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Solanum chacoense rooting response in vitro

Solanum chacoense rooting response in vitro. Christian T. Christensen 1 , Lincoln Zotarelli 1 , and Kathleen Haynes 2 1 Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, 2 USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705 . Outline. Introduction Current Challenges

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Solanum chacoense rooting response in vitro

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  1. Solanumchacoense rooting response in vitro Christian T. Christensen1, Lincoln Zotarelli1, and Kathleen Haynes2 1Department of Horticultural Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, 2USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD 20705

  2. Outline • Introduction • Current Challenges • Goals of this study • Materials • Method • Preliminary Results • Conclusions

  3. Introduction • Solanumchacoense(chc)is a wild species relative of the common potato • Native to Argentina, Bolivia, and Paraguay • Source of genetic material for breeding for superior root biomass and higher N uptake efficiency (NUpE)

  4. Current Challenges • Potato varieties concentrate roots in upper 30-cm of soil (Opena and Porter, 1999) • Irrigated potato crop has the potential to recover 33 to 56% N applied (Errehbi et al., 1998) • Sandy soils have low CEC contributing to loss of nitrogen

  5. High Thru-Put System 2013 & 2014 Tissue Culture 2014 & 2015 Greenhouse 2014 & 2015 Field Efficient breeding of Improved varieties

  6. Current Goal • Investigate root architecture in short day adapted S. chacoense(chc)(2x) • Compare S. chacoenseto S. phurejax S. stenotomum(phuxstn) (2x)and S. tuberosum(tub) (4x) long day adapted species • Select S. chacoensegenotypes as sources of increased NUpE for future potato breeding efforts

  7. NUpE • Defined as Plant N/ Available Soil N • Correlated to rooting parameters • S. chacoense has shown superior NUpE when compared to 22 other wild speciesof potato • (Errebhi et al., 1999)

  8. Materials • 19 S. chacoenseclones • 37 S. phurejaxstenotomumclones • 5 commercial varieties • ‘Elkton’, ‘Harley Blackwell’, ‘Irish Cobbler’, ‘Kanona’, and ‘NorValley’ S. chacoense S. phuxstn S. tuberosum

  9. Method • 3 plantlets per a clone or variety/N treatment • Grown in tissue culture for four weeks • Ms Media • 2 nitrogen treatments (50% and 100%N)

  10. Method • Entire plantlets were scanned • Analyzed using WinRHIZO root software (Regent Instruments Inc.) USDA-ARS Beltsville, MD 20705 University of Florida Gainesville, FL, 32611

  11. Preliminary Results: Rooting Overall High Medium Low S. phurejax S. stenotomum S. tuberosum S. chacoense

  12. Results

  13. Conclusion • Information could allow for the breeding of new potato varieties with improved NUpE through the utilization of S. chacoenserooting traits • Improved NUpE potatoes may reduce nitrogen inputs and thus alleviating some environmental and economical concerns

  14. Acknowledgments • USDA-ARS Beltsville, MD • Dr. Kathleen Haynes: Committee Member • Karen Frazier: T.C. Technician • University of Florida • Dr. Lincoln Zotarelli: Advisor • Dr.Rebecca Darnell: Committee Member • Charles ‘Ethan’ Kelly: Lab and Field Technician

  15. Literature Cited • Errebhi, M., C.J. Rosen, S.C. Gupta, and D.E. Birong. 1998b. Potato yield response and nitrate leaching as influenced by nitrogen management. Agron. J. 90:10–15. • Errebhi M, C.J. Rosen, F.I. Lauer, M.W. Martin, and J.B. Bamberg. 1999. Evaluation of tuberbearingSolanumspecies for nitrogen use efficiency and biomass partitioning. AmerJPotato Res 76:143-151. • Opena, G.B., Porter, G.A., 1999. Soil management and supplemental irrigation effects on potato: II. Root growth. Agronomy Journal 91, 426–431.

  16. Questions

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