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1960s Politics and Foreign Policy

1960s Politics and Foreign Policy. A30 7.4.20. GREAT SOCIETY. Domestic political developments in the 60s. GUIDING QUESTION. In what ways did the Great Society resemble the New Deal? origins, goals, and social and political legacy?. KENNEDY’S “NEW FRONTIER”. 1960 Election

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1960s Politics and Foreign Policy

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  1. 1960sPoliticsand Foreign Policy A30 7.4.20

  2. GREAT SOCIETY Domestic political developments in the 60s

  3. GUIDING QUESTION In what ways did the Great Society resemble the New Deal? • origins, • goals, and • social and political legacy?

  4. KENNEDY’S “NEW FRONTIER” • 1960 Election • John F. Kennedy – hurdles • televised presidential debates • New Frontier http://www.archive.org/details/1960_kennedy-nixon_1 Presidential Election of 1960

  5. Mar 1, 1961 • Peace Corps • President John F. Kennedy issues an executive order establishing the Peace Corps. The Corps aims to disseminate good will and practical knowledge by enlisting volunteers, most under age 30, to two-year terms of service.

  6. 1962 • The Other America • Michael Harrington publishes the The Other America, a shocking exposé about poverty in the wealthiest nation in the world. President John Kennedy is among those influenced by the book; he and his successor, Lyndon Johnson, declare war on poverty and launch a decade-long political mission aimed at reducing unemployment, increasing federal support for schools and adult education, and expanding the network of government programs assisting the poor and elderly.

  7. Dec 14, 1962 • JFK Proposes Big Tax Cuts • In a speech before the Economic Club of New York, President John Kennedy unveils a plan for economic recovery that emphasizes large tax cuts and credits for businesses. One of his liberal economic advisors labels it the most “Republican speech since McKinley.”1 These proposals will become part of the Tax Reduction Act signed into law in 1964.

  8. Kennedy & “Camelot” President and Mrs. Kennedy, 20 January 1962, Washington, D.C.,  The Kennedy Family and Family Dogs, 14 August 1963, Hyannis Port, Massachusetts John F. Kennedy in oval office with son

  9. KENNEDY’S “NEW FRONTIER” • Kennedy Assassination (Nov. 1963) • Lee Harvey Oswald • Warren Commission Report

  10. Lee Harvey Oswald

  11. LBJ Takes the Oath of Office

  12. Jan 8, 1964 • LBJ Declares War on Poverty • In President Lyndon Johnson’s first inaugural address, a little over a month after assuming the presidency, he declares war on poverty and outlines an ambitious domestic agenda aimed at reducing unemployment, increasing support for education and job training, and expanding public services for the poor.

  13. Aug 30, 1964 • LBJ Signs Jobs Bill • President Lyndon Johnson signs the Economic Opportunity Act, one of the centerpieces of his domestic agenda. In order to combat unemployment and poverty, the act allocates funds for job training, adult education, and loans to small businesses. VISTA, the Job Corps, and Head Start are also administered by the Office of Economic Opportunity.

  14. May 22, 1964 • Johnson Proclaims "Great Society" • In a speech at the University of Michigan, President Lyndon Johnson introduces the theme for his domestic agenda in stating that we must “set our course toward the Great Society."2

  15. Jul 2, 1964 • Civil Rights Act of 1964 • President Lyndon Johnson signs the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The act outlaws discrimination in public facilities, such as parks, and in public accommodations, such as hotels and restaurants, and it prohibits employment discrimination on the basis of race, ethnicity, religion, or gender.

  16. Oct 1, 1964 • Berkeley Free Speech Movement • Hundreds of students at the University of California, Berkeley spontaneously surround a police car as it attempts to remove a political activist for engaging in political advocacy on campus. Roughly 3000 students will join the 32-hour protest marking the beginning of Berkeley’s Free Speech Movement.

  17. Nov 3, 1964 • LBJ Trounces Goldwater in Election • Democratic incumbent Lyndon Johnson is elected president of the United States. He defeats Republican Barry Goldwater by the largest margin in American history. Johnson wins 61% of the popular vote and 486 of 538 Electoral College votes.

  18. JOHNSON’S GREAT SOCIETY • Lyndon B. Johnson • Election of 1964 • Senator Barry Goldwater Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Johnson’s campaign against Barry Goldwater, 1964

  19. Jul 30, 1965 • Creation of Medicare and Medicaid • President Lyndon Johnson signs the bill creating Medicare, a national health insurance program for the elderly. Companion legislation creates Medicaid, providing health care for people on welfare. Later, Medicaid will be broadened into a more comprehensive program financing health care for low-income persons.

  20. Aug 6, 1965 • Voting Rights Act of 1965 • President Lyndon Johnson signs the Voting Rights Act of 1965. The act abolishes literacy tests and other tests used by local and state governments to inhibit African-American voting.

  21. JOHNSON’S GREAT SOCIETY The Great Society Medicare Medicaid community action Office of Economic Opportunity (OEO) Head Start Food Stamps Elementary and Secondary Education Act 1965 Immigration Act of 1965 LBJ signing Medicare Bill, July 30, 1965

  22. The Vietnam War at Home

  23. GUIDING QUESTION How did the war in Vietnam affect American society and its political and social beliefs?

  24. C. FOREIGN AFFAIRS:CONTAINMENT LEADS TO VIETNAM • teach-ins • Deferments • Protests • draft resisters • ‘guns and butter”

  25. University of California, Berkeley students during free speech sit in, 1964

  26. Anti war protesters, 1967

  27. Military police guard an entrance to the Pentagon during 1967 anti-war protest

  28. Antiwar Demonstrators Burn Draft Cards on the Steps of the Pentagon, May 22, 1972

  29. Anti-war demonstration at Pentagon Oct 1967

  30. Anti-war movements

  31. DEEP DIVISIONS AT HOME: Election of 1968 • Eugene McCarthy • LBJ • Robert Kennedy • Hubert Humphrey • Democratic Convention - Chicago • Richard M. Nixon – “silent majority” President Johnson Richard Nixon Robert Kennedy Hubert H. Humphrey

  32. Mar 31, 1968 • Johnson Abandons Hope of Second Term • President Lyndon Johnson announces that he will not seek another term as president of the Untied States.

  33. Presidential Election of 1968

  34. “TRAUMAS OF 1968” • January – Tet Offensive - Vietnam • March – Johnson announces he will not run for re-election. • April 4 – Martin Luther King, Jr. assassinated in Memphis. • July Robert Kennedy is assassinated in California. • August – widespread protest and violent police response at Democratic National convention in Chicago. • November

  35. Nov 5, 1968 • Nixon Wins Presidency • Republican candidate Richard Nixon is elected president of the United States. In defeating Democrat Hubert Humphrey, Lyndon Johnson’s vice president, Nixon wins 43.4 % of the popular vote and 302 Electoral College votes. Humphrey receives 42.7% of the popular vote and 191 Electoral College votes. Former Alabama Governor George Wallace receives one Electoral College vote.

  36. Space Program

  37. 1961 • May 5 - Astronaut Alan Shepard became the first American in space. • May 25 - President Kennedy challenged the country to put a man on the moon by the end of the decade

  38. 1962 • February 20 - Astronaut John Glenn became the first American in orbit.

  39. 1965 • June 3 - Astronaut Ed White became the first American to walk in space.

  40. 1966 • June 2 - Surveyor 1 became the first American spacecraft to land on the moon.

  41. 1967 • January 27 - Astronauts Gus Grissom, Ed White, and Roger Chaffee were killed in an accidental fire in a command module on the launch pad.

  42. 1968 • December 21 - Apollo 8 was launched, and later her crewmembers became the first men to orbit the moon.

  43. July 20 - Neil Armstrong and "Buzz" Aldrin became the first men on the moon.

  44. Liftoff of Apollo 11, July 1969

  45. Edwin Aldrin descends ladder on lunar module

  46. MOON LANDING

  47. First man on moon, July 1969

  48. SPACE PROGRAM

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