Nine Geography

1. Nine Geography

2. Geography • Observation is a key component in this subject. • What do the following slides have in common? They’re all coastline’s • In what ways are they similar? They are the border of an island or country. • In what ways are they different? They are each borders of different islands and countries • Is there an “odd one out”? • Can you identify the locations? Mexico, South Africa, Alaska, California, Greece, Ireland, Vietnam, Canada.

3. Coasts

11. The coast or the coastline is the border between the land and the sea. • Why study them? • Why are they a topic of interest for Geographers? • What do you currently know about coasts? A coast is a narrow strip of land that borders the sea along a continent or an island. • What would you like to know about coasts? Why do people have interests in coasts

12. WHY ARE COASTS IMPORTANT AND HOW ARE THEY USED? • 1. With a partner brainstorm your responses creating a mind map. • 2. If you could pick only one reason what would it be and why? • Share your responses with another pair. • Be prepared to share your responses with the rest of the class.

13. WHY ARE COASTS IMPORTANT AND HOW ARE THEY USED? • Tourism. There are many resorts along coasts and tourists enjoy using the coast e.g. swimming and sunbathing. • Sport. Many sport use the coast e.g. sailing, surfing, diving, kite surfing and links golf. • Ecosystems. There are many unique ecosystems along the coast like mangroves, sand dunes and estuarine. Also the biodiversity along the coast is varied and unique. • Fishing. Oceans are full of fish (although supplies are declining). Many people make their living from catching and selling fish. Aquaculture (seafood farming), also takes place along the coast. • Oil and gas reserves. Much of the world's oil and gas is found under the oceans. Ownership of these reserves is very important. • Housing. Many people choose to live along the coast because of its beauty and the relaxing lifestyle • Industry. Many industries like to locate near the coast because it is easy to trade. • Transport. The oceans are used to transport people and goods. Many ports are found in coastal areas and help allow trade between countries. • Walkers. Many people enjoy walking, cycling or riding along coastal paths and coastal areas.

14. WHY ARE COASTS IMPORTANT AND HOW ARE THEY USED? • Find a partner to work with. • Select a few of the reasons that have been discussed so far and make a small advertisement promoting the use and importance of coasts. • Use moviemaker to create your advertisement. • View the advertisements. • Complete a PMI chart to critique the advertisements.

15. WHY ARE COASTS UNDER THREAT? • Form small groups to brainstorm for ideas. Pollution is a major problem for coasts especially when they enter the sea it increases the chance of large oil spills; small oil spills created by large and small vessels.

16. WHY ARE COASTS UNDER THREAT? • Sea level rises caused by global warming. Low lying countries like Bangladesh will be particularly vulnerable. • Pollution from sewage discharge , but also accidents like the recent BP oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico. • Litter. Litter thrown into the sea can also kill animals. Turtles often mistake plastic bags for jellyfish. • Overfishing. Many fish stocks around the world are being over fished to dangerous levels. • Erosion. Many coastlines are being eroded by stronger storms and also rising seal levels. • Tropical storms. Because of rising sea levels, the frequency of storms and magnitude (strength) are increasing causing flooding, storm surges and wind damage. • Privatisation. More and more stretches of the beach are privately owned (houses, hotels, etc.). This is making it increasingly hard for locals to access previously open areas. The privatisation of areas is also increasing the cost of land, making it less affordable for many residents.

17. WHY ARE COASTS UNDER THREAT? • Using your new knowledge, create a poster informing the public of threats to our coastlines.