1 / 16

Health Services Administration

Health Services Administration. HSA 171 CAR. Decision Making 2. 1436/5/19. Learning Objectives. TYPES OF DECISIONS TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING GROUP DM FACTORS INFLUENCING GROUP DM Constrains on Decision Making. Types of Decisions. Programmed DM & Non-Programmed decisions.

fduarte
Download Presentation

Health Services Administration

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Health Services Administration HSA 171 CAR

  2. Decision Making 2 1436/5/19

  3. Learning Objectives • TYPES OF DECISIONS • TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING GROUP DM • FACTORS INFLUENCING GROUP DM • Constrains on Decision Making

  4. Types of Decisions • Programmed DM & Non-Programmed decisions. • Individual & Group decisions.

  5. Programmed DM & Non-Programmed decisions. • One way of distinguishing among decisions is in terms of whether they are fairly routine and well-structured, or novel and poorly structured

  6. Programmed DM & Non-Programmed decisions. • PROGRAMMED DECISIONS : Well-structured decisions, can be understood, measured and are actually programmed • NON-PROGRAMMED DECISIONS : Poorly structured decisions, unique, non- routine and more ambiguous and frequently more difficult to make since it involves major planning issues

  7. Individual & Group decisions • Operational Decisions • Programmed Decisions Individuals • Strategic Decisions • Non-Programmed Decisions Group

  8. Advantages & Disadvantages of Group DM • Advantage • Provides more complete information • Generates more alternatives • Increases acceptance of a solution • Increases legality • Disadvantage • Time consuming • Some members might influence with other members • unclear/confusing responsibility for the final outcome

  9. TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING GROUP DM • Brainstorming (BS) • An idea-generating process that encourages alternatives • From 6-12 persons sit around a table. • The group leader states the problem clearly. • The alternatives start to be generated in a given time. • No criticism is allowed and all alternatives are recorded for later analysis.

  10. TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING GROUP DM • Nominal Group Techniques (NGT) • The group members are physically present but operate independently. • Members write down their ideas before meeting starts. • The Meeting starts and each one presents his idea (one by one). No discussion takes place until all ideas have been recorded. (better to use flip chart) • The group starts to discuss & evaluate the ideas • Each member independently assigns a rank to the ideas. The decision is to choose which has the highest ranking. • The main advantage is that it doesn’t restrict independent thinking.

  11. TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING GROUP DM • Delphi Techniques (DT) • The members never meet face to face. • The same steps of “nominal Group Technique” but the members register their ideas of solution through “questionnaire.” • The advantages: • Less time consuming in group meeting & discussion • Prevent members from influencing of others.

  12. TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING GROUP DM • Electronic Meetings (EM) • Most recent approach. • The members interact through computers.

  13. FACTORS INFLUENCING GROUP DM 1.Size of the group • The size of the task determine the group size. 2.Communication • Type of group that determine decision making Centralized group: • Group members communicate only via a central member • This is called “The Wheel” Decentralized group: • Group members communicate directly with every other members

  14. FACTORS INFLUENCING GROUP DM There are two types: • “The Chain”- information pass from one individual to the next before it reaches the last person. • “The Circle”- information is circular

  15. FACTORS INFLUENCING GROUP DM 3. Human elements • Leadership within the group • Group members values, attitudes, behavior, …..etc • Group members skills, experiences, qualifications, ….etc • Level of the inter-group conflict.

  16. Constrains on Decision Making 1. Internal constraints • Availability of finance (budget) • Existing company policy • People’s behavior 2. External constraints • Governmental legislation • Competitors behavior • Lack of technology • Economic environment (demands)

More Related