Berachah Bible Institute Hebrew Grammar I

1. Berachah Bible InstituteHebrew Grammar I Chapter 9: Hebrew Pronominal Suffixes

2. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.1 – Introduction A difficult lesson!! • Lots of stuff to memorize • But, important since pronominal suffixes are common Don’t give up here!!! • Chapter 10: Construct (not too difficult) • Chapter 11: Numbers (not too difficult) • Chapter 12-35: Verbs • One chart with 42 elements • One chart with 7 elements • One process with 6 steps

3. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.1 – Introduction (continued)

4. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.1 – Introduction (continued) Some terminology and abbreviations • Pronominal – Relating to a pronoun • Suffix – A form that is attached to the end of a word • So, in non-technical jargon, a pronominal suffix is just a pronoun attached to the end of a word • 3fsx = third (3) feminine (f) singular (s) suffix (x). Likewise, 1csx = first (1) common (c) singlur (s) suffix (x) • Chapter 8: Subjective pronouns (pronouns used as subjects) – He, she, it, they, we • Chapter 9: Objective pronouns (pronouns used as objects) – him, her, it, them, usand possessive pronouns – his, her, its, their, our

5. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.1 – Introduction (continued) Usage of pronouns • Subjective – Independent (cf. ch. 8) ~yxiÞa; Wnx.n:±a] – We are brothers • Objective – Attached to prepositions or the DDOM – and come with me yTiÞai ~t,îab'W At=ao ar"äB' ~yhiÞl{a/ – God created him • Possessive – Attached to nouns With Object AnðB. ~veÞK. – like [the] name [of] his son

6. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.2 – The Pronominal Suffixes Important to learn charts on pages 81 & 82 • First, learn type 1 endings as yod, kaph, kaph, vav, he (key consonants)then nu, kem, ken, hem, hen (sounds) • Second, note type 2 = type 1 + yod with vowel • Third, learn alternate type 3 endings as ni, hu, ha, ahm, ahn (sounds) • Fourth, recognize the interplay of study and experience here.

7. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.3 – Notes on the Pronominal Suffixes Type 1 suffixes are used with singular nouns, and type 2 suffixes are used with plural nouns. my law do violence to (hamas) Her priests ytir"At Wsåm.x' h'yn<÷h]Ko Note the type 1 suffix y i on the singular noun hr'wOt. We’ll learn shortly that the h ending on feminine singular nouns is replaced with t when the suffix is added. (Actually, we’ll learn next chapter a better way to understand this). Note the type 2 suffix h'y <ñ on the plural noun ~ynIh]Ko. We’ll learn shortly that the ~y I ending on masculine plural nouns is dropped when the suffix is added. (Actually, we’ll learn next chapter a better way to understand this).

8. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.3 – Notes (continued) Type 1 suffixes are used with singular nouns, and type 2 suffixes are used with plural nouns. into your hand their kings And he gave ^d<êy"B. ‘~h,ykel.m; !t:Ün"w> Note the type 1 suffix ^ on the singular noun dy". Note the type 2 suffix ~h,y e on the plural noun ~ykil'm.. We’ll learn shortly that the ~y I ending on masculine plural nouns is dropped when the suffix is added. (Actually, we’ll learn next chapter a better way to understand this).

9. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.4-9.5 – Masculine Nouns Note how each of the suffixes attach to the singular and plural forms of sWs. • Don’t be confused: Singular nouns can take plural suffixes and plural nouns can take singular suffixes! -------- Pronoun -------- Noun • When adding suffix to plural masculine nouns, drop the ~y iending first (cf. construct state)

10. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.6-9.7 – Feminine Nouns Note how each of the suffixes attach to the singular and plural forms of hr'wOt. • When adding suffix to singular feminine nouns, the h at the end is replaced by a t (cf. construct state) • When adding suffix to plural feminine nouns, the twO ending is NOT dropped (cf. construct state) • Before you give up, don’t forget the interplay between study and experience!

11. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.8 – Vowel Changes Many nouns will undergo vowel changes when pronominal suffixes are added

12. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.9 – Monosyllabic Nouns • Usually, yod then suffix indicates plural noun • Some common one-syllable words use yod with singular nouns as well  ^yx,Þa;w> ^ybiîa' “Your father and your brothers” (Gen 47:5) • Notice the singular always has hireq yod

13. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.10-9.11 – Prepositions Remember, noun + pronominal suffix was possessive. Preposition + pronominal suffix will be objective. Some prepositions take type 1 suffixes, others take type 2. This has nothing to do with whether the preposition is “singular” or “plural.” Prepositions have no number associated with them (of course, the object can be singular or plural).

14. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.12-9.13 – K. and !mi From 2mp and down these prepositions present no problems. From 1cp and up, you’ll need to remember the forms wOmñK' and M,ñmi, along with your type 1 alternate endings. The 3ms form of !mi is unique and not as expected, but note that it occurs approximately 150 times.

15. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.14 – tae and the DDOM With Object Remember the trick: But, note the seghol in the second person plural instances of the DDOM. “With” always has a hireq, and this is also helpful for remembering “with” (~[i, §9.15), for it also always has a hireq.

16. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.16 – Summary • Know when a personal pronoun is functioning subjective, objectively, or possessively. • Know all type 1, type 2, and alternate type 1 pronominal suffixes (see page 93).

17. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 9.17- Vocabulary • @a; – Laugh so hard milk comes out your nose • rq,Boñ – bwOjrq,Boñ “Good morning” • hk'r'B. – Berachah Bible Church! • vyE – Yesh, there is • dwObK' – Ichabod = “Where is the glory” • yliK. – Clean the utensils • ~x,l,ñ – Bethlehem = “house of bread”

18. BBIHebrew Grammar I Reminder • After chapter 8, you know 58% of all OT words • After chapter 9, you will know 61% of all OT words • Don’t forget to be doing journal (turn in @ end) • Vocabulary and Grammar Quiz this week. • Don’t give up!

19. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Example #1 with our fathers He made which Yahweh [the] covenant [of] Wnyteêboa]-~[i ‘tr:K' rv<Üa] hw"+hy> tyrIåB. Egypt from [the]land [of] )( them When he brought out ~yIr")c.mi #r<a,îme ~t'Þao AaïyciAhB. 1 Kings 8:21

20. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Example #2 And when he had finished speaking… the these the words all [DDOM] hL,ae_h' ~yrIßb'D>h;-lK' taeî under them which The ground Split(Beka valley) ~h,(yTex.T; rv<ïa] hm'Þd"a]h' [q:ïB'Tiw: Numbers 16:31

21. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Example #3 his heart all [DDOM] to me He told AB=li-lK'-ta, yliÞ dyGIïhi Judges 16:18

22. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Example #4 Behold, your sister-in-law has gone back… her gods and to her people to h'yh,_l{a/-la,w> HM'Þ[;-la, Judges 16:18

23. Pronominal Suffixes BBIHebrew Grammar I Example #5 Be careful to do… commanded you which according to all the law ‘^W>ci rv<Üa] hr"ªATh;-lk'K. not turn aside my servant Moses rWsïT'-la; yDIêb.[; hv,ämo or (lit., and) [to the] left [to the] right from it lwamo+f.W !ymiäy" WNM,Þmi Joshua 1:7