September 11, 2001 & George. W. Bush

1. September 11, 2001 & George. W. Bush Lindsay Jung & Connie Chow Period 4 US History

2. Background Information • The World Trade Center Association is an organization to promote and encourage the expansion of world trade. The WTC also deals with international business relationships. • The Pentagon was built in 1941 and first served as headquarters for the Department of war. In 1947 it served as the National Military Establishment but was later changed to serve as the Department of Defense in 1949

3. Terrorists • Al Qaeda is a terrorist organization lead by Osama bin Laden who recruits people from many nations and brings them to places like Afghanistan where they are trained in camps • Osama bin Laden is not only linked to al Qaeda but many other terrorist organizations around the world • The Taliban is the Islamic militia • Taliban does not agree with the United States government and the extent of freedom in the US

4. Timeline Of 9/11 • 8:45 a.m. Flight 11 from Boston, Massachusetts crashes into North Twin Tower of WTC • 9:03 Flight 175 is hijacked from Boston and crashed into South Twin tower of WTC • 9:30 President Bush announces publicly that the USA is under terrorist attack • 9:40 For the first time in history, all flight operations are halted • 9:43 Flight 77 crashes into Pentagon • 9:45 White house is evacuated • 10:10 Flight 93 crashes in Somerset County, Pennsylvania, southeast of Pittsburgh • 3:55 p.m.: Giuliani now says the number of critically injured in New York City is up to 200 with 2,100 total injuries reported • 4:06 p.m.: California Gov. Gray Davis dispatches urban search-and-rescue teams to New York. • 8:30 p.m.: President Bush addresses the nation

5. Hijacked Planes • All hijacked planes were United Airline Planes • Flight 11,a Boeing 767 flying from Boston to Los Angeles, had 81 passengers and 11 crew aboard. (North Tower) • Flight 77, a Boeing 757 en route from Washington's Dulles International Airport to Los Angeles, had 58 passengers and six crew members aboard (Pentagon) • Flight 93 en route from Newark, New Jersey to San Francisco, California crashed in Pennsylvania • Flight 175, from Boston to Los Angeles, has crashed with 56 passengers and nine crew members aboard. (South Tower)

6. 9/11 Statistics • Number killed in attack on New York, in the Twin Towers and in aircraft that crashed into them: 2,823 • Distance, in miles, from which the burning towers were visible: 20 • Maximum heat of fires, in degrees Fahrenheit, at World Trade Center site: 2,300 • Number of days underground fires at World Trade Centre continued to burn: 69 • Number of days that workers dug up debris at Ground Zero, searching for body parts: 230 • Number of body parts collected: 19,500 • Number of bodies discovered intact: 291 • Number of survivors rescued from Ground Zero: 0 • Value of US economy: $11 trillion

7. Map Of lower Manhattan Before 9/11 After 9/11

10. Motivation • The Muslim terrorists of 9/11 are also known as “suicide bombers” • Most of their main motivation is due to religion. • The Koran is equivalent to the Christian Bible and is thought to be the words of Allah (Islamic God) • Terrorists interpret the Koran literally and think they are required to do terrorists acts upon their enemy, the United States

11. Presidential Address In his address, Bush asked the Taliban of the following: • Deliver to the US all terrorist leaders in hiding • Release all foreign national citizens (unjustly captured prisoners) • Protect foreign journalists • Close immediately and permanently all terrorists training camps • Hand over every terrorists and those in their support structure • Give the US full access to terrorist training camps “We will not tire, we will not falter, and we will not fail”. “I will not forget this wound to our country or those who inflicted it.  I will not yield; I will not rest; I will not relent in waging this struggle for freedom and security for the American people”.

12. Background About President Bush • Born July 6, 1946 in New Haven, Connecticut • Received Bachelor’s degree in history from Yale in 1968, later received masters in business from Harvard in 1975 • married to Laura Welch Bush, a former teacher and librarian, and they have twin daughters, Barbara and Jenna

13. As Governor of Texas… • George W. Bush served as the 46th governor to Texas for 6 years • As Governor, got the reputation as a compassionate conservative with strong emphasis on the principles of limited government, personal responsibility, strong families, and local control • Bush was very involved in oil industries and professional sports before his presidency • Made significant changes in criminal justice, tort law and school financing • Criticized about harsh capital punishment policy • He supported tax cuts, drilling in Artic National wildlife refuge and reconstructing armed forces

14. In 2000 Bush won presidential election against Al Gore • 43th president of the United States Gore Bush

15. Election Statistics • In 2000 • Bush won 50,456,002 popular votes (47.8%) • Gore won 50,999,897 popular votes • (48.4%) • Although Gore won the popular votes, Bush won electoral votes which lead to the success of his campaign • In 2004 • Bush won 62,028,772 popular votes (50.8%) • Kerry won 59,026,150 popular votes (48.3%)

16. Bush’s policies • Social Security-wants to secure for future generations (born after 1950). SS will constitute 90% of income for those over 65 • Healthcare-wants to strengthen and feels that we need to trust health care professionals to give patients the needed treatment • Making more affordable, establishing more centers in poor areas • Education- wants to improve education for young people so they can get skills needed for future • By increase funding to programs like “striving readers”, rewarding teachers who demonstrate success, encourage growth of AP and IB courses, Promoting Scholastic Achievement with State Scholars • Safety- Department of homeland security-mainly against terrorism based in 6 key areas: “intelligence and warning; border and transportation security; domestic counterterrorism; protecting critical infrastructure; defending against catastrophic threats; and emergency preparedness and response” • Improve intelligence, use new tools, strengthening defenses against biological, chemical and radioactive weapons, improving aviation,boarder and port security

17. Bush’s response to September 11 • Attempted to secure feelings of Americans by ensuring safety through military precautions • Asked nation to show pride and have faith • Promised nation that those who hurt the U.S will be punished • Prioritized those who were injured to be taken care of first and protect the rest of America • “Bush has said that 911 changed everything for him. The lesson he learned is that we are not safe on our own soil. Since it is his sworn duty is to protect the US, his conclusion is that we must proactively fight terrorism and countries that support terrorists to prevent this from ever happening again. This justifies our war on Iraq”.