar Diplomacy • Moral Diplomacy • Anti-Imperialists

36. Exit Ticket • 1. Do you think you did better on this multiple choice exam? Why or why not? • 2. What makes a good story book? • 3. We meet tomorrow, and then Monday the 27th and Thursday the 30th next week. How do you plan to get this story book done?

37. U.S. History Mr. Weber Thursday October 23, 2008

38. Activator • Your children’s book will showcase your understanding of the following high priority standards. Please write them in your notebook: • 11.4.1 – Students list the purpose, cause, and effects of the Open Door Policy. • 11.4.2 – Students describe the Spanish American War and the U.S. expansion in the South Pacific. • 11.4.3 – Students discuss America’s role in the Panama Revolution and the building of the Panama Canal. • 11.4.4 – Students explain Theodore Roosevelt’s Big Stick Diplomacy, William Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy, and Wilson’s Moral Diplomacy.

39. Storybook Rubric • What does excellence in storybook making look like? • The best way to understand the criteria for excellence is to make it yourselves. • Think, pair, share: What should an advanced storybook contain? • WHIP: Going around the room, everyone report out.

40. U.S. Policy in Puerto Rico and Cuba Main Idea:After the Spanish-American War, Puerto Rico remained under direct U.S. rule and Puerto Ricans were given some citizenship rights. The United States also continued to have influence in Cuban government. Roosevelt Pursues “Big Stick” Diplomacy Main Idea:Theodore Roosevelt thought it was important to take a strong stand in international affairs, and wanted the United States to act as “police” for all of Latin America. Wilson Pursues Moral Diplomacy Main Idea:When Wilson was elected President, he criticized the imperialist actions of his predecessors. However, under his term the United States continued to intervene in Mexico and Latin American affairs.