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Nomenclature, Ch. 9

Nomenclature, Ch. 9. Create a graphic organizer that helps you name compounds. You may use this on the test. Naming Monatomic Ions  Monatomic ions are made of one atom. If the ion is positive, it is easy to name. Mg 2+ Magnesium ion. If the ion is negative, replace ending with ide .

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Nomenclature, Ch. 9

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  1. Nomenclature, Ch. 9

  2. Create a graphic organizer that helps you name compounds. You may use this on the test.

  3. Naming Monatomic Ions • Monatomic ions are made of one atom. • If the ion is positive, it is easy to name. • Mg2+ Magnesium ion

  4. If the ion is negative, replace ending with ide. • Br- Bromide P3- Phosphide

  5. Transition Metal ions • The transition metals form ions with different charges, so you must specify its charge. • Cu+ Copper(I) ion • Cu2+ Copper(II) ion • Cu3+ Copper(III) ion

  6. Naming Polyatomic Ions • Polyatomic ions are made of more than one atom put together. • They usually end in ite or ate. Ite means one less oxygen atom than ate.

  7. SO32- Sulfite • SO42- Sulfate

  8. PO43- Phosphate

  9. H+ can combine with Polyatomic ions to create ions with a different charge than before. • CO32- Carbonate • HCO3- Hydrogen Carbonate • H2CO3 Dihydrogen Carbonate

  10. NaHCO3

  11. HPO42- H2PO42-

  12. Binary Ionic Compounds • Ionic Compounds that contain two different types of atoms. • NaF • MgCl2

  13. Writing a chemical formula • Exp, Al reacts with S.

  14. Naming Binary Ionic: • Mg3P2 • SnS2 • SnF2 • CuS

  15. Ionic Compounds Containing Polyatomic Ions • Write formula and name: • Mg2+ reacting with NO3- • Mg2+ reacting with PO43-

  16. CaCO3

  17. PbSO4

  18. (NH4)2SO4

  19. Create a graphic organizer that helps you name compounds. You may use this on the test.

  20. Naming Binary Covalent (aka Molecular) Compounds • How do you tell if something is Covalent? • It does NOT have any metals. If it has any metal atom in it, it is ionic.

  21. When you name Covalent compounds, you need to put prefixes in front of each element. EXCEPT: If the first element has one element. • Use ide as an ending for the second element.

  22. Prefixes:

  23. Name the following: CO Cl2O8 AsCl5 P4O6

  24. CO

  25. SiO2

  26. CO2

  27. Naming and Writing Formulas for Acids and Bases: • Acids Release H+ ions • Bases Absorb H+ ions

  28. Rules for naming acids with the general formula HaX: • 1. When the name of the anion (X) ends in ide, the acid name begins with the prefix hydro. The stem of the anion has the suffix ic and is followed by the word acid. H2S = Hydrosulfuric acid. • 2. When the name of the anion ends in ite, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix ous, followed by the word acid. H2SO3 = sulfurous acid • 3. When the anion name ends in ate, the acid name is the stem of the anion with the suffix ic followed by the word acid. HNO3 = Nitric acid

  29. H3PO4 • Phosphoric acid • HBr • Hydrobromic acid • H3PO3 • Phophorous acid

  30. Acids

  31. How to get from name of acid to the formula: Use the 3 rules carefully to go backwards. Exp: Phosporic Acid

  32. Name bases like we named ionic compounds. • Mg(OH)2

  33. Bases

  34. Hints: • Ionic Compounds Have a metal • Covalent Compounds NO metal • Acids Almost always Has an H (or more) at the front (like HBr) • Bases Have OH (almost always)

  35. Law of Definite Proportions • In a given compound, the ratio of the masses of the elements will always be the same. • H2O In a 18 gram sample, will have 2 grams of H and 16 grams of O. • OH Will have 16 grams of O for every 1 gram of H

  36. Go over tables on page 277 and 278.

  37. The End

  38. Create a graphic organizer that helps you name compounds. You may use this on the test.

  39. How crayons are made: • http://videos.howstuffworks.com/science-channel/32735-how-its-made-crayons-video.htm

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